1.

Pope Paul III (1534–49) initiated the Council of Trent (1545–63), which established the
triumph of the papacy over those who sought to reconcile with Protestants or oppose Papal
claims.

2. Total Council 21
3. In 1870, the First Vatican Council proclaimed the dogma of papal infallibility for those
rare occasions the pope speaks ex cathedra when issuing a solemn definition of faith
or morals.[13]
4. In 1929, the Lateran Treaty between the Kingdom of Italy and the Holy
See established Vatican City as an independent city-state, guaranteeing papal independence
from secular rule.[13]
5. In 1950, Pope Pius XII defined the Assumption of Mary as dogma, the only time that a
pope has spoken ex cathedra since papal infallibility was explicitly declared.
6. the last to be elected when not even a priest was Pope Leo X in 1513, and the last to be
elected when not a cardinal was Pope Urban VI in 1378.[90]
7. The last to be elected when not yet a bishop was Pope Gregory XVI in 1831, and
8. The election of the pope almost always takes place in the Sistine Chapel, in a sequestered
meeting called a "conclave"
9. The ring Pope Francis wears bears the image of St. Peter with the keys and was designed
by Enrico Manfrini.
10. Ring: the "Fisherman's Ring" Piscatory Ring
11. Resigned popes: 11 last Three: St Celestine, Gregory XII and Benedict XVI
12. Triregnum, also called the "tiara" or "triple crown", represents the pope's three functions
as "supreme pastor", "supreme teacher" and "supreme priest"
13. The symbolic keys in the Papal coats of arms are a reference to the phrase "the keys of
the kingdom of heaven" in the first of these texts.
14. The First Vatican Council was convoked by Pope Pius IX on 29 June 1868
15. The council, through the Holy See, formally opened under the pontificate of Pope John
XXIII on 11 October 1962 and closed under Pope Paul VI on the Feast of the Immaculate
Conception on 8 December 1965.
16. Pope Urban VII, the shortest-reigning pope Urban VII (15–27 September 1590): reigned
for 13 calendar days, died before coronation.
17. Total popes: 266
18. Saint Popes: 81/ blessed popes: 10/ Venerables: 2 (JP 1 and Pius XII)/ Servants of God: 2
(Benedict Xiii and pius vii)
19. next to st peter: St Linus
20. B. Mariæ Virginis, Ecclesiæ Matris, Blesd Virgin Mary, Mother of the Church March 3,
2018
21. Jorge Mario Bergoglio
22. Antipopes: 42
23. Benedictines: 23
24. St. John Paul II (1978–2005): 26 years, 5 months and 18 days (9,665 days).
25. Mark the Evangelist: pope of Eastern Orthodox Church of Alexandria
26. Apostolic Succession
27. Antipope's residence:
28. Dogma of papal infallibility
29.Recent Apostolic Exhortation: Gaudium Et Exsultate/ Rejoice and be Gald
30.