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Agenda
Introduction
History
What is SCADA?
Why SCADA?
Definitions of SCADA
SCADA Software
Classifications of a SCADA system
Elements of SCADA system?
Where is SCADA used?
What types of SCADA are there?
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History
1971 first PLC
1990 software graphical display, windows
1980 Communication integration, High-speed
networks and communication systems
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What is SCADA?
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
Supervisory
Operator/s, engineer/s, supervisor/s, etc
Control
Monitoring
Limited
Telemetry
Remote/Local
Data acquisition
Access and acquire information or data from the
equipment
Sends it to different sites through telemetry
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Analog / Digital
Why SCADA?
Saves Time and Money
Less traveling for workers
Reduces man-power needs
Increases production efficiency of a company
Cost effective for power systems
Saves energy
Reliable
Supervisory control over a particular system
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Definitions
HMI Human Machine Interface
The operator interface, in the form of process graphic
displays and historical trends.
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SCADA software
SCADA software involves much more than a set of
engineering drawings; the application software for a
SCADA project involves:
• spreadsheets,
• design documents,
• user reference manual material and
• detailed program information
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PLC software
IEC 61131-3 PLC programming language standard.
Defines:
• Ladder diagram (graphical)
• Function block diagram (graphical)
• Structured text (textual)
• Instruction list (textural)
• Sequential function chart
• Continuous function chart
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Classifications
Anatomy of a SCADA system?
Elements of SCADA
Levels of SCADA
Where is SCADA used?
Different applications of SCADA systems?
What types of SCADA are there?
Component manufacturers and system manufacturers
of the SCADA systems?
Automation Solutions
Software
Hardware 10
Elements of SCADA
Elements of a SCADA system
Sensors and actuators
RTUs/PLCs
Communication
MTU
Front End Processor
SCADA server
Historical/Redundant/Safety Server
HMI computer
HMI software
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Sensors / Actuators
Types of sensors: Actuators:
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Alarms
Types of alarms:
Good alarms
Critical failure alarms
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Safety instrumented systems
Actions:
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PLCs
PLC – Programmable Logic Controller
Ladder logic
Industrial computer that replaced relays
Not a protocol converter
Cannot control IEDs
Communication compatibilities
Takes actions based on its inputs
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Communication
Communication systems:
Token ring
Start topology
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Communication ...
Protocols:
MODBUS
DNP 3.0
Fieldbus
Controller Area Network (CAN)
Profibus
DirectNet
TCP/IP
Ethernet 19
Communication ...
Levels:
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Communication ...
Media Standards:
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Communication ...
Protocols:
Should be OPEN communication protocols
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SCADA server
SCADA Server
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Distributed Database
A structured set of data held in a computer that may
be stored in multiple computers, located in the
same physical location; or may be dispersed over a
network of interconnected computers.
Charateristics
Replication
Duplication
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HMI Computer
Human Machine Interface Computer
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CC
CC – Centralized Control
All sensors, actuators, and other equipment within
the facility are connected to a single controller or
group of controllers located in a common control
room
Subordinate to SCADA
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DCS
DCS – Distributed Control System
Process oriented – tendency to do something
Not event oriented – does not depend on circumstances
Local control over the devices
Subordinate to SCADA
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Generations of SCADA
First. Monolithic SCADA systems. FIELD
SCADA standalone systems with virtually no
connectivity to other system.
Devices
RTUs / PLCs
Sensors
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Generations of SCADA …
Second. Distributed SCADA systems.
TELECOMUNICATIONS
SCADA distributed systems use miniaturization
and Local Area Networking (LAN)
Improve redundancy and reliability of the system
as a whole.
Fiber
Radio
Telephone line
Protocols
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Generations of SCADA …
Third. Networked SCADA systems.
It is the second generation plus with an open
system architecture, open standards and protocols.
Uses wide area network (WAN)
Operator Workstations
Control
Engineering Workstations
Servers – Data logging
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Generations of SCADA …
Fourth. Internet of things. IoT
is the interconnection of uniquely identifiable
embedded computing devices within the existing
Internet infrastructure
Corporate LAN/WAN
World Wide Web
Virtual Private Network
Firewall for remote users
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Where is SCADA used?
Main SCADA applications:
Water and Wastewater
Power
Oil and Gas
Research facilities
Transportation
Security systems
Siren systems
Irrigation
Communication control 34
SCADA examples
SCADA examples:
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Gas SCADA
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Water SCADA
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Power SCADA
power 38
control
SCADA system types
Three types of basic SCADA systems:
Basic SCADA
One machine process
One RTU and MTU
Integrated SCADA
Multiple RTUs
DCS
Networked SCADA
Multiple SCADA 39
Basic SCADA
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Integrated SCADA
Water systems
Subway systems
Security systems
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Networked SCADA
Power systems
Communication
systems
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Automation solutions
SCADA system manufacturers
Modular SCADA, UK
MOSCAD, Motorola
Rockwell Automation
ABCO
ABB
Lantronix
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SCADA Hardware
SCADA Hardware manufacturers
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SCADA Software
SCADA Software manufacturers
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