Heaven's light is our guide

Experiment No :
02
Experiment Name :
Observation Of Polarity Test of a Single Phase Transformer.

Course No :
EEE 2106
Course Name :
Electrical Machine I Sessional

Submitted By : Submitted to & Instructed by:

A. S. M. Abdul Mubin Pijush Chandra Sarker
Department: EEE
Roll: 1601085
Rajshahi University of
Engineering & Technology
Experiment name: Observation of polarity test of a single phase transformer.

Introduction:
Transformer is a machine where electrical energy is transferred from one circuit to another to
change the level of voltage and current without changing frequency and power. Transformers are used
in power systems and for isolation purposes. There is no direct electrical connection between the tow
sides of the transformer. They are linked by magnetic field. The voltage and current of the primary and
secondary side are related by the turns ratio a. They are related as

Here vp = primary side voltage

vs = secondary side voltage
ip = primary side current
is = secondary side current
Np = primary coil turns
Ns = secondary coil turns
a = turns ratio
The turns ratio is fixed when the transformer is manufactured. So we have to connect transformers is
series to get different input output voltage ratio. For this purpose we have to know the polarity of the
transformers otherwise the transformers will oppose each other and power will be wasted. We connect
transformers in such a way that the voltage induced in all coils in one side are additive. Using polarity
test we know how to connect tow or more coils to get desired reslult.

Necessary equipment:
1. Single Phase Transformer
2. Ac Source 220V
3. Ac Voltmeter
4. Connecting Wires
5. Ac Ammeter
6. Variac

Diagram & data:

Circuit diagram and their corresponding

data is given below.

Table 1
Vi(V) Vo(V)
100 200

Fig 1:Series connection in same polarity

Table 2
Vi(V) Vo(V)
100 0

Fig 2: Series connection but opposite polarity

Discussion & conclusion:

It is a must to know the polarity of a transformer to effectively use it in series or parallel with
other transformer to suit the needs of the system. A transformer is not an inactive ac device and
in a sense it does not have polarity but the voltage induced in each of them have polarity. This
polarity must be known to effectively use multiple of them in a system.