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INTRODUCTION
technologies that we used today. But in some remote areas in our country is far from
the breakthroughs. Perhaps, they are rich in the natural resources. The one of these
was to the great rivers and streams can a precious reason to put this kind of
technology. Some places in the world already formed different devices in the use of
hydro power plant (PHP) using the water from traditional irrigation pumps, which are
widely used for agricultural purposes in the rural areas of Bangladesh. In addition, it
facing many privation towards making it, is continually in search of an another source
Barangay Talite consists of several sitios (zones). The sitio involved in this project is
Here in Davao del Norte Pico-hydro didn’t exist yet. Fortunately to those
communities live in urban areas which already have electricity. But for those who live
in remote areas they are less fortunate because they are unreachable by the
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electrification. Yet, they have ample resources that can be an alternative source of
energy. The researcher proposes to design a device to address the needs of the isolated
that can charge a battery. Also, the portability of the project is focal point because you
can harvest energy anywhere you want as long as it has a current flow of water. Given
Target Beneficiaries
This design project addresses the needs of electricity of the people lives in remote
areas which is near river and streams. This lightens the inconvenience of the people to go to
town just to charge batteries. This “Pico-hydro floating turbine with gear system” provides
enough power to light-up single household at night. The system does not require dam, only
The use of potential or kinetic power from water in order to provide driving
force and more specifically electric energy is widely known. There are a number of
water resources, such as irrigation canals, feeding or discharge canals, rivers, lakes or
estuaries with sufficient flow rate to produce electric power. There are several of
Curtis, M. (1989) invented a floating water turbine. Design for taking the
kinetic energy from linear current flow and converting it into mechanical energy and
to support itself on top of the water, thereby eliminating any drag from the apparatus.
This breakthrough gives us an idea to set up new floating turbine so that it will be so
buoyant to equilibrate the weight of the generator and the gearings of the whole
device.
in the range of 5kW below. The categorization of turbine is found on the “head” or
water pressure that pushes the turbine. Medium-head turbines are usually the most
frequent turbines, in which the turbine blades are immersed and create electricity as
an integral response with the water pressure. Since they service with medium head,
these turbines ordinarily need average quantity of water to build useful power,
Since our turbine work at the surface of the water requires the linear current
flow of the water. It will need an inlet so that the pressure of the water will be used at
its optimum state. Moreover, the laminar flow is what we aim to collect to be feed
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into turbine. Yet the turbulent flow of the water is irresistible the inlet plays its role to
stainless steel and food grade plastic tubing. Fluid inlet keeps away from gathering
sediment from the lowest part of the soda keg. This development hand over a vision
To cope up with the revolution per second require with the generator gear
system is involve. The best type of gear for generators is the spur gears. In view of the
fact that the meeting surfaces in the middle of contiguous gears are completely
tangential to the direction of the rotating axes. This assures the most well-founded
connection and doesn’t produce any push in the system either, there-by remove the
point of power even in some of the world’s poorest and most unreachable places. It is
also a versatile power spring. Hydro power systems of this size ease in expression of
cost and clarity from different inch toward in the design, arrangement and installation
For this proponents’ design project, Pico-hydro floating turbine with gear
system, the minimum target current is one (1) ampere and twelve (12) volts DC (full-
load). It only works at horizontally flowing water with a minimum depth of 1.5 feet.
The design project has gear system which can help to cope up with the
required revolution per minute of the generator. For its output, it will have a battery
charger and can only charge a 12V battery for the storage of the converted electrical
energy.
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Chapter 2
Research design
is one of the easiest to put up. This design is a convenient free energy source, due to
Proposed design
RIGHT-SIDE VIEW
FRONT VIEW
Current flow of the water will be fed into the system inlet for the minimization
of the turbulent flow of the water. The use of the inlet is to concentrate the water
pressure to drive the turbine. To cope up with the required revolution per minute of
the generator, gear system is placed after the turbine’s shaft. The input of the gear
system is the speed of the turbine and the output will be connected to the shaft of the
generator. Due to varying voltage output of the generator as a result of changing rpm
of the generator, a voltage regulator will do the rest. Finally, the regulated voltage
INPUT
BATTERY
/LIGHT
BULB
OUTPUT
System Flowchart
INLET
TURBINE
SPROCKET AND
CHAIN
GEAR BOX
GENERATOR
REGULATOR
VOLTMETER AND
AMMETER
Conceptual framework
The overall concept of the system design is shown as seen in the figure.
River Water
SPROCKET
AND CHAINS
TURBINE
Design constraints
The design team contemplates constraints that are necessary to the project
Functionality
The design aims to have minimal friction losses. If the gear system will not
have any lubrication it can affect the overall functionality of the design. Also, the
debris that will bump into the turbine will reduce the speed of rotation of it; as a
result, it affects the output of the generator.
Economic
The uniqueness and simplicity of the design is an added point when it goes in
terms of financial aspect. Upon making the design the researcher has big expenditures
in buying the materials due to unavailability here in our place. But by the innovation
of it, the cost is reduced and without sacrificing other components of the system.
Manufacturability
50% of the project’s parts will be submerging to the water. Therefore, the
researchers use Galvanized Iron type of material to the turbine and the casing, because
it has rust resistant. But the thing that the coated zinc in GI sheets is not permanent; as
a result of running out of zinc coating it’ll begin rusting.
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Trade-offs
Design Concepts
System
1. Reliability 13.85% 5 5
Functionality
2. Accuracy 18.46% 5 5
46.16%
3. Suitability 4.62% 5 4
4. Serviceability 9.23% 5 4
5. Satisfaction 3.5% 5 4
6. Efficiency 12% 5 5
Usability
27.50%
Selection Criteria
7. Effectiveness 9% 5 4
8. Operability 3% 5 5
9. Changeability 3.17% 5 4
Maintainability
TOTAL SCORE 80 71
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From the computation above, the Pico-Hydro Floating Turbine with Gear System (design 1)
was the one with the greater result thus, the proponents made the design that is desired.
Design standards
Research procedure
Data Gathering
During this time the researchers gathered data and aim to choose a specific
captivate our attention due to the absence of electricity; people located in this
particular area needs to go to town almost every day just to charge battery to power
Planning
The light that is needed of the people in the area is one of the concern. At this
specific location is has a river near from it. As a result, the researchers come up with
an idea to use the kinetic energy of the flowing water as a catalyst of the undecided
design.
Analysis
At this stage the researchers ponder the things they needed to attain their
certain goal and scrutinized the gathered data to identify the overall direction of the
design project.
Organizing
This time the researchers arrange the steps in making the design. They made a
time frame to achieve their specific step by step objectives. First, they look for
generator for the prototype, next the turbine that could effectively drives the turbine
Designing
At this stage, the researcher starts searching the suitable components that the
design comprises. First the specification of the generator to be used, computing the
specs of the turbine that could effectively rotate the generator with the desired rpm,
also the size of the hydrocat-style boat and its buoyancy to balance.
Implementing
The researchers build the overall project prototype with help of the experts and
skillful people.
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-Spur gears
- oil for lubricant
Gear System
- I/O ratio 1:8
Type: Cross-flow
Turbine
Made of GI sheet
Dimension: 12’x8’
GI sheet Gauge: 16
Chapter 3
This chapter presents the gathered data and results of the research done.
Trials Results
Table 3.1
Conclusion
The Pico-Hydro Floating Turbine with Gear System meets the specifications
The said design was composed of a floating cross flow turbine that can help
the floater in terms of buoyancy; therefore, the turbine helps to lessen the weight that
is present in the entire system. Gears are also present in the system that can help in
terms of how to have a high speed in a smooth flow of the water, the gears that are
used in the gearbox is a spur gear (transmission) for the purpose that they are compact
and easy to install, these gears offer constant velocity ratio, no slip, highly reliable
Base on the table, the system produces more voltage and current than the
desired output due to its components good performance, by the time, the system can
work on its specified task when the specification on having the desired output was
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perform but its behavior depends on how the system is being used. A 4Ah, 12 Vdc
The Pico-Hydro Floating Turbine with Gear System was designed with
Recommendation
recommended to use stainless steel for the prevention of corrosion and as well as the
strength property of the said materials. For the efficiency, it is better for the gearbox
to be well lubricated and have higher gear ratio to improve rotation to drive the
generator with greater output. The coupling turbine and gearbox must be aligned to
prevent shear stress to minimize mechanical losses in the system. For the stability, the
Chapter 4
REFERENCES
Akhilesh A., Gopal D. (2015). Pico-Hydro-Plant for Small Scale Power Generation
https://www.yachtingjournal.com
Zar N., Htay H., Myint T. (2016). Design, Construction and Performance Test of
http://www.iraj.in/journal/journal_file/journal_pdf/2-324-148463812095-
100.pdf
https://www.physicsforums.com
John D. (2015). Honda Xrm 110 Wiring Diagram Pdf - Honda Wave 110 Wiring