GENERALIZED METHOD OF ANALYSIS OF SIMULTANEOUS

FAULTS IN ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM

Z. X. HAN
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Troy, New York 12181
Abstract - This paper describes two methods to for complex fault analysis by means
of multiple-port
analyze any combination of simultaneous balanced and network theory. These faults
may be any combination of
unbalanced faults in a power system. The first method balanced and unbalanced
faults which can occur in any
can be used to calculate the symmetrical components and phase and at any place in
the network. Attention is
phase components for any bus voltage and branch current drawn to the manner in
which the three sequence netof
a faulted power system. Using the second method, an works are handled seperately,
and then to the use of
equivalent network connected to the positive sequence the fault-port matrix to
interconnect the sequence netnetwork
can be obtained. works. The size of the fault-port matrix depends upon
The specific features of mutually coupled lines the number of the simultaneous
faults. Considering
are examined in the analysis of simultaneous faults. that this is generally not a
high order matrix, it is
The computer implementation of these methods is very efficient to handle. The
first method can be used
based on the optimally ordered triangular factorization to obtain directly the
sequence and phase components
of the admittance matrix of the individual sequense for bus voltages and branch
currents of the faulted
network. The elements of the fault-port matrix of any networks. The second method
can obtain a combimed equisimultaneous
fault can be easily obtained without valent network of negative and zero sequence
networks
changing the admittance matrices of the original se- which can be considered as a
part of the positive sequence
networks which are still available to determine quence network connected at the
fault-ports. This
bus voltages and branch currents. modified positive sequence network can be
conveniently
used to study the effect of a fault on the positive se-
INTRODUCTION quence network.
In this paper, the specific features of mutually
In power system design and operation, we generally coupled lines are examined and
we will extend the
carry out a series of fault analyses including short- method of [6] to a general
analysis of simultaneous
circuit calculation in order to obtain the symmetrical faults in electric power
system including the mutually
and phase components of all bus voltages and branch coupled lines.
currents in all predictable fault situations. One of The computer implementation is
based on the
the most troublesome problems is the solution of the optimally ordered triangular
factorization of the
faulted network involving two or more faults which can admittance matrix of the
individual sequence networks.
occur simultaneously. Such an occurrence may be the re- The elements of the fault-
port matrix can then be
sult of some events such as a stroke of lightning or a obtained from these
factorized matrices. A variety of
catastrophic accident. These simultaneous faults may be simultaneous faults in a
network, with the same paraany
combination of the four unbalanced faults shown in meters and configuration, can
therefore be studied.
Fig. 1 in addition to balanced three-phase short cir- After obtaining the fault-
port currents and voltages of
cuits and open-circuits. At the same time each un- each sequence network the
factorized