Table 8.

Damage in Infrastructure, Belongings and Properties

Variables Correlated Spearman Verbal P α Verbal

Value Description value Description
Degree of Damage and Disaster .183 Negative .004 0.01
Plan correlation Significant
Degree of Damage and .075 Negative .276 0.01
Disaster Supply Kit Correlation Not Significant
Degree of Damage and Trained .042 Negative .548 0.01
member in First Aid Correlation
Not Significant
Degree of Damage and .107 Negative .123 0.01
Communication Gadget used correlation Not Significant
during Disaster
Degree of Damage and List of -.118 Negative .044 0.05
Hotline Number in case of correlation Significant
catastrophic event
Degree of Damage and .218 Low/Slight .001 0.01
Evacuation Plan Correlation Significant
Degree of Damage and .077 Negative .268 0.01
Transportation Correlation Not Significant
Degree of Damage and Contact .139 Negative .022 0.05
Person during Natural Disasters correlation Significant

Degree of Damage to Infrastructure and Status of Family Disaster Preparedness

The damage in infrastructure, belongings and properties denotes to injury to real

or personal property through some act of nature that includes destruction to an estate

property or any other possession and often left today’s families faced difficult times due

to loss of parental employment, relocation, divorced, death of a family member and other

catastrophic events that created stress for all members of the family as cited in the study

of Assessing Damage after Disasters (2007). In terms of degree of damage to life a total

of 192 respondents labeled their answers in the questionnaire to none damage while 182

of the respondents categorized mild damage to life (minor injuries that consisted cuts,

laceration, abrasions, bruises and sprain)

 In this study, the correlation between the degree of damage in infrastructure,

belongings and properties and status of family disaster preparedness were statistically

significant in terms of disaster plan with a (p value=0. 004) which means that some

families living in Dumaguete City has disaster plans which they may perhaps able to

ensure that their fundamental functions and essential services continue operating in case

of a disaster and at the earliest time possible which involves having strategies, process

and procedures that are related to being ready to recover and ensure business continuity

in regards to industrial infrastructure that a family runs on, in the disastrous event of a

calamity and but with developing the plan may be time consuming but the benefits

heavily outweigh the cost if any natural disaster befall.

It was completely revealed in the study of Menne et al., (2013) that the

government in Europe had prepared a disaster strategy that consisted primary prevention

emergency plans and other methods to reduce the effects of floods, like land use

management; tree planting; control of water sources and flow, including drainage

systems; flood defenses and barriers; design and architectural strategies; and flood

insurance. Secondary prevention included identification of vulnerable or high-risk

populations before floods occur, early warning systems, evacuation plans including

communication and information strategies, and planned refuge areas. Tertiary measures

included moving belongings to safe areas, ensuring the provision of clean drinking-water,

surveillance and monitoring of health impacts, treating ill people to reduce the health

impacts of flooding, and recovery and rehabilitation of flooded houses so it is therefore

inevitable to plan and be prepared in the case of any natural disaster also helps save to

time for a quick action in case of an emergency and these helps reduce panic and chaos
which would otherwise be present when the disaster happens and that more lives and

assets can be saved from the act, thus save money too as well as having safety measures

and tools put in place for these disaster prone areas should be first priority. Since most of

these disasters can happen in our homes and living territories, people also need to be

refined on safety measures to embrace them and in this way less damage and deaths will

be recorded even though it is hard to avoid or foresee these unfortunate events.

Overall, the data gathered showed that 111 of the respondents do not have a fully

documented disaster recovery plan, while 99 of other respondents admitted that they have

disaster plan and the most common natural calamity that they have experienced was

earthquake with 172 respondents who checked from the questionnaire which then

followed by typhoon with 171 respondents and 144 respondents who experienced

typhoon. In terms of severity of the damage, 111 respondents labeled their answers with

none damage followed by moderate damage (minor damage to housing only damage to

properties and belongings and properties) which accounted 47 respondents and 41

respondents who answered mild damage (minor damage to housing roofs that needs

minor repair damage to belongings and properties) and 11 respondents who labeled

severe damage (Unlivable housing; damage to properties and belongings and properties)

to infrastructure, belongings and properties.

Next variable that correlated was the degree of damage and list of hotline number

in case of catastrophic event with (pvalue= 0.044) which accounts 49 of all the

respondents answered no while on the other hand, there were 161 respondents who

answered yes that means that most of the families anytime can have an access with

different local institutions titled to serve the people when any natural disaster occurs
which provides 24/7 medical or other select emergency coordination and assistance

services and with that it gives the public a more streamlined and simpler service as well

as enabling new possibilities for the emergency services to do their job better with closer

cooperation and coordination than before. In addition, in the study of Hooke et al. and

Rogers et al. (2005) as cited in Alrazeeni et al. (2015) pointed out that having well

integrated systems of preparedness is important in reducing the impact of disasters upon

affected individuals in the community and it was stated in the Philippine’s constitution

under republic act 10639 (2014) that in order to protect its citizenry in the events of

natural or man- made disasters and calamities it shall likewise exhaust all people means

to notify and informs its constituents of the impending disasters to prevent injuries,

destruction and loss of lives and properties.

Evacuation plan refers to urgent immediate escape of people away from an area

that contains an impending threat, an ongoing threat or a hazard to lives or property. Data

showed that the degree of damage and evacuation plan resulted significant finding with

(pvalue= 0.001) which denotes and that the respondents has a plan evacuating when

natural disaster strikes. On the other hand, having an evacuation plan it is easier to

identify ahead of time where to go and during this time many children will be taught

basic life skills and with that children also given an opportunity to learn. And throughout

the planning, discovery of unrecognized hazardous conditions that would aggravate an

emergency situation that may bring deficiencies, such as the lack of resources or items

that can be fixed before an emergency occurs and may take an action to eliminate

them. So therefore, the lack of evacuation plan could lead to severe losses such as

multiple casualties and possible financial collapse of families in the community.

 Lastly, was the contact person which means any contact person that can be

immediately be contact during a natural disaster. The degree of damage and contact

person during natural disasters resulted significant finding with (pvalue= 0.022) which

indicates that some of the families residing in Dumaguete City have contact person

specifically with their relatives as the first contact person and that anytime they can

evacuate and transfer to a safer place as soon as possible. A total of 191 respondents

answered yes which indicates that they have contact person with their relatives and only

19 respondents answered no which means they don’t have contact person when a

disastrous event arise. Therefore, most of the families preferably contact first their

relatives to be able to evacuate.

Table 9. Degree of Damage to Life and Status of Disaster Preparedness

Variables Correlated Spearman Verbal P value ∝ Verbal
Value Description Description
Degree of Damage and .023 Negative .368 0.01 Not Significant
Disaster Plan Correlation
Degree of Damage and .062 Negative .185 0.01 Not Significant
Disaster Supply Kit Correlation
Degree of Damage and .111 Perfect .055 0.05 Significant
Trained member in Correlation
First Aid
Degree of Damage and .037 Negative .298 0.05 Not Significant
Communication Correlation
Gadget used during
Disaster
Degree of Damage and .018 Negative .398 0.05 Not Significant
List of Hotline Correlation
Number in case of
catastrophic event
Degree of Damage and .088 Negative .103 0.05 Not Significant
Evacuation Plan Correlation
Degree of Damage and .063 Negative .180 0.01 Not Significant
Transportation Correlation
Degree of Damage and .048 Negative .245 0.05 Not Significant
Contact Person during Correlation
Natural Disasters
 Degree of Damage to life and Status of Family Disaster Preparedness. The

damage to life for disaster preparedness can make an enormous impact in our community

and one of the biggest and worst effects to human life because unfortunately escaping a

to any natural disaster is nearly impossible. Hundreds and thousands of people are killed

yearly when a disastrous event occurs. This is one way to measure how well our

community worked together in preventing mortality rate during a catastrophe from rising.

The reactions of our residents during these dreadful events will dictate how we are able to

preserve life as the event unfolds.

In this study, it showed that there was only one correlated variable which was

degree of damage and trained member in first aid with (pvalue= .055) which indicates

that the respondents had first aid training who either, is living within the household or

they themselves have gone through the program conducted by different local institutions

within the community and this exhibits their ability in the acquired knowledge and

preserving life. With trained member in first aid it enable to assist persons who become

injured in the event of an accident or emergency situation until help arrives and

knowledge in first aid also benefits the individuals themselves that can be applied in the

home, the workplace or in public locations.

Furthermore, it was evaluated in the study of Gajbhiye et al. (2011), that disaster

awareness in educational institutions had the following advantages: it provided

contemporary and relevant information about local environments, it prepared people for

participation in both pre and post disaster activities of the affected/vulnerable community,
it contributed past experience with recent developments in technology to combat disaster,

it helped develop effective domain abilities for collective work as successful disaster

management efforts involved effective teamwork and spirit and it promoted informed

decision-making in the event of a disaster which then widen the knowledge of the people

in the community. Therefore, if members of the family are train in first aid they become

more safety aware, helping bring down the number of accidents which save lives,

particularly where there are grave injuries and it is critical that immediate action is taken.