CAST IRON

The specification covers the requirements of cast iron for engineering purposes
regarding its process of manufacture, chemical composition, moulding, freedom
from defects, different tests, inspections, etc. Cast irons typically contain 2-4 wt%
of carbon with a high silicon concentrations and a greater concentration of
impurities than steels.

SCOPE:--

Cast iron is mainly used in buildings or construction work to make manhole

covers, manhole frames, pipes, fitting works etc.

Cast iron is also used for construct structural members.

DESCRIPTION:--

Cast irons are mainly of two types:-

(1)Grey cast iron

(2)White cast iron

A high cooling rate and a low carbon equivalent favours the formation of white
cast iron whereas a low cooling rate or a high carbon equivalent promotes grey cast
iron.

GREY CAST IRON

GREY IRON CASTING:--

Grey iron castings shall comply fully with I. S. 210-1962.The maximum
phosphorous and sulphur may be specified by engineer if so required for a particular
job.
All cast iron used on the work shall be of the best, tough, close grained, grey metal,
clean, sound without admixture of deleterious matter and castings true to section
with the required thickness of metal throughout conforming to design, free from air
holes, sand holes, flaws, distortions or defects of any kind and with sharp or rounded
edges where so shown on plans and with an even surface.
The fracture should show a uniformly diffused dark grey colour having a good
lustre.
It shall be sufficiently soft to admit of being cut by either chisel or drill and shall be
machinable by the normal methods for the grade of iron concerned.
The castings shall be true to pattern in form and dimensions, out of windings, with
sharp arises, free from pouring faults, sponginess, cracks, blow holes and other
defects in positions affecting their strength and value for the service intended.
Castings shall be boldly filled at angles and the curves shall be perfect as shown in
the plans.
The parts requiring machining shall have to be oversize so that dimensions of the
machined and finished parts may conform to those shown in the plans.
Stopping or plugging with lead, putty or paint shall be prohibited. Casting shall not
be painted until they have been passed by the engineer.
MALLEABLE IRON CASTING:--
Malleable iron castings shall comply with I. S. 2107-1962 and 2108-1962 and
additional provisions included in specification no. A.13-2.
Cast iron equipments are such as:-
Manhole covers (IS: 1726)
Manhole frames (IS: 1726)
Cast iron pipes –Rainwater pipes (IS: 1230-1979*)

CAST IRON, MANHOLE COVERS:-

MATERIAL NORMAL SIZE OR
THICHNESS(mm)
(1)Double triangular (HD) 500
 600
(2)Cingular(HD) 500
560
(3)Cingular(MD) 500
560
(4)Rectangular(MD)
(5)Rectangular(LD)
Single seal(pattern 1)
(pattern 2)
Double Seal
(6)Square (LD)
Single Seal 455
610
Double Seal 455
610
CAST IRON, MANHOLE FRAMES:-
MATERIAL NORMAL SIZE OR
THICHNESS(mm)
(1)Double triangular (HD) 500
560
(2)Cingular(HD) 500
560
(3)Cingular(MD) 500
560
(4)Rectangular(MD)
(5)Rectangular(LD)
Single seal(pattern 1)
(pattern 2)
Double Seal
(6)Square (LD)
Single Seal 455
610
Double Seal 455
 610
CAST IRON PIPES:-
These pipes are most extensively used for conveyance of water. They are generally
classified into four categories according to pressure they can withstand; class A, B,
C and D. Class “A” can withstand a pressure of 60m ahead, “B” of 120m, “C” of
180m and those of “D” of 240m ahead. CI pipes as joined to each other by any one
of the three joints- bell and spigot joint, expansion joints or flanged joints.

Though the pipes are strong and durable, the breakages are large; service
connections with these pipes can be easily made. The usual life of CI pipes under
normal conditions is 100 years or so.
RAIN WATER PIPES :- (IS: 1230-1079*)

MATERIAL NORMAL SIZE OR

THICKNESS (mm)
Socket & Spigot pipes-
(1)Standard overall length 1.8m with 550
socket 75
100
125
150
(2)Standard overall length 1.8m with 50
socket 75
100
125
150

STORAGE:--
Cast iron shall be stored above ground surface upon platforms, skids or other
supports to avoid surface deterioration by direct contact wit undesirable elements
or by exposure to conditions producing corrosion.
TESTS:--
Tests shall comply with I.S. 210-1962.
MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT:-
When required to be measured, measurement shall be by weight with quintal or
tonne as the unit. Weight shall be correct up to 0.1 kg.