Chemistry 1110 Gas Laws Worksheet

I. Perform the following unit conversions

23.5 °C to K 2.35 atm to mm Hg 2950 K to °C

23.5 + 273.15= 296.65 K (2.35 atm)*(760 mm Hg/1 atm) = 2950-273.15 =
1786 mm Hg 2676.85 °C

- 69.5 °C to K 0.200 L to mL 450 mm Hg to atm

-69.5 + 273.15 = 203.65 K (0.200 L)*(1000 mL/1L)=200 mL (450mmHg)*(1atm/760mmHg)
= 0.592 atm

II. Perform the following calculation, and match the question to the individual gas law it is
referencing. Assume any variable not listed is held constant.

If the initial pressure and volume of a balloon is
2.85 L at 1.00 atm, what is the pressure required
to compress the balloon to a volume of 1.70 L?
P1V1 = P2V2 (Boyle’s Law)
(1.00 atm)(2.85 L) = P2(1.70 L)
P2 = 1.68 atm
An aerosol can has an internal pressure of 3.85
atm at 25 °C. What temperature would cause
the can to become materially compromised (i.e.
potentially explode) by reaching the pressure of
6.50 atm? (Gay-Lussac’s Law)
P1/T1 = P2/T2
(3.85 atm/298.15K)=(6.50 atm/T2)
T2 = 503.37 K = 230 °C

What is the mass of CH4 in a sample that

occupies a volume of 16.5 L at STP? (Use your
molar mass to convert from moles to grams)
(Avogadro’s Law)
(1 mole/22.5L) = (X moles/16.5 L)
X = 0.733 moles
(0.733 mol CH4)*(16.05 g CH4/mol CH4)=
11.77 g CH4
A balloon has a volume of 43.0 L at 20 C. What
is its volume at -5 °C? (Charles’s Law)
V1/T1 = V2/T2
(43.0 L/293.15K) = V2/(268.15K)
V2 = 39.3 L

III. A sample of gas has a volume of 735 mL at a pressure of 1.20 atm and a temperature of 112 °C.
112° C = 385.15 K
a) What is the volume of the gas at 658 mm Hg and 281 K? 658 mm Hg = 0.866 atm
P1 = 1.20 atm V1 = 735 mL T1 = 385.15 K P2 = 0.866 atm T2 = 281 K

P1V1 P2V2 P1V1T2 (1.20 atm)(735 mL)(281 K)

= V2 = V2 = = 743 mL
T1 T2 P2T1 (0.866 atm)(385.15 K)

b) What is the temperature of the gas at 549 mL and 3.29 atm?

P1 = 1.20 atm V1 = 735 mL T1 = 385.15 K V2 = 549 mL P2 = 3.29 atm
P1V1 P2V2 P2V2T1 (3.29 atm)(549 mL)(385.15 K)
= T2 = T2 = = 788.73 K = 515.6 ºC
T1 T2 P1V1 (1.20 atm)(735 mL)
 2

IV. Answer the following questions using the Ideal Gas Law

If 18.0 g O2 has a temperature of 350 K and a pressure of 550 mm Hg, what is its volume?
18 g O2 1 mole O2 nRT
* = 0.5625 moles O2 PV = nRT V=
32 g O2 P
550 mm Hg 1 atm (0.05625 moles)(0.0821 L*atm/mole*K)(350K)
* = 0.724 atm V=
760 mm Hg 0.724 atm
V = 22.3 L
Determine the molar mass of a gas if an 11.6 g sample of it occupies 855 mL at 1.20 atm and 18 °C.
(Hint: the molar mass has units of grams/mole.) 855 mL = 0.855 L 18 ºC = 291.15 K
PV (1.29 atm)(0.855 L)
R = 0.0821 L*atm/mole*K PV = nRT n= =
RT (0.0821 L*atm/mole*K)(291.15 K)
n = 0.046 moles
(11.6 g/0.046 moles) = 251.39 g/mole
Aluminum sulfide reacts with water to form aluminum hydroxide and hydrogen sulfide as follows:
Al2S3(s) + 6 H2O(l)
2 Al (OH)3(s) + 3 H2S(g)

(a) Breanne dissolves 5.70 g of aluminum sulfide in water. How many moles of H2S(g) will be
produced? Al2S3 = 150.17 g/mole

5.70 g Al2S3 1 mole Al2S3 3 moles H2S

* * = 0.1139 moles H2S
150.17 g Al2S3 1 mole Al2S3
(b) The gas is collected in a 2.5-L container at 21.5 ºC. What is the pressure of the H2S(g) in this
container? 21.5 ºC = 294.65 K
nRT (0.1139 moles)(0.0821 L*atm/mole*K)(294.65 K)
PV = nRT P= = = 1.10 atm
V 2.5 L

A standard volcano demonstration at an elementary school employs the following reaction:

2 C2H4O2(aq) + Na2CO3(s)
2 C2H3O2Na(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

If the demonstrator starts with 20 g of dissolved C2H4O2 in water, what volume of CO2 gas will be
produced at 298 K and 0.95 atm pressure?
20 g C2H4O2 1 mole C2H4O2 1 mole CO2
* * = 0.167 moles CO2
60 g C2H4O2 2 mole C2H4O2

nRT (0.167 moles)(0.0821 L*atm/mole*K)(298 K)

PV = nRT V= = = 4.30 L CO2
P 0.95 atm

V. A mixture of gases contains 1.25 moles of N2, 2.05 moles H2, and 3.63 moles NH3. If the total
pressure of the mixture is 2.35 atm, what is the partial pressure of each component?

ntot = Total moles = 1.25 + 2.05 + 3.63 = 6.93 moles

nA/ntot = Pa/Ptot (nA/ntot)*Ptot = Pa

Mole fraction N2 = 1.25/6.93 moles = 0.180 0.180*2.35 atm= 0.424 atm N2

Mole fraction H2 = 2.05/6.93 moles = 0.296 0.296*2.35 atm = 0.695 atm H2
Mole fraction NH3 = 3.63/6.93 moles = 0.524 0.524*2.35 = 1.23 atm NH3