Computerization of business world

In Bangladesh and
Assessment of present and Future
University of Dhaka

An Assignment
On
Computerization of business world in Bangladesh and
Assessment of present and Future

Course Name: Introduction to Computer

Course Code: 113

Submitted To:
Afreen Choudhury
Assistant Professor
Department of Marketing
University of Dhaka

Submitted By:
Group Name: The Conquerors
rd
Batch : 23
Section :B
Department of Marketing
University of Dhaka

Name Roll
Nabila Suraiya 16
Minhajul Islam 92
Md. Hasnat Rabbani 96
Sanzid Morsalin 100
Tahmida Islam Ema 102
Alham Zaman 110
Riasat Rahman 122
Ahmed Shouqi Salvee 212
Raad Islam 213
Md. Ibna Kaies Zia

Date of Submission:
 Letter of Transmittal

Afreen Choudhury
Assistant Professor
Department of Marketing
University of Dhaka

Dear Madam,
As per your instruction, we have successfully completed your project. We have followed
your guidelines and included ideas that you shared during lecture. We hope that it will meet
your expectation.

Sincerely,
Md. Hasnat Rabbani
On the behalf of the members of the group
The Conquerors
 Letter of Acknowledgement

First of all, we’re expressing our heartfelt gratitude to the Almighty Allah, the most Merciful
and the Benevolent, for his special kindness.

We would like to express our gratitude to Afreen Choudhury, Assistant professor, University
of Dhaka for giving us the opportunity to complete this report and for continuous guidance,
individual suggestions, continuous encouragement and unfailing enthusiasm throughout the
process of completion of the report.
 Executive Summary

As we’re living in the 21st century, the usage of computer in every sector is increasing.
Different research, telecommunication, banking, insurance company, biotechnology institute
are using computer in their daily activities. They are using highly specialized technology. If
we tell specifically, we can say. SPARSO operates and maintains satellite ground receiving
stations including data collection platforms and develops instrumentation facilities and
manpower capabilities for both visual and computer analyses of satellite and data by
computer. But still there are some sectors where computer usage is relative low. For example,
Bangladesh postal service, grocery store etc. Where most of the works are still done
following old tradition. But we can surely assume that these scenario will be changed.
Computer will take its place in all the sector.
 Table of Contents

Sl No. Part Page No.

1. A 1-7

2. B 8-10

3. Conclusion 11
PART - A
 Interviewing corporate employees about the
present and future of computer usage in their organization

Aniqa Jahan Elma, Research Assistant, Access to Information

She said, as A2i is an organization which goal is to digitalize the country and give digital service
to people, the use of computer here was relatively high from the very first day of its
establishment. It was established in 2009. But the use of computer here increased twice a time.
Because A2i mainly works on research. So, it’s impossible to do any research work without
computer. Research related different works like data collection, data coding, data managing and
data entry etc. all are done by computers in a very short time. If they do these work without
computer, it will take huge time to complete which will results in inefficiency. Recently, A2i
inaugurate a new program which is “Service at citizen doorstep”. For this they are establishing
Union digital center (UDC) in every village to provide digital service. And computer is
undoubtedly a major component for this. According to Ms. Aniqa Jahan Elma, around 95% of
work of A2i are done by computer.

Mr. Saadullah Siddiqui, System Analyst

Advanced Development Technologies Ltd
Mr. Siddiqui states that, Advanced Group is a growing conglomerate engaged in Real Estate
Development, Manufacturing Building Products, quality packaging materials and innovative
construction materials. We are engaged in construction, sales & marketing and manufacturing as
well, so almost tasks related to business operation are information centric & service oriented which
would not be mad e possible manually but Computers. For communication with stakeholders, sales
& marketing, accounting, data storage, documentation, training and research etc., computers play a
pivotal role in facilitating our day to day tasks. The usage of computers varies from organization to
organization, however, to maintain confidentiality computer is a must. Since the inception of our
company in 1885, the whole management, executives and support staffs are equipped with
computers & laptops using need based software’s powered by network, internet & Wi-Fi facilities.
The system is upgraded from time to time and more introducing latest technologies to keep pace
with global advancement. I can say that the usage of computer will surge remarkably in the coming
years as the government has given special emphasis on digital technologies to materialize its vision
2021.

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Dr. Mohammad Mahabubur Rahman, Managing Director
Base construction chemicals industry

Base construction chemicals industry is an expert in super plasticizers, Retarders High and mid-
range water reducer and water proofers established in Bangladesh in 2010 under technical guidance
and super vision of MuHu (China).
According to Dr. Mahbubur Rahman, by next five years almost 80% of government services will
come under digitalization as the government has a launched vision 2021. All efforts have been put
in place by the government to reach a2i which is overseen by PM’s office itself. No doubt usage of
computers in the country will expand and enhance.
We are representing a reputed chemical company in China. Since China is well advanced in digital
technologies, so we have to cope with them. In order to communicate related to day to day
development, we have no other alternate way but to have in contact with our Principal through
digital technologies. We have been using modern computers with customized software’s, networks,
internet & wife-fi. We have to maintain a smooth liaison between amongst all so that we can ensure
timely production and delivery to our clients. Besides, we have a strong link with our principal in
Chine, we maintain contact through e-mail, internet, transmit documentation and receive
information through computers, laptops, tablets, smartphones etc. We have strong client data base
and to maintain technical & technologies updates, computers play an important role to help us
expedite our business efficiently.

Md. Omar Faruk, Deputy Director ,

Department of Banking Inspection, Bangladesh Bank

Mr. Faruk stated that, around ten years ago all the work of Bangladesh Bank was done manually.
Now everything become computerized. All the information are now stored on computer. They can
now find any information very easily within a second. But before it was very difficult. He added
that, when he go to inspection to different commercial bank, he use computer for performing
analytical procedures, making detailed reports on audit findings etc. for increasing efficiency.
They are now also giving different e-service to all scheduled bank like Time series (Economic
data), Online CIB services, Online Foreign Exchange Transaction Monitoring System, Corporate
Memory Management Systems (CMMS), e statement for CRR and SLR etc. For giving these
service they are using high technology.

Rafael Maybug, Lead Specialist, Grameenphone

Grameenphone widely abbreviated as GP. He said Grameenphone was the first operator to
introduce the pre-paid mobile phone service in Bangladesh in September 1999 and is fully
operated on base of computer support. From the people management to networking system it is
related to computer. It is impossible to do any network controlling activities without it. GP is
going to start a new program named ''Bioscope”, which is an online television service. People
can watch online TV through any computer or mobile from anywhere. Rafael Mahbub said they
are 100% dependent on computer for providing any mobile service activities like stock
information, Instant Messaging, SMS Based Alerts/Services, Voice-based Services, Downloads,
music, Cricket Updates, Web SMS, Mobile Backup etc.

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Kamal Hossain, Eastern Bank Ltd.
Eastern Bank Limited is a commercial bank established in 1992.Kamal Hossain said that it has
59 branches in Bangladesh which is monitored and controlled fully through computerized
system. The customers are served a wide range of depository, loan and card products through a
network of 59 Branches. All these activities are done throughout computer. Besides the bank
uses computer for data/information management, security issues, people management etc.
Without computer it is quite impossible. Eastern Bank is now researching on further online and
sms banking services. They are trying to set their hand on every village and provide digital
services where computer is undoubtedly playing a vital role.

Md. Lutfur Rahman Sarder, Assistant Vice President,

Mercantile Insurance Company Ltd:
Mr. Rahman said that Computers provide insurance agents and our staff members with a
convenient way to store customer records. Their ability to encrypt data and store it in a database
lets the companies keep client records strictly confidential. The days of needing stacks of file
cabinets for storing information have long since passed. Computers save space and also make
data available to agents and underwriters with the touch of a button. In 1996, from the very
beginning, Mercantile Insurance Company was under a computer network. The system is
gradually upgrading day by day. We cannot think of our services without computer nowadays.
The uses of Computer and new digital services will be increased soon in order to stay in the
competitive market.
Mos. Sayeda Begum, Programmer, Computer wing

Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

After the establishment of BBS (Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics) at 1975, all of its work was
done in paper. But the use of computer witnessed a rapid increase in the late 1980s and paving
the way for more intense computer activities. Bureau of Statistics is the largest user of
computers. The Statistical Bureau at present uses computer at every phase of preservation,
processing and analyzing of data collected from various surveys including formulation of
database. Nowadays for every single purpose computer is being used from morning to till the
closing of office. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics has a decentralized network for
implementation of its activities with its head office in Dhaka. At present, there are 8 (Eight)
Divisional Statistical Offices, 64 District Statistical Offices located in 8 (Eight) Divisions and 64
Districts and 489 Upazilla/Thana offices in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics is
responsible for providing technical and administrative guidance in matters of all official
statistical programs and acts as the implementing agency of all programs of official statistics of
Bangladesh.

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Abu Taleb Pramanik, Senior Scientific Officer, Ground Station Department

SPARRSO (Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization)

SPARRSO was established in 1980 by merging SARC and BLP. The National Assembly passed
an act in 1991 creating this organization. It is an autonomous organization under the Ministry of
Defense. From the very beginning of the establishment of this organization, computer is being
used as it’s a technology based organization. SPARRSO is being entrusted with space and
remote sensing technology to survey the natural resources and monitor the environment
and Natural hazards in Bangladesh. It also operates and maintains satellite ground receiving
stations including data collection platforms and develops instrumentation facilities and
manpower capabilities for both visual and computer analyses of satellite and airborne data. These
activities are done by highly configured computer. We don’t switch off our computer for a
second until disrupted by electricity or technical problem. So by this you can easily understand
the frequency of uses of computer. We are working for the operational activities towards national
interests, Research and technological development activities, activities to support national
development. All the activities are going very well and looking forward to improve more and of
course, without computer nothing can be possible.

Naurin Mahbuba, Judicial Magistrate, Bangladesh judiciary

The usage of computers have been very prominent in recent years. In former times, every
judgment that a judge had to make needed to be hand written. As a result it would take a lot of
time. The judgment would then be typed by a specialist and saved. However, nowadays with
greater access to computers, judges can type every judgment themselves which saves much more
time and is secured through passwords. The documents can easily be transferred through pen
drives. In the coming years, the usage of computers is likely to increase. They are planning to
video call witnesses instead of making them talk in the court in front of everyone which would
help them relax a bit more while giving statements. Besides that, every statement would be
recorded in computers. As a result, computers play a huge role in making this job much more
efficient.

Anica Tasnim Protity, Scientific Officer, National Institute of Biotechnology

She said that, from 2007 their organization, National institute of biotechnology, started to use
computer. Currently they are using computer for our scientific purposes, for searching
international research papers, for establishing a formulated protocol by going through other
scientific websites like Research gate etc., for emailing other scientists, for typing documents,
saving data and printing letters and notice etc. for operating a florescent microscope we need a
specially programmed computer. For operating other equipment’s like hplc (High-performance
liquid chromatography) machine, DNA sequencing, protein purification setup they use specific
software installed pc. This makes their jobs more efficient.

Md Amerat Hossain, Executive vice president, AB Bank Bangladesh

AB Bank, Bangladesh is a leading private sector bank in Bangladesh and the first joint venture
private bank which was established in 1982. 34 years ago, all of the bank operations were
controlled by paper works. Our employees faced lots of troubles in providing commercial

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banking services that time. In the initial stage of using computer in our bank, there was hardly
one computer for the branch manager. But now there are more computers than the number of
stuffs in one branch. Because of computerization, the service of retail banking, corporate
banking, SME banking, NRB banking, deposits, family savings plan etc. have been modified.
Exchanges in importing and exporting sectors have been computerized now. Moreover the
communication among our district branches has been eased by computer so that our customers
can take our services from any of our branches. ATM services, the most popular corporate
service of today’s world, could not be provided to all sorts of customers if computer was not
availed. If our office duties are going to be operated by more computerization during next 5-7
years, we can hope to serve our customers in more updated ways.

Tasrun Jahan, Assistant Professor of economics,

Bangladesh Open University
Bangladesh Open University was established in October, 1992. It is the only public university in
Bangladesh to use “Distance Education” as a method of teaching delivery. At the beginning,
distance education introduced by distribution of 200 radio receivers among educational
institutions. But it was not computerized. In initial stage there was no availability of computers
among the professors. She joined here in 2005. From then till now the usage of computer has
been expanded like all of our teachers are doing their activities using computer now. We are
dependent on computer for communicating among the 12 regional institutions of Open
University, controlling the admission program and form fill-up, operating the distance education,
reserve the information about students and whole administration. In near future, computer will
enhance our efficiency by entering each and every sector of our academic operations. Thus the
pressure of handworks and paperwork will be reduced. And we’ll get a modern institution by
computerization.

Taiful Islam Shatil, Deputy Manager, Finance, Scholastica

Scholastica was established in 1977 by Mrs Yasmeen Murshed to provide a balanced and well-
rounded education for students by using English as the primary medium of instruction but placing
equal emphasis on Bangla. In the initial stage this institution used typewriters and Fax machine
for official documentations and communication. Approximately from 2003 their employees
started using computers randomly. Mr. Taiful Islam as a finance officer, at the beginning of his
job he had to use ‘ledger’ for data entry. It was a manual work and very much time consuming.
After starting to use computer he operated the work of data entry by Microsoft Word and Tally
software. Now he is using ERM software for financing activities. The communication among the
5 institutions all over Dhaka and the head-office in Baridhara, operating financial reports,
providing scholarships and credit transfers to reputed universities of USA, professional training
for corporate groups; all these works have been developed by computerization. If they strengthen
our computer software or server and communication tools in future, they will be more efficient in
our workplace.

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Afsana Tazmin, Deputy Manager, Reve System
She said that it is a software solution company. It sell routes for making international calls.
Without using computers and different software it is not possible for them to run such a business.
So, it impossible to pass a day without using computer. Since 2003, they are using computer at
full length. They have maintain a close relation with their facility in Singapore. They use their full
potential to use the computers. They often sell software which can’t be run without computers,
she said. They give services like Mobile VOIP, Soft switch, Bandwidth optimization software.
They also have a major operation in 78 countries and they can’t but use computers.

Mr. Khizir Hayat Khan, Senior Manager, Trade Finance

Standard Chartered Bank Bangladesh

Well, Standard Chartered Bank Bangladesh is a banking and financial services company
headquartered in Dhaka, Bangladesh, the oldest and largest foreign bank in Bangladesh
represented by its Country Chief Executive Officer Mr. Abrar A. Anwar. SCB offers
international standard banking services dealing with personal banking, corporate banking, Term
loan, deposits, wealth management, online banking, credit cards and many more to name. The
whole work is operated under the management of ICT. Since this is a global bank and operates
worldwide, so its activities are run by digital technologies equipped with local and global
network. I believe, other schedule banks are also equipped with digital technologies and
expanding its wings gradually.

Muktadidur Rahman Shuvo, Retail Head, Grameenphone

Grameenphone is one of the best mobile service provider company and majority of its works are
done using computer. This company is a telecommunication company and to keep an
uninterrupted service it use computer on 24 hour basis. Moreover for a better internet experience
they can’t but use computer. 1997 year from when we started to use computer. It is using
computer in everywhere from connectivity check to total user available right now. It also track the
number of SIM sold every day by using computer. Still there are few sectors they can’t use
computer. But, they are very close to find an alternative to it.
Md. Moniruzzaman Miah, CFA, Assistant General Manager,
Product & Market Development, Dhaka Stock Exchange Ltd

Dhaka Stock Exchange Ltd. (DSE) is the premier bourse of Bangladesh, which is also called the
growth engine of our economy. DSE provides the trading platform of securities trading that is
fully computerized or automated. It is among the few organizations in Bangladesh having no
paper works in its core operation. DSE started using computer few decades ago, although the
trading system was computerized in 1998. Beside its trading system, every employee of DSE use
computer in carrying out their day to day job responsibilities e.g. accounts record keeping, letter
or note drafting, market analysis, e-mail correspondence and so on. He said that, he use
analytical tools of computer in doing his capital market research, which is quite impossible to do
manually. Use of computer saves his time, ensures accuracy of calculations and works as a
storage of works.

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Sumon Kanthi Baroi, Principal Officer & organizing secretary
Investment Corporation Bangladesh

He said that, ICB has now turned into one of the leading and the fastest growing financial institute of
the country. It offers financial solutions that create, manage and increase our clients’ wealth while
improving the quality of life in the communities we serve. To maintain the confidentiality and
transparency of their activities, computer based data storage is inevitable. So without computer and
highly efficient employees, they can’t run these services. All employees are well conversant with the
usage of computers and related software’s. The entire work of this organization is computer based since
its inception and is guided by the Central Bank (Bangladesh Bank). Its priority aims at transforming
traditional business operation with the aid of cutting-edge technology through the implementation of
Core Banking Software.

Dr. MD Enamul Kabir.

Upazilla Health and Family planning officer, Upazilla Health Complex,
Gouripur, Mymensingh.

In this service sector computers are being used in a very effective manner. The documents of
vaccination, monthly reporting, appointments individual patient records etc. are managed by the
usage of computer. In the community clinic, there are 31 individual computers being used since
2007. Partly computer trainings are being given on MIS reserving. It can be anticipated that
within 10 years or more the condition of physical checking, biometric efficiency will be much
better.

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PART - B
Are there any jobs that you can think of that understanding computer could
not be useful?

In this 21st century, it’s very difficult to find any sector or jobs in where understanding computer
cannot be useful or they don’t use computer.

After analyzing different aspects we think that in grocery store understanding computer cannot
be useful. Because they sell various kinds of product ranging in price from 1 BDT to higher
price. If they try to use computer to record product, or subtract product after selling, it’s very
time consuming and irritating. Because no one will want to record in computer after every selling
which can be worth of 1BDT. And most important thing is as they sell various kinds of product
of different price range, most of the product don’t have any QR code by which a salesman can
scan to store the sale on computer. If they want this sale to computer hey need to type the
product name, price, quantity etc. which will waste many time and will increase inefficiency.
Moreover, freezer foods are hard to scan.

Besides grocery store, we also can say in agricultural sector of our country understanding
computer cannot be useful. Though our country is an agricultural country, here still they use the
old methods to cultivate or grow crops. As most of the farmers of our country is uneducated or
unaware of technology.

We can also see the example of Bangladesh postal service. Postal service in Bangladesh is a
public utility service which works under the Ministry of Post and Telecommunication. They
mainly provide two types of services-mail services and Express services. The mail service
includes sending mostly documents which may include letters, postcard, parcel, newspaper,
book/packet, etc. The delivery time is 2-3 days depending upon the distance and communication
of destination. It can take up to more than 1 month also. Because these works still are done by
the old method. The mails are handled and recorded by the hand. Though they are trying to
digitize the process but it’s very slow.

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Do u think there will be more or fewer those in next five years?
As computer is taking its place in all over the world and in all the sector, we can surely said that
there will be fewer or no sector in which understanding computer won’t help.

If we talk about grocery store, we can expect that it will break down to superstore. The breaking
down has already begun. And in superstore most of the work there are done by computers. If we
talk about marketing, supermarkets use computer to create websites, stunning ads and complete
marketing campaigns. Marketing videos can be edited and custom ads created in-house with the
use of specialized software. Businesses can completely develop and manage websites with their
own servers or connect remotely to a third-party business to upload their latest content such as
articles, product images and blog posts. Not only that, the use computer for accounting. Because
accounting software allows businesses to simply input their financial data and instantly see gains
and losses. All necessary tax reports are available the moment the data is entered. Using
computers for invoicing, managing expenses and calculating payroll is vital for ensuring
financial data is as accurate as possible. They also use computer for documentation and
reporting. They use some sort of productivity software which typically includes a word
processor and spreadsheet application. These two programs allows businesses to create reports,
memos, tutorials and even colorful ads for company events. Spreadsheet applications give
businesses the chance to organize, manage and calculate both numeric and alphabetic data. With
charts and graphs, reporting becomes visual instead of text-based.
And the most important thing is, supermarket use computers to gather customer data. Computers
can identify items that customers regularly buy, how often customers shop and which loyalty
cards they have. Supermarkets use these collected data to create profiles that can help tailor
vouchers, deals and advertisements. Customer profiles can also give an approximation of the
success of promotions and events.
Through computer systems, cashiers in supermarkets are able to accept payment methods in
addition to cash, such as credit card and mobile. Scanner systems and spreadsheet software also
record sold goods automatically to save time and effort that are usually required for manual
inventory keeping. Some supermarkets also feature self-serve scanning systems in which
customers can go through checkout without the need of cashiers. Modern systems are capable of
scanning items through pattern and color recognition, rendering bar codes obsolete.
Now if we talk about agriculture, in next five years maybe there will be a huge use of computer
in this sector. Farm implements such as tractors, fertilizers sprayers have computers that farmers
can program to automatically adjust the amount of fertilizers according to the requirements of
soil and crops which helps in improving soil and higher crop yield. Farmers can use computer
systems to guide the steering on their farm equipment during planting or harvesting; if the
system experiences problems, technicians can diagnose and fix the issues remotely from another
computer.

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In recent times, Bangladesh postal service has also introduced E-services. E-post enables people
to send and receive messages and scanned images through email from these post offices in the
country. Therefore people would be able to send and receive messages without having to possess
an email id themselves. In the next 5 years, the usage of computers in this sector is likely to
increase highly. From recording orders to sending the mail itself, everything would be
computerized. In this way, mistakes are less likely to occur, the mails would reach more quickly
and these mails can even be tracked on the Internet through computers. Hence, the higher usage
of computers will bring about a lot of positive and distinct changes in this sector and will make it
easier for everyone.

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 Conclusion:

Computer technology has been rapidly advancing over the past two decades. Nowadays,
Computer is being used in almost every sectors. Computers are used in so many fields in our
daily life. From Engineers to Doctors, Students, Teachers, government Organization they all use
computers to perform specific tasks, for entertainment or just to finish office work. But if we
look back to 10 years back, we can see a different scenario. Computer was rarely used then. But
now it is almost impossible for an organization, bank or any other company to do their daily
works. In the upcoming future people will become more dependent on computer compared to
today. It is inducted that Computer will take places of man power in near future. Though it has
many disadvantages, we can do our works more quickly and accurately by using computer. So it
is important to increase the usage of Computer in every sector.

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Appendix:
 Referencing:

1. http://smallbusiness.chron.com/uses-computers-business-56844.html
2. https://www.reference.com/business-finance/computers-used-supermarkets-
84a72fa50929bf4d
3. http://www.ehow.com/about_7346689_use-computers-supermarkets.html
4. https://www.bb.org.bd/eservices.php
5. https://www.thrillist.com/eat/nation/33-things-you-learn-working-in-a-grocery-
store
6. http://ask.metafilter.com/198523/A-new-job-or-career-that-has-no-computer-use-
no-sitting-around-in-chairs-and-no-driving-a-van
7. http://www.bangladeshpost.gov.bd/
Thank You