© May 2016 | IJIRT | Volume2 Issue 12 | ISSN: 2349-6002

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF REINFORCED

CONCRETE RECTANGULAR SHEAR WALL
G.Amar1, V.Sanjay Gokul2, K.Vamsi Krishna3, D.Rakesh4
Department of Civil Engineering, Dhanekula Institute of Engineering & Technology,
Vijayawada – 521139, Andhra Pradesh

Abstract: - : — Earthquakes are the most critical (torsion) forces. These forces can literally tear (shear)
loading condition for all land based structures a building apart. Shear walls are especially important
located in the seismically active regions. A recent in high-rise buildings subjected to lateral wind and
earthquake in India on January 26th, 2001 caused seismic forces.
considerable damage to a large number of RCC
high-rise buildings and tremendous loss of life. The
reasons were (a) most of the buildings had soft and
weak ground storey that provided open space for
parking, (b) poor quality of concrete in columns, and
(c) poor detailing of the structural design. Therefore,
this incident has shown that designers and structural
engineers should ensure to offer adequate
earthquake resistant provisions with regard to
planning, design and detailing in high rise buildings
to withstand the effect of an earthquake. As an Figure 1. Rectangular Shear Wall
earthquake resistant system, the use of shear walls is
one of the potential options. The use of shear wall- Since shear walls carry large horizontal earthquake
buildings is quite common in some earthquake prone forces, the overturning effects on them are large. Thus,
regions. Shear walls majorly resist the seismic force, design of their foundations requires special attention.
wind forces and even can be build on soils of weak Shear walls should be provided along preferably both
bases by adopting various ground improvement length and width. However, if they are provided along
techniques. only one direction, a proper grid of beams and columns
Key words: Earthquake; Shear Wall; Seismic forces; in the vertical plane (called a moment-resistant frame)
Structural design; Reinforcement. must be provided along the other direction to resist
strong earthquake effects.
I. INTRODUCTION
Shear walls are vertical elements of the horizontal A G+5 Storey Office Building with Shear Walls is
force resisting system. Shear walls are constructed to considered as shown in table below:
counter the effects of lateral load acting on a structure.
In residential construction, shear walls are straight Table 1: Dimensions & Parameters Considered
external walls that typically form a box which
Parameters Dimensions
provides all of the lateral support for the building.
Storey Height 3.35 m
When shear walls are designed and constructed
properly, and they Total Building Height (H) 21.5 m
Floor Area 37 × 12.7 =469.9
will have the strength and stiffness to resist the Depth Of Wall ( ) 4.5 m
horizontal forces. Shear Wall And Slab Thickness 250 mm
Lateral forces caused by wind, earthquake, and Column And Beam Size 350 × 350 mm
uneven settlement loads, in addition to the weight of Materials M 30 & Fe 415
structure and occupants; create powerful twisting
Number Of Shear Walls 2

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 © May 2016 | IJIRT | Volume2 Issue 12 | ISSN: 2349-6002

Building is situated in zone IV.

Zone factor, Z = 0.24
Importance factor, I =1.5
Response reduction factor, R=3

Table 2: Lateral forces and shear calculations

Fig.3 shows the bar chart with gradual increase in
Lateral forces from bottom floor to top floor.

Lateral forces
2000
1500
1000
500
0
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th roof
weight

Fig. 3: Lateral Forces on Each Storey

Fig.4 shows the bar chart with gradual increase in

Shear forces from top floor to bottom floor.

Shear forces
5000
4000
3000

Fig. 2: Office Building Plan and Column Plan 2000

1000
0
II. DESIGN PARAMETERS (AS PER IS
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th
1893:2002)
Design lateral

Fig. 4: Shear Forces on Each Storey

( ) (kN)

force (kN)
Weight

Height

(x106)

Shear
Floor

(kN)

III DESIGN OF RECTANGULAR SHEAR WALL

(m)

FOR AN OFFICE BUILDING

4433. 1614.63
1614.6
6 20.1 1.791
7 4 3
Bending moment and shear force:
4433. 16.7 2735.8
5 1.243 1121.27 Two shear walls are provided in the problem to resist
7 5 3 the seismic forces in each direction.
4433. 3453.4
4 13.4 0.79 717.615
7 3 Table 3: Factored Shear Force & Bending Moment
4433. 10.0 3857.0
3 0.48 403.658
7 5 8
IJIRT4433.
143639 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
4036.4 OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 361
2 6.7 0.19 179.403
7 8
4433.
1 3.35 0.049 44.85 4081
7
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Factored shear force (Vu) 3060.75 KN isometric view:

Factored bending moment 69634.368 KNm
(Mu)
Factored axial load 8869.5 KN
Moment of resistance (Mu) 3052521.1163 KNm

Provide 9 # 20 mm diameter bars @ 450 mm c/c in the

vertical direction in two layers.
Check for shear:
Factored shear force (Vu) = 3060.75 KN
Nominal shear stress ( )=

= 3.4 KN/m2
Design shear stress = 0.50 KN/m2
Nominal shear stress ( ) > Design shear stress (τc)
Hence, horizontal reinforcement needs to be provided.
Provide 44 # 20 mm diameter bars @ 450 mm c/c in
the horizontal direction in two layers.
Fig.6: Isometric View of Structure in Staad-Pro.
Fixed supports are assigned and property is assigned
to the structure. Assigning a property means to provide
dimensions such as width, thickness etc to
• beams
• Columns
• Shear wall
• Slabs etc.

Fig.5: Reinforcement Detailing for Shear Wall

IV. ANALYSIS OF RECTANGULAR SHEAR

WALL USING STAAD-PRO

The shear wall is analysed in staad-pro. Fig 6 showing

geometric Structure of a (G+5) building in an

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Fig. 7: Property to Beams and Columns

Fig.10: Design of Beams

Fig.8: Surface Thickness to Shear Wall

Assigning loads and seismic parameters to the given

building.
Floor loads are given along “Y” range
Minimum: 3.35 m ; Maximum: 16.75 m

Fig.11: Design of Columns

Fig. 9: Assigning of Floor Loads The shear wall is designed as per IS code provisions.

Earthquake loads are assigned to the structure in X and

Z directions and concrete design is done for beams and
columns.

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Fig.12: Shear Wall Design

Fig.14: Deflection along Z-direction

V. RESULTS Deflection along Z-direction:

DEFLECTION:
Deflection along X-direction:
As per IS: 456 CODE, the maximum deflection should
not exceed H/500. Here H / 500 = 21150/500 =
42.3mm
The maximum deflection obtained is 17.036 mm
which is less than 42.3 mm. Hence it is safe from
deflection along X-direction.
As per IS 456:2000 CODE the maximum deflection
should not exceed H/500.Here H / 500 = 21150/500 =
42.3 mm
The maximum deflection obtained is 20.073 mm
which is less than 42.3 mm. Hence it is safe from
deflection along Z-direction.
MODE SHAPES:
A mode shape is a specific pattern
of vibration executed by a mechanical system at a
specific frequency. Different mode shapes will be
associated with different frequencies.

Fig.15: Mode Shape 1 in Dead Load Condition

Fig.13: Deflection along X- direction

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Fig.18: Von-Mises Stress

STRESS: Maximum stress is obtained at the bottom of

the structure. Minimum stress is obtained at the top of
the structure Refer in Fig.18.

VI. SCOPE FOR THE FUTURE WORK

Shear walls are considered to be a gift to the future
construction industry. It’s since their arrival in market
there topic was always a topic of interest. Shear walls
are the structures usually build to balance lateral loads
acting on the structure. Where the lateral loads are
most predominantly wind and earth quake loads. And
predominantly earthquake loads are more intense in
their effect on the building structures. Earthquakes are
Fig.16: Mode Shape 2 in Dead Load Condition
becoming more intense due to the key reason that is
ground water displacement. Hence in order to
overcome the diverse effects of earthquake it’s always
best to save ourselves from future disasters.
Several other subjects related to this research have
been identified that it needs further investigation.
Experimental and analytical research works needed
later are summarized below.

 More research works should be done to find

a better way to simulate the behaviour of
shear walls under cyclic loads. So that the
ductility, the crack development, the failure
region, etc. of this system can be studied in
detail.
 Comparison of analytical results with that of
the experimental results should be studied.
 More types of shear walls and material sets
should be studied as well as laboratory tests
Fig.17: Mode Shape 3 in Dead Load Condition
to backup the numerical results.
 Architectural aspects i.e., effective location
of shear walls in a building should be studied.
VII. CONCLUSION
Thus shear walls are one of the most effective building
elements in resisting lateral forces during earthquake.
By constructing shear walls damages due to effect of
lateral forces due to earthquake and high winds can be
minimized. Shear walls construction will provide
larger stiffness to the buildings there by reducing the
damage to structure and its contents.
Not only had its strength, in order to accommodate
huge number of population in a small area tall

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structured with shear walls are considered to be most
useful.
Hence for a developing nation like India shear wall
construction is considered to be a back bone for
construction industry.
• The maximum lateral displacement at the top
storey due to lateral loads was in control and
in limitations. The check calculated is safe.
• Shear wall is very effective to resist
horizontal forces coming from earthquake
and wind forces etc. in multi-storey structure
if it is properly oriented it will reduce
torsional effect and storey deflection.
International Journal of Engineering
Research and Applications (IJERA), Vol. 2,
Pages 1072-1076.
[9] Medhekar,m.s., and jain, s.k. (1993),
“seismic behavior, design and detailing of
RC shear walls, Part I : Behaviour and
strength”, The Indian Concrete Journal,
pages:311-318.
[10] Medhekar,m.s., and jain, s.k. (1993),
“seismic behavior, design and detailing of
RC shear walls, Part II : Design and
detailing” , The Indian Concrete Journal,
Pages : 451-457.

REFERENCES:
[1] Pankaj Agarwal in his “Earthquake Resistant
design structures”
[2] S.K. Duggal in his “Earth quake resistant
design of structures” Pg no: 301, 8.12 about
Shear walls.
[3] S.K. Duggal in his “Earth quake resistant
design of structures” pg.no:305, 8.14.1 (case:
1, case: 2) about flexural strength.
[4] IS 456:2000As per clause 32, design for wall
describes, design of horizontal shear in clause
32.4 given details of how shear wall have to
be constructed.IS 1893:2002 (part 1), Criteria
of Earth Quake resistant design of structures
page 24, clause 7.7 gives the Estimation of
earth quake loads.
[5] In IS: 13920:1993 it gives the ductile
detailing of shear wall as per clause 9, where
9.1 gives general requirements.9.2 shear
strength9.3 gives flexural strength
[6] Ductile detailing, as per the code IS:
13920:1993 is considered very important as
the ductile detailing gives the amount of
reinforcement required and the alignment of
bars.
[7] Anshuman. S, Dipendu Bhunia, Bhavin
Ramjiyani(2011), ““Solution of shear wall
location in Multi-storey building”,
International Journal of Civil Engineering,
Vol. 9, Pages 493-506.
[8] P.S.Kumbhare, A.C.Saoji (2012),
“Effectiveness of changing shear wall
Location on Multi-storeyed Building”,

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