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2/17/2018 Important Answers and Solved Problems: Fluid Mechanics - Pumps - study Material lecturing Notes assignment reference wiki description expla…
PUMPS
If the mechanical energy is converted into pressure energy by means of centrifugal force cutting on the fluid, the hydraulic machine is
called centrifugal pump.
Suction head is the vertical height of the centre lines of the centrifugal pump above the water surface in the tank or pump from which
water is to be lifted. This height is also called suction lift and is denoted by hs.
The vertical distance between the center line of the pump and the water surface in the tank to which water is delivered is known as
delivery head. This is denoted by hd.
The sum of suction head and delivery head is known as static head. This is represented by 'Hs' and is written as,
Hs = hs+ hd
iii) Suction pipe,strainer & Foot valve iv) Delivery pipe & Delivery valve
The delivery valve is closed and the suction pipe, casing and portion of the delivery pipe upto delivery valve are completely filled
with the liquid so that no air pocket is left. This is called as priming.
a. when the impellers are connected in series ( or on the same shaft) high head can be developed.
b. When the impellers are in parallel (or pumps) large quantity of liquid can be discharged.
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The specific speed of a centrifugal pump is defined as the speed of a geometrically circular pump which would deliver one cubic meter of
liquid per second against a head of one meter. It is denoted by 'Ns'.
Characteristic curves of centrifugal pumps are defined those curves which are plotted from the results of a number of tests on the
centrifugal pump.
12. Why are centrifugal pumps used sometimes in series and sometimes in parallel?
The centrifugal pumps used sometimes in series because for high heads and in parallel for high discharge
t is defined as the ratio of the power actually delivered by the impeller to the power supplied to the shaft.
Speed ratio: It is the ratio of peripheral speed at outlet to the theoretical velocity of jet corresponding to manometric head.
Flow ratio: It is the ratio of the velocity of flow at exit to the theoretical velocity of jet corresponding to manometric head.
17.. Define Slip of reciprocating pump. When the negative slip does occur?
The difference between the theoretical discharge and actual discharge is called slip of the pump.
But in sometimes actual discharge may be higher then theoretical discharge, in such a case coefficient of discharge is greater then
unity and the slip will be negative called as negative slip.
Indicator diagram is nothing but a graph plotted between the pressure head in the cylinder and the distance traveled by the piston from
inner dead center for one complete revolution of the crank
It is defined phenomenon of formation of vapor bubbles of a flowing liquid in a region where the pressure of the liquid falls below its
vapor pressure and the sudden collapsing of theses vapor bubbles in a region of high pressure.
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Rotary pumps resemble like a centrifugal pumps in appearance. But the working method differs. Uniform discharge and positive
displacement can be obtained by using these rotary pumps, It has the combined advantages of both centrifugal and reciprocating
pumps.
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