Surgery DDx:

LGIB: DAPIC
Diverticulosis
Angiodysplasia
Polyps
IBD
Colon cancer

UGIB:UGMCEV:UGLY MEN CAN'T EXPRESS VALUE

Gastric ulcer erosion
Duodenal ulcer erosion
Gastritis
Mallory Weiss
Gastric carcinoma
Esophagitis
Esophageal varices

Breast mass: sister admires her papi's duck lips

Fibrocystic changes
Fibroadenoma
Papilloma
Duct ectasia
Lipoma

RLQ pain:
GI: Inflammatory(colitis, diverticulitis, IBD, mesenteric adenitis), cancer(cecal),
intrasucception
GU: UTI, Urinary calculi,
Repro: ectopic pregnancy, acute salphingitis, PID, fibroids, endometriosis,
ovarian testicular cysts and tumors torsion, orchiditis, epididimytis
Musculoskeletal: psoas abscess, rectus sheath hematoma, inguinal hernia, femoral
hernia, inguinal lympadenitis

SBO:
Adhesions
Incarcerated or stangulated hernia
Tumor(Cancer ddx:Adenocarcinoma, Carcinoid, Lymphoma, Sarcomas)
Intrasusception
Crohn's disease
Gallstone ileus

LBO:
Cancer
Diverticulitis
Volvulus
Sticture
Volvulus

Claudication:

Staging:
Breast cancer

BI-RADS
0-Incomplete(additional imaging)
1-Negative(routine screening)
2-Benign(routine screening)
3-probably benign 2% likelihood of malignancy
4-Suspicious(biopsy)
5-Highly suspicious 95% likelihood of maligancy(Biopsy)
6- Malignancy confirmed by biopsy(definitive therapy)

TNM
Molecular
Luminal A: ER/PR strongly positive, HER-2 negative. MC. Best prognosis
Luminal B: ER/PR weakly positive, HER-2

Pancreatitis:
Ranson's criteria:
Admission: GALAW glucose>11 mmol/L age>55 LDH>350 AST>250 WBC> 16 x 10^9
48H: CHOBBS: Calcium>2, Hematocrit drop>10%, PO2<60mmHg, Base deficit>4mmol/L,
BUN>1.8mmol/L, Fluid sequestration>6L
>3 High mortality

Pancreatic cancer:
AJCC-TNM:
T1- pancreas, 2cm or less
T2- pancreas, >2cm
T3- beyond pancreas without celiac axis or SMA involement
T4- beyond pancreas with celiac axis or SMA

PUD: Forrest classification/grading: Bleeding risks go down with grade, IIb being
intermediate
Ia: active, pulsatile bleeding
Ib: active non-pulsatile bleeding
IIa: Non bleeding visible vessel
IIb: Adherent clot
IIc: Ulcer with black spot
III: Clean nonbleeding ulcer bed

Hinchey classification of perforated diverticulitis:

1- Pericolic abscess
2- Walled off pelvic abscess
3- Purulent peritonitis
IV- fecal peritonitis

Alvardo score/Mantrel's for acute appendicitis:

Migratory RLQ pain(1)
Anorexia(1)
Nausea/Vomiting(1)
Tenderness in RLQ(2)
Rebound tendernes RLQ(1)
Elevated temp >37.5 C(1)
Leukocytosis(2)
Left shift neutrophils(1)

Colon cancer:
Duke's criteria(old) and TNM staging

Duke's criteria
A: confined to the bowel wall
B: penetrates the bowel wall
C: lymph node metastases
TNM staging
To-no primary tumor found
Tis- carcinoma in situ
T1- submucosal invasion
T2-Muscularis propria invasion
T3- Serosal invasion
T4- transcoelomic invasion

N0- No nodes
N1- 1-3 regional nodes
N2- 4 or more regional nodes

M0- No distant metastasis

M1- Distant metastasis

Internal hemorrhoidal classification:

1st: no prolapse
2nd: prolapse with spontaneous reduction
3rd: prolapse with manual reduction
4th: prolapse and irreducible

Treatments:

Burns:
ABCs(especially fluid resusitation with foley catheter)
Burn shock fluid(to restore intravascular space)
Cleanse, debride, treat burn injury
Analgesics
Tetanus(Ig) and Stress ulcer(ranitidine) prophylaxis

Breast cancer:
Stage 0 BCS + radiotherapy
Stage 1 BCS + ALND + radiotherapy
Stage 2 Same as Stage 1
Stage 3 Mastectomy + ALND + radiotherapy + Neoadjuvant chemotherapy