Chapter 7 and 8.

8: Impulse, Linear Momentum and Angular Momentum

1) A stunt person jumps from the roof of a tall building, but no injury occurs because the person
lands on a large, air-filled bag. Which one of the following best describes why no injury occurs?
A) The bag provides the necessary force to stop the person.
B) The bag reduces the impulse to the person.
C) The bag increases the amount of time the force acts on the person and reduces the
change in momentum.
D) The bag decreases the amount of time during which the momentum is changing and
reduces the average force on the person.
E) The bag increases the amount of time during which the momentum is changing and
reduces the average force on the person.

2) The area under the curve on a Force versus time (F vs. t) graph represents
A) impulse B) momentum
C) work D) kinetic energy

3) A Ping-Pong ball moving east at a speed of 4 m/s, collides with a stationary bowling ball. The
Ping-Pong ball bounces back to the west, and the bowling ball moves very slowly to the east.
Which object experiences the greater magnitude impulse during the collision?
A) Neither; both experienced the same magnitude impulse.
B) the Ping-Pong ball
C) the bowling ball
D) It's impossible to tell since the velocities after the collision are unknown.

4) Two equal mass balls (one red and the other blue) are dropped from the same height, and
rebound off the floor. The red ball rebounds to a higher position. Which ball is subjected to
the greater magnitude of impulse during its collision with the floor?
A) It's impossible to tell since the time intervals and forces are unknown.
B) Both balls were subjected to the same magnitude impulse.
C) the blue ball
D) the red ball

A 4.0-kg block slides along a frictionless

surface with a constant speed of 5.0 m/s as
Force (N)

shown. Two seconds after it begins 4.0 kg 6

sliding, a horizontal, time-dependent force v 3
is applied to the mass. The force is 0
removed eight seconds later. The graph 0 2 4 6 8 10
shows how the force on the block varies Time (s)
with time.

5) What is the magnitude of the total impulse of the force acting on the block?
A) 20 N ⋅ s B) 48 N ⋅ s C) 60 N ⋅ s D) 42 N ⋅ s E) 54 N ⋅ s

6) What, approximately, is the speed of the block at t = 11 seconds?

A) 5.0 m/s B) 25 m/s C) 75 m/s D) 16 m/s E) 65 m/s
7) A 0.1-kg steel ball is dropped straight down onto a hard, horizontal floor and bounces
straight up. The ball’s speed just before and just after impact with the floor is 10 m/s.
Determine the magnitude of the impulse delivered to the floor by the steel ball.
A) zero N ⋅ s B) 2 N ⋅ s C) 100 N ⋅ s D) 1 N ⋅ s E) 10 N ⋅ s

8) Which of the following is an accurate statement?

A) The momentum of a projectile is constant.
B) The momentum of a moving object is constant.
C) If an object is acted on by a non-zero net external force, its momentum will not remain
constant.
D) If the kinetic energy of an object is doubled, its momentum will also double.

9) A rock is dropped from a high tower and falls freely under the influence of gravity. Which
one of the following statements concerning the rock as it falls is true? Neglect the effects
of air resistance.
A) The rock will gain an equal amount of momentum during each second.
B) The rock will gain an equal amount of kinetic energy during each second.
C) The rock will gain an equal amount of speed for each meter through which it falls.
D) The rock will gain an equal amount of momentum for each meter through which it
falls.
E) The amount of momentum the rock gains will be proportional to the amount of
potential energy that it loses.

10) A freight car moves along a frictionless level railroad track at constant speed. The car is
open on top. A large load of coal is suddenly dumped into the car, from directly above. What
happens to the velocity of the car?
A) It increases. B) It remains the same. C) It decreases.
D) cannot be determined from the information given.

11) When a cannon fires a cannonball, the cannon will recoil backward because the
A) energy of the cannonball and cannon is conserved.
B) momentum of the cannonball and cannon is conserved.
C) energy of the cannon is greater than the energy of the cannonball.
D) momentum of the cannon is greater than the energy of the cannonball.

12) Two objects collide and bounce off each other. Linear momentum
A) is definitely conserved.
B) is definitely not conserved.
C) is conserved only if the collision is elastic.
D) is conserved only if the environment is frictionless.

13) If you pitch a baseball with twice the kinetic energy you gave it in the previous pitch, the
magnitude of its momentum is
A) the same B) 1.41x as much C) doubled D) 4x as much

14) A sailboat of mass m is moving with a momentum of magnitude p. How would you
represent its kinetic energy in terms of these two quantities?
A) p2/(2m) B) 1/2 mp2 C) mp D) mp/2
15) A stationary bomb explodes in space breaking into a number of small fragments. At the
location of the explosion, the net force due to gravity is zero newtons. Which one of the
following statements concerning this event is true?
A) Kinetic energy is conserved in this process.
B) The fragments must have equal kinetic energies.
C) The sum of the kinetic energies of the fragments must be zero.
D) The vector sum of the linear momenta of the fragments must be zero.
E) The velocity of any one fragment must be equal to the velocity of any other fragment.

16) On an interplanetary mission, a 58.5-kg astronaut is floating toward the front of her ship at
0.15 m/s, relative to the ship. She wishes to stop moving, relative to the ship. She decides
to throw away the 2.50-kg book she’s carrying. What should the speed and direction of the
book be to achieve her goal?
A) 0.15 m/s, toward the front of the ship B) 0.30 m/s, toward the back of the ship
C) 3.5 m/s, toward the back of the ship D) 1.8 m/s, toward the front of the ship
E) 3.7 m/s, toward the front of the ship

17) When is kinetic energy conserved?

A) in elastic collisions B) in inelastic collisions
C) in any collision in which the objects do not stick together
D) in all collisions

18) In a game of pool, the white cue ball (m) hits the #5 ball and stops, while the #5 ball (m)
moves away with the same velocity as the cue ball had originally. The type of collision is
A) elastic. B) inelastic.
C) completely inelastic.
D) any of the above, depending on the mass of the balls.

19) In a game of pool, the white cue ball (m) hits the #9 ball (m) and is deflected at a 35° angle
to the original line of motion. What is the angle of deflection below the original line of
motion for the #9 ball?
A) 35° B) 55° C) 75° D) 90°

20) A 100-kg cannon at rest contains a 10-kg cannon ball. When fired, the cannon ball leaves
the cannon with a speed of 90 m/s. What is the recoil speed of the cannon?
A) 4.5 m/s B) 45 m/s C) zero m/s D) 9 m/s E) 90 m/s

21) A small object collides with a large object and sticks. Which object experiences the larger
magnitude of momentum change?
A) the large object B) the small object
C) Both objects experience the same magnitude of momentum change.
D) cannot be determined from the information given
(3)
22) Car One is traveling due north and Car Two is traveling due (2) (4)
east. After the collision shown, Car One rebounds in the due
south direction. Which of the numbered arrows is the only one (1) (5)
that can represent the final direction of Car Two?
A) 1 B) 2 Two
C) 3 D) 4 E) 5
One
23) Two asteroids are drifting in space with trajectories shown. Assuming the y
collision at point O between them is perfecty inelastic, at what angle from O•
its original direction is the larger asteroid deflected? x
A) 80° above the +x axis B) 47° above the +x axis 45 47°
15
C) 69° above the +x axis D) 90° above the +x axis
E) 42° above the +x axis 0.10m m

24) Consider a rigid body that is rotating. Which of the following is an accurate statement?
A) Its center of rotation is its center of gravity.
B) All points on the body are moving with the same angular velocity.
C) All points on the body are moving with the same linear velocity.
D) Its center of rotation is at rest, i.e., not moving.

25) Consider two uniform solid spheres where one has twice the mass and twice the diameter of
the other. The ratio of the larger moment of inertia to that of the smaller moment of inertia is
A) 2 B) 8 C) 4 D) 10 E) 6

26) An ice skater performs a pirouette (a fast spin) by pulling in his outstretched arms close to
his body. What happens to his moment of inertia about the axis of rotation?
A) It does not change.
B) It increases.
C) It decreases.
D) It changes, but it is impossible to tell which way.

27) An ice skater performs a pirouette (a fast spin) by pulling in his outstretched arms close to
his body. What happens to his rotational kinetic energy about the axis of rotation?
A) It does not change. B) It increases.
C) It decreases.
D) It changes, but it is impossible to tell which way.

28) An ice skater performs a pirouette (a fast spin) by pulling in his outstretched arms close to
his body. What happens to his angular momentum about the axis of rotation?
A) It does not change. B) It increases.
C) It decreases.
D) It changes, but it is impossible to tell which way.

29) "The total angular momentum of a system of particles changes when a net external force
acts on the system." This statement is
A) always true.
B) never true.
C) sometimes true. It depends on the force's magnitude.
D) sometimes true. It depends on the force's point of application.

30) In what circumstances can the angular velocity of system of particles change without any
change in the system's angular momentum?
A) This cannot happen under any circumstances.
B) This can happen if a net external force acts on the system's center of mass.
C) This can happen if the only forces acting are internal to the system.
D) This can happen if an external net torque is applied properly to the system.