Final Report-Volume-III For Bina-Guna Pkg-1 (Structures From CH 977 (1) .3 Km. To CH 1095.0 KM.)

FINAL REPORT ON:
GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR

DOUBLING OF BINA-GUNA (Pkg-1: 118.37 Kms)
SECTION OF WEST CENTRAL RAILWAY
IN THE STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH
SHALLOW BOREHOLES ALONG WITH FCBR TEST

VOLUME-III RESULTS FROM CH: 977.3 TO CH: 1095.0 KMS.
Submitted to:
M/s. URS Scott Wilson India Pvt. Ltd.

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CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job No. 211191A-III Sheet No. ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sheet No.
1.0 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................... 1
1.1 Project Description 1
1.2 Purposes of Study 1
1.3 Report Format 2
2.0 FIELD INVESTIGATION ............................................................................... 4
2.1 Soil Borings 4
2.2 Field California Bearing Ratio Test 5
2.3 Groundwater 6
3.0 LABORATORY TESTS ................................................................................ 6
4.0 GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS .................................................................... 7

4.1 Site Stratigraphy 7
4.2 Groundwater 8
5.0 CONCEPTS FOR FOUNDATION ANALYSIS .............................................. 8
5.1 General 8
5.2 Open Foundations on Soils 8
5.3 Definition of Gross and Net Bearing Pressure 10
6.0 FOUNDATION ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .......................... 11
6.1 General 11
6.2 Liquefaction Susceptibility Assessment 11
6.3 Foundation Type and Depth 12
6.4 Recommended Net Allowable Bearing Pressures 12
7.0 FIELD CBR TEST RESULTS ..................................................................... 15
8.0 FOUNDATION CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS ............................. 15

8.1 Foundation Level Preparation 15
8.2 Plinth Protection and Drainage 16
8.3 Variability In Sub-surface Condition 16
9.0 SUMMARY OF PRINCIPAL FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 16
10.0 CLOSURE................................................................................................... 17
CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job No. 211191A-III Sheet No. iii
TABLES
Table No.
Soil Profile 1 to 23
Engineering Description of Soils 24
Uncertainity of Laboratory Test Results 25
ILLUSTRATIONS
Fig. No.
Plan of Field Investigation 1a

Satellite Image 1b
Schematic Diagram for Soil Stabilization 2
Summary of Borehole Profiles 3a to 3w
Field CBR Test Results 4a to 4j
Grain Size Analysis Test Results 5a to 5w
Shear Test Results 6a to 6e
Typical Calculations – Sheets Nos. 1 to 8
-----------------------------------------------------------
CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job No. 211191A-III Sheet No. 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Description
M/s. Rail Vikas Nigam Limited is planning for doubling along with
electrification of Bina-Guna and Kota-Ruthiyai Section on Bina-
Salpura-Kota route of Bhopal and Kota Division of West Central
Railway in the state of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. M/s. URS
Scott Wilson India Private Limited is the Detailed Project Report (DPR)
consultant.
The total length of the proposed Bina-Guna and Kota-Ruthiyai

Section has been divided into two packages as under:
Package-1 : Bina -Guna : 118.370 Kms.
Package-2 : Kota-Ruthiyai : 164.206 Kms.
M/s. Cengrs Geotechnica Pvt. Ltd. has carried out the

Geotechnical Investigations for Bridges and other structures along the
proposed Bina-Guna and Kota-Ruthiyai Section. The work is being
carried out under M/s. URS Scott Wilson India Private Limited Work
Order No. N1958/55, dated 23rd December, 2011.
1.2 Purposes of Study
The overall purposes of this study are to investigate the

stratigraphy along Bina-Guna Section of the railway line and to
develop geotechnical recommendations for foundation design and
construction of different structures.
To accomplish these purposes, the study for the Bina-Guna

Section was conducted in the following phases:
(i) drilling thirty five (35) boreholes at eight (8) bridge locations to
depths as specified by client;
(ii) drilling twenty three (23) boreholes along Bina-Guna Section of

the railway line for design of the signaling poles to about 3 m
depth or refusal, whichever is earlier;
(iii) conducting ten (10) field California bearing ratio (FCBR) tests to
determine subgrade characteristics of soil;
(iv) testing selected soil/rock samples in the laboratory to determine

pertinent index and engineering properties of the soils/rocks;
and
(v) analyzing all field and laboratory data to develop preliminary

geotechnical recommendations for foundations of the various
structures to be constructed.
The scope of work along the Kota-Ruthiyai Section (Package-2)

is as follows:
(i) drilling seventy seven (77) boreholes at twenty one (21) bridge
locations to depths as specified by client;
(ii) drilling thirty three (33) boreholes along Kota-Ruthiyai Section of

the railway line for design of the signaling poles to about 3 m
depth or refusal, whichever is earlier;
(iii) conducting thirty (30) field California bearing ratio (FCBR) tests
to determine subgrade characteristics of soil;
1.3 Report Format
This report for the Bina-Guna Section of the railway line is

presented in three volumes, as described below:
Volume No. Contents

Volume-I Structures from Ch: 977.1 Km. to Ch: 1035.3 Km.
Volume-II Structures from Ch: 1037.5 Km. to Ch: 1075.2 Km.
Shallow boreholes along Bina-Guna Section of the
Volume-III railway line for design of the signaling poles including
FCBR test results (from Ch: 977.3 Km. to Ch: 1095.0 Km.)
The report for the Kota-Ruthiyai Section shall be presented in

four (4) volumes under Job No. 211191B.
This report designated as Volume-III present the field and

laboratory results of twenty three (23) shallow boreholes and ten (10)
FCBR tests conducted along Bina-Guna Section of the railway line for
design of the signaling poles from Ch: 977.3 kms to Ch: 1095.0 kms.
The initial sections of this report present brief description of the

field work methodology together with list of various laboratory tests
conducted. The concepts for foundation analysis are then briefly
discussed. This is followed by our recommendations for open
foundations at the various borehole locations along Bina-Guna Section
of the railway line for design of the signaling poles from Ch: 977.3 kms
to Ch: 1095.0 kms . The foundation construction considerations are
then presented. The report closes with a summary of the principal
findings and recommendations.
Details of the shallow boreholes along Bina-Guna Section of the

railway line for design of the signaling poles from Ch: 977.3 kms to
Ch: 1095.0 kms, which are included in this report volume (Volume-III)
are tabulated below:
Chainage, Test Reduced Termination

S. No.
km Designation Level, RL, m Depth, m
1 977.3 BH-1 404.761 3.45 m
2 982.1 BH-2 420.571 3.45 m
3 987.1 BH-3 413.539 3.45 m
4 992.1 BH-4 402.219 2.85 m
5 997.7 BH-5 384.734 3.45 m
6 1003.1 BH-6 400.825 3.38 m
7 1008.1 BH-7 417.801 3.05 m
8 1012.7 BH-8 423.744 0.52 m
9 1017.7 BH-9 427.288 1.25 m
10 1024.7 BH-10 442.110 1.35 m
11 1028.2 BH-11 438.325 3.38 m
12 1035.1 BH-12 449.220 0.60 m
13 1041.8 BH-13 452.435 3.45 m
14 1045.0 BH-14 480.648 3.15 m
15 1055.0 BH-15 518.202 3.45 m
16 1061.8 BH-16 519.455 3.45 m
Chainage, Test Reduced Termination

S. No.
km Designation Level, RL, m Depth, m
17 1066.5 BH-17 509.727 3.45 m
18 1072.0 BH-18 505.645 0.62 m
19 1075.6 BH-19 468.651 3.45 m
20 1081.0 BH-20 488.003 0.25 m
21 1085.0 BH-21 495.996 3.45 m
22 1091.0 BH-22 487.500 3.45 m
23 1095.0 BH-23 477.297 0.95 m
Details of the field California bearing ratio tests conducted along

Bina-Guna Section of the railway line are as follows:
S. No. Chainage, km Test Designation

1 981.9 FCBR-1
2 987.1 FCBR-2
3 992.1 FCBR-3
4 997.7 FCBR-4
5 1008.0 FCBR-5
6 1028.2 FCBR-6
7 1045.0 FCBR-7
8 1061.8 FCBR-8
9 1075.6 FCBR-9
10 1091.0 FCBR-10
A layout plan showing the locations of our field investigation is

illustrated on Fig. No. 1a.
2.0 FIELD INVESTIGATION
2.1 Soil Borings
The borings were progressed using a shell and auger to the

specified depth or refusal, whichever is encountered earlier. The
diameter of the borehole was 150 mm. Casing was used for
advancing boring below water table at all borehole locations. The work
was in general accordance with IS:1892-1979.
Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) were conducted in the

boreholes at 1.5 m depth intervals by connecting a spilt spoon sampler
to `A’ rods and driving it by 45 cm using a 63.5 kg hammer falling
freely from a height of 75 cm. The tests were conducted in accordance
with IS:2131-1981.
The number of blows for each 15 cm of penetration of the split

spoon sampler was recorded. The blows required to penetrate the
initial 15 cm of the split spoon for seating the sampler is ignored due to
the possible presence of loose materials or cuttings from the drilling
operation. The cumulative number of blows required to penetrate the
balance 30 cm of the 45 cm split spoon sampler is termed the SPT
value or the `N’ value.
The `N’ values are presented on the soil profile for each
borehole. Refusal to further boring penetration was considered when
the `N’ values exceed 100 blows for 30 cm penetration or when
practical refusal to further penetration by shell and auger was
encountered.
Disturbed samples were collected from the split spoon after

conducting SPT. The samples were preserved in transparent
polythene bags. Undisturbed samples were collected by attaching
75 mm diameter thin walled `Shelby’ tubes and driving the sampler
using a 63.5 kg hammer in accordance with IS: 2132-1986. The tubes
were sealed with wax at both ends. All samples were transported to
our NABL accredited laboratory at Noida for further examination and
testing.
2.2 Field California Bearing Ratio Test
In general, the test procedure is as per IS: 2720 (Part 31)-1990.

The field CBR tests were conducted at a depth of about 0.5 m so as to
eliminate errors due to surface disturbances.
For each test, the CBR plunger of 5 cm diameter was penetrated

into the soil under a standard surcharge load at a rate of approximately
1.25 mm per minute. A proving ring was used to measure the load.
A dial gauge of 0.01 mm sensitivity was used to measure the
penetration with reference to a stable datum.
The CBR value was calculated as percent ratio of pressure

applied for specified penetrations into the soil to that required to
penetrate into the standard material.
2.3 Groundwater
Groundwater level was measured in the boreholes 24 hours

after drilling and sampling was completed. The measured water levels
are recorded on the individual soil profiles.
3.0 LABORATORY TESTS
The laboratory testing has been carried out in our NABL

accredited laboratory. The quality procedures in our laboratory
conform to ISO / IEC-17025-2005.
The testing programme was aimed at verifying the field

classifications and developing parameters for engineering analysis. All
testing was performed in accordance with the current applicable IS
specifications.
The following tests were conducted on selected soil samples

recovered from the boreholes:
Name of Test IS Code No.

Bulk Density By calculations
Natural moisture content IS : 2720 (Part-2)-1973, RA-2010
Grain size analysis IS : 2720 (Part-4)-1985, RA-2010
Liquid and plastic limits IS : 2720 (Part-5)-1985, RA-2010
Unconfined compression test IS : 2720 (Part-10)-1991, RA-2010
Unconsolidated undrained triaxial
IS : 2720 (Part-11)-1993, RA-2007
shear test
All test results are presented on Tables 1 to 23 in the

illustrations section of this report. Engineering terms used to describe
the soils are explained on Table 24. A note on our NABL accreditation
together with estimate of uncertainty in laboratory measurements is
presented on Table 25.
4.0 GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS
4.1 Site Stratigraphy
The following table summarizes the stratigraphy encountered at

each of the shallow borehole locations along Bina-Guna Section of the
railway line from Ch: 977.3 kms to Ch: 1095.0 kms.
BH. Depth, RL, m

Description SPT Value
No. From To
BH-1 404.8 401.3 Clayey silt, medium expansive 33-39
BH-2 420.6 417.1 Silty clay, medium expansive 11-13
402.2 400.7 Silty clay, medium expansive -
BH-4
400.7 399.3 Weathered rock with sand 92-100+
400.8 397.8 Clayey silt, medium expansive 23
BH-6
397.8 397.4 Weathered rock with clayey silt 100+
417.8 415.8 Silty clay, medium expansive 64
BH-7
415.8 414.7 Weathered rock with sand 100+
BH-8 423.7 423.2 Silty clay/ weathered rock with sand 100+
BH-9 427.3 426.0 Clayey silt with weathered rock 100+
442.1 440.9 Clayey silt, medium expansive -
BH-10
440.9 440.7 Weathered rock with silty sand 100+
438.3 436.3 Clayey silt/silty sand, medium expansive 40
BH-11
436.3 434.9 Silty clay with weathered rock 100+
BH-12 449.2 448.6 Weathered rock with sand 100+
BH-13 452.4 448.9 Clayey silt/silty clay, medium expansive 19-21
480.7 397.7 Silty clay, medium expansive 17
BH-14
397.7 397.5 Silty clay with weathered rock 100+
BH-15 518.2 514.7 Clayey silt, medium expansive 13-30
505.7 505.1 Clayey silt, medium expansive -
BH-18
505.1 505.0 Weathered rock with sand 100+
BH-19 1075.6 1072.1 Clayey silt/silty clay, medium expansive 26-63
BH-20 1081.0 1080.8 Weathered rock with sandy silt 100+
BH-23 1093.5 1092.5 Silty sand with weathered rock 100+
Detailed description of the materials encountered at the

borehole locations are presented on the individual soil profiles on
Tables 1 to 23.
A plan of field investigation is presented on Fig. 1a. A satellite

image of the site and the test locations (as recorded by GPS) is
presented on Fig. 1b. A summary of the borehole profiles is presented
on Fig. 3a to 3w.
4.2 Groundwater
Based on our measurements in the completed boreholes,

groundwater was not met to the maximum explored depth of 3 m
(January-February, 2012). We anticipate that the groundwater in these
locations may be fairly deep.
5.0 CONCEPTS FOR FOUNDATION ANALYSIS
5.1 General
A suitable foundation for any structure should have an adequate

factor of safety against exceeding the bearing capacity of the
supporting soils. Also the vertical movements due to compression of
the soils should be within tolerable limits for the structure. We
consider that foundation designed in accordance with the
recommendations given herein will satisfy these criteria.
5.2 Open Foundations on Soils
The bearing capacity equation used to analyze open foundations

bearing on soil, given in IS: 6403-1981, is as follows:
qnet safe = 1 [cNcζc dc+ p(Nq -1) ζq dq+ 0.5 Bϒ Nγζγ dγ Rw]
F
where :
qnet safe = safe net bearing capacity of soil based on the shear failure
criterion.
c = cohesion intercept
φ = angle of internal friction
ϒ = total unit weight of soil
p = overburden pressure
B = width of foundation
Rw = water table correction factor
F = Factor of safety, taken as equal to 2.5 in accordance with
IS:1904
Nc,Nq,Nγ = Bearing capacity factors which are a function of φ.
ζc, ζq, ζγ = Shape factors. For Strip footings, ζc = ζq = ζγ = 1
For Square footing = ζc = 1.3, ζq = 1.2, ζγ = 0.8
dc ,dq, dγ = Depth factors
For φ ≤ 10, dc = 1 + 0.2 tan (45 + φ/2) D/B, dq = dγ = 1
For φ > 10, dq = dγ = 1 + 0.1 tan (45 + φ / 2) D/B
Appropriate values have been substituted into the bearing

capacity equation given above to compute the safe net bearing
capacity. The values have been checked to determine the settlement
of the foundation under the safe bearing pressure.
Settlement analysis for open foundations has been done using

two different methods. These are as follows:
1 Settlement analysis for weathered rock has been performed

based on the SPT values in accordance with Clause 9.1.4 of IS
8009 (Part 1)-1976 Fig.9.
2 Settlement analysis for cohesive soils (silty clay/clayey silt) has

been done using classical theory, as sum of elastic settlement
and consolidation settlement. Since groundwater is not
encountered to the maximum explored depth, consolidation
settlement is not likely to occur at the site. The elastic
settlement has been computed using the following equation,
Clause 9.2.3 of IS 8009 Part 1 - 1976](1).
qB' (1 − μ 2 )
Si = Idf dr
E
where:
Si = immediate (elastic) settlement
B = foundation width, B’ = B/2
(1)
Bowles, J.E. (1996), “Foundation Analysis and Design”, McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., New
th
York, 5 Edition, pp. 303-317.
μ = Poisson’s ratio
q = applied bearing pressure
E = modulus of elasticity
df = depth factor
dr = rigidity factor
I = influence factor at corner of rectangular loaded area (B’x L’)
The allowable bearing pressure has been taken as the lower

of the two values computed from the bearing capacity shear failure
criterion as well as that computed from the tolerable settlement
criterion.
5.3 Definition of Gross and Net Bearing Pressure
For the purposes of this report, the net allowable bearing

pressure should be calculated as the difference between total load on
the foundation and the weight of the soil overlying the foundation
divided by the effective area of the foundation. The gross bearing
pressure is the total pressure at the foundation level including
overburden pressure and surcharge load. The following equations
may be used -
qnet = [(Ps + Wf +Ws) / Af] - Sv

qgross = qnet + Sv = (Ps + Wf + Ws) / Af
where:
qnet = net allowable bearing pressure

qgross = gross bearing pressure
Ps = superimposed static load on foundation
Wf = weight of foundation
Ws = weight of soil overlying foundation
Af = effective area of foundation
Sv = overburden pressure at foundation level prior to excavation for
foundation.
It may please be noted that safe bearing pressures

recommended in this report refer to “net values”. Where filling is
done, it should be treated as a surcharge over the foundation.
6.0 FOUNDATION ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
6.1 General
A suitable foundation for any structure should have an adequate

factor of safety against exceeding the bearing capacity of the
supporting soils. Also the vertical movements due to compression of
the soils should be within tolerable limits for the structure. We
consider that foundation designed in accordance with the
recommendations herein will satisfy these criteria.
6.2 Liquefaction Susceptibility Assessment
Liquefaction is defined as the transformation of a granular

material from a solid to a liquefied state as a consequence of
increased pore-water pressure and reduced effective stress
(Marcuson, 19782). Increased pore pressure may be induced by the
tendency of granular materials to compact when subjected to cyclic
shear deformation, such as in the event of an earthquake.
As per IS:1893 (Part-1):2002, Table-1, liquefaction is likely in

loose fine sands below water table.
The following points are noted for the soils encountered at the
shallow borehole locations along Bina-Guna Section, with reference to
the liquefaction susceptibility analysis:
1. As mentioned in Section 4.2, groundwater was not met to the

maximum explored depth of 3 m (January-February, 2012).
2. The soils at most of the borehole locations consist primarily of

cohesive soils (clayey silt/silty clay) to the maximum explored
depth of 3 m.
3. Since liquefaction occurs in loose fine sand below water table,

liquefaction is not likely to occur in the event of an earthquake.
(2)
Marcuson, W.F. (III) (1978), “Definition of terms related to liquefaction”, J. Geotech
Engrg. Div,, ASCE, 104(9), 1197-1200.
The site falls in earthquake Zone-II as per IS: 1893-2002. The

design should be done considering the earthquake parameters for
Zone-II.
6.3 Foundation Type and Depth
We understand that the signal poles are to be designed at the

shallow borehole locations along the Bina-Guna Section of the railway
line.
The naturally-occurring soils at most of the borehole locations,

along the Bina-Guna Section generally consist of low to medium
expansive silty clay/clayey silt, which are stiff to hard in consistency.
However, at some borehole locations (BH-4, BH-7, BH-8, BH-10,
BH-12, BH-18, BH-20 & BH-23), weathered rock with sand are
encountered at shallow depth.
We recommend that open foundations for the signal poles may

bear either on the weathered rock or on the expansive soils at a depth
of at least 1.5 m below the ground surface. Where expansive soils
(silty clay/clayey silt) are encountered at shallow depth, we
recommend that open foundations may bear on a carefully engineered
50 cm thick Mechanically Stabilized Macadam (MSM).
A schematic diagram illustrating our proposed scheme is

presented on Fig. No. 2. Adequate plinth protection should be done to
limit the seepage of water into the effective soil mass. We recommend
that an impervious apron (concrete or asphalt) extending to at least
1.5 m distance beyond the outer edge of the foundation be provided all
around the signaling pole.
6.4 Recommended Net Allowable Bearing Pressures
Reviewing the available borehole data, we recommend the

following values of net allowable bearing pressures for open
foundations bearing at 1.5 m depth:
Recomm-
Foundation
Likely ended Net
Embedment
Foundation Allowable
Location Depth MSM Layer Remarks
Bearing Bearing
below EGL
Material Pressure
(m) 2
(T/m )
MSM as per -
BH-1 1.5 Clayey silt 16.0
Fig. No. 2.
MSM as per -
BH-2 1.5 Silty clay 8.5
Fig. No. 2.
MSM as per -
Fig. No. 2.
Weathered -
BH-4 1.5 18.0 -
rock
MSM as per -
Fig. No. 2.
MSM as per -
Fig. No. 2.
MSM as per
Fig. No. 2.
Refusal is met on
weathered rock at 0.5 m
depth. For the engineering
Weathered
BH-8 0.5-1.0 18.0 - analysis, it has been
rock assumed that the
weathered rock extends to
at least 3 m depth.
MSM as per -
Fig. No. 2.
Refusal is met on silty sand
at 1.2 m depth. For the
engineering analysis, it has
BH-10 1.5 Silty sand 18.0 - been assumed that the silty
sand layer extends to at
least 3 m depth.
BH-11 1.5 Silty sand 18.0 - -
Refusal is met on
Weathered
at least 3 m depth.
MSM as per -
Fig. No. 2.
MSM as per -
Fig. No. 2.
MSM as per -
Fig. No. 2.
Foundation Recomm-
Likely ended Net
Embedment Foundation Allowable
Location Depth MSM Layer Remarks
Bearing Bearing
below EGL Material Pressure
(m) 2
(T/m )
MSM as per -
Fig. No. 2.
MSM as per -
Fig. No. 2.
Refusal is met on
Weathered
at least 3 m depth.
MSM as per -
Fig. No. 2.
Refusal is met on
Weathered
at least 3 m depth.
MSM as per -
Fig. No. 2.
MSM as per -
Fig. No. 2.
Refusal is met on
Weathered
at least 3 m depth.
The above-recommended values include a bearing capacity

safety factor of 2.5. Total settlement of foundations designed for the
above values is expected to be about 50 mm. Net bearing pressures
for foundations at intermediate depths may be interpolated linearly
between the values given above.
Typical calculations are presented at the end of this report.

7.0 FIELD CBR TEST RESULTS
Ten (10) field CBR tests have been conducted along Bina-Guna
Section of the railway line from Ch: 977.3 kms to Ch: 1095.0 kms. The
test results are tabulated below:
S. No. Test Designation Test Depth, m Field CBR Value, %
1 FCBR-1 0.5 m 13.5

2 FCBR-2 0.5 m 7.7
3 FCBR-3 0.5 m 7.6
4 FCBR-4 0.5 m 12.3
5 FCBR-5 0.5 m 6.6
6 FCBR-6 0.5 m 26.9
7 FCBR-7 0.5 m 9.5
8 FCBR-8 0.5 m 11.0
9 FCBR-9 0.5 m 9.5
10 FCBR-10 0.5 m 6.1
The design CBR value should be based on laboratory soaked

CBR tests on specimen compacted to at least 95 percent of the
maximum dry density (MDD) as determined by the Modified Proctor
Test (IS : 2720 Part VIII)
8.0 FOUNDATION CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS
8.1 Foundation Level Preparation
The area shall be excavated upto the foundation level. All loose
soils should be removed and the exposed foundation bearing surface
should be watered and compacted properly using rammers / rollers.
The surface should then be protected from disturbances due to

construction activities so that the foundations may bear on the natural
undisturbed ground. For open foundations, we recommend the
placement of a 75 to 100 mm thick “blinding layer” of lean concrete to
facilitate placement of reinforcing steel and to protect the soils from
disturbance.
In case mechanical means like excavators are deployed for

excavations, the excavations should be carried out upto 0.5 m above
the proposed level. The last 0.5 m depth of excavation should be
carried out manually, so that the founding soils are not disturbed /
loosened. The MSM layer may be placed on the natural undisturbed
soils.
8.2 Plinth Protection and Drainage
In order to limit seepage of water into the soils from surface

sources, we suggest that an impervious apron be provided around the
exposed areas of the structures, exterior foundations and base slabs.
This impervious apron should extend 1.5 m beyond the edge of the
foundations. A temporary apron of LDPE or other suitable material
may be provided during the construction phase, particularly during the
monsoon period.
Positive drainage should be provided all around the structures

and it should be ensured that all water will be drained away from the
built up area. The drainage system over the project area should be
carefully planned so that all water is drained away from built up area.
Ponding of water in the vicinity of foundations should be avoided.
Trees with deep roots should be located at least 8 m away from

the built-up areas. Careful horticulture planning should be done so as
to avoid seepage of water into the effective soil mass due to watering
of the plants/trees.
8.3 Variability In Sub-surface Condition
Subsurface conditions encountered during construction may

vary somewhat from the conditions encountered during the site
investigation. In case significant variations are encountered during
construction, we request to be notified so that our engineers may
review the recommendations in this report in light of these variations.
9.0 SUMMARY OF PRINCIPAL FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
M/s. Rail Vikas Nigam Limited is planning for doubling along with
electrification of Bina-Guna and Kota-Ruthiyai Section on Bina-
Salpura-Kota route of Bhopal and Kota Division of West Central
Railway in the state of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. M/s. URS

Scott Wilson India Private Limited is the Detailed Project Report (DPR)
consultant.
M/s. Cengrs Geotechnica Pvt. Ltd. has carried out the

geotechnical investigations for bridges and other structures along the
proposed Bina-Guna and Kota-Ruthiyai Section.
This report designated as Volume-III present the field and

laboratory results of twenty three (23) shallow boreholes and ten (10)
FCBR tests conducted along Bina-Guna Section of the railway line for
design of the signaling poles from Ch: 977.3 kms to Ch: 1095.0 kms.
The naturally-occurring soils at most of the borehole locations,

consist of low to medium expansive cohesive soils (silty clay/clayey
silt), which are stiff to hard in consistency. However, at some borehole
locations (BH-4, BH-7, BH-8, BH-10, BH-12, BH-18, BH-20 & BH-23),
weathered rock with sand are encountered at shallow depth.
Groundwater was not met to the maximum explored depth of 3 m
(January-February, 2012).
As discussed in Section 6.3, open foundations for the signal

poles may bear either on the weathered rock or on the expansive soils
at a depth of at least 1.5 m below the ground surface. Where
expansive soils (silty clay/clayey silt) are encountered at shallow
depth, we recommend that open foundations may bear on a carefully
engineered 50 cm thick Mechanically Stabilized Macadam (MSM).
Our recommended net allowable bearing pressures for open
foundations bearing at 1.5 m depths are presented in Section 6.4.
10.0 CLOSURE
We appreciate the opportunity to perform this investigation for

you and have pleasure in submitting this report volume (Volume-III).
Please contact us when we can be of further service to you.
for CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PRIVATE LIMITED
(RAVI SUNDARAM) (SANJAY GUPTA)

DIRECTOR MANAGING DIRECTOR
Project : Doubling of Bina-Guna Section (Package-1: BH.No: 1 TERMINATION Table No: 1
118.37 kms) DEPTH
Location : Surface Elevation WATER TABLE : JOB NO.
3.45 m
See Fig No. 1a 404.76 m Not Met 211191A-III Certificate No.T-1741
Chainage : 977.28 Kms Grain Size Analysis Atterberg Limits Triaxial Test
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
404.76 0.00 Hard grey clayey silt, medium plastic (CI)

DS1
404.26 0.50 - with traces of gravel, 0.0 to 1.5 m
404.26 0.50
DS2
403.76 1.00
403.26 1.50 0 9 73 18
39 SPT1
402.81 1.95
402.51 2.25 49.4 24.4 25.0 1.98 1.55 27.4 1,3 0.70 3.3°
UDS1
402.26 2.50 (UUT)
401.76 3.00
33 SPT2
401.31 3.45 (3.45m) UUT : Unconsolidated Undrained Triaxial Shear Test
* Outside NABL scope

118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.45 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
420.57 0.00 Stiff grey silty clay, high plastic (CH)

DS1
419.57 1.00 - with gravel, 0.0 to 1.5 m
419.07 1.50 8 30 37 25
11 SPT1
418.62 1.95
418.32 2.25 57.6 24.4 33.2 2.06 1.71 20.8 1,3 1.60 7.3°
UDS1
418.02 2.55 (UUT)
417.57 3.00
13 SPT2
417.12 3.45 (3.45m)
UUT : Unconsolidated Undrained Triaxial Shear Test

118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.45 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
413.54 0.00 Stiff grey silty clay, high plastic (CH)

DS1
412.54 1.00 - with gravel, 0.0 to 2.0 m
412.04 1.50 5 12 48 35
12 SPT1
411.59 1.95
411.29 2.25 64.4 27.4 37.0 2.05 1.67 22.6 1,3 1.30 6.3°
UDS1
410.99 2.55 (UUT)
410.54 3.00 0 9 57 34
14 SPT2
410.09 3.45 (3.45m)

118.37 kms) DEPTH
2.85 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
402.22 0.00 Hard grey silty clay with traces of gravel, high plastic
DS1
401.72 0.50 (MH)
401.72 0.50 4 45 20 31 56.6 33.0 23.6

DS2
401.22 1.00
(1.5m)
400.72 1.50 Very dense grey crushed weathered rock with sand
92 SPT1
400.27 1.95 (SM-GP)
399.97 2.25
DS3
399.67 2.55
Ref**/ 399.52 2.70 35 45 20 0

SPT2
15cm 399.37 2.85 (2.85m)
** 'Ref' refers to refusal (N>100) within the first 15 cm of seating pe * Outside NABL scope
118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.45 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
384.73 0.00 Stiff to very stiff grey silty clay, high plastic (CH)
DS1
383.73 1.00 - stiff, 0.0 to 3.0 m
383.23 1.50 0 12 64 24
14 SPT1
382.78 1.95
382.48 2.25 52.9 26.5 26.4 2.08 1.70 22.6 1,3 1.60 6.0°
UDS1
382.18 2.55 (UUT)
381.73 3.00 - very stiff, 3.0 to 3.45 m

17 SPT2
381.28 3.45 (3.45m) UUT : Unconsolidated Undrained Triaxial Shear Test

118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.38 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
400.83 0.00 Very stiff to hard grey clayey silt, medium plastic (CI)
DS1
- very stiff, 0.0 to 3.0 m
400.33 0.50 2 22 51 25 45.8 23.8 22.0
DS2
399.83 1.00
399.33 1.50
23 SPT1
398.88 1.95
398.58 2.25 2.21 1.91 16.0

UDS1
398.28 2.55
- hard, 3.0 to 3.38 m
101/ 397.83 3.00 - with weathered rock, 3.0 to 3.38 m
SPT2
23cm 397.45 3.38 (3.38m)

118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.05 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
417.80 0.00 Hard grey silty clay with traces of gravel, high
DS1
417.10 0.70 plastic (CH)
417.10 0.70 2 14 51 33 59.1 27.6 31.5

DS2
416.60 1.20
416.30 1.50
64 SPT1
415.85 1.95
(2.0m)
415.80 2.00 Very dense grey fine sand intermixed with 57 31 12 0
UDS1
415.30 2.50 weathered rock (GP-SP-SM)
101/ 415.00 2.80

SPT2
10cm 414.75 3.05 (3.05m)

118.37 kms) DEPTH
0.52 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
423.74 0.00 Hard grey clayey silt with traces of gravel, medium 2 19 57 22 46.7 24.6 22.1
DS1
423.24 0.50 plastic (CI)
(0.5m)
Ref**/ 423.24 0.50 Very dense grey weathered rock with sand 72 21 7 0
SPT1
2cm 423.22 0.52 (GP-SP-SM) (0.52m)
118.37 kms) DEPTH
1.25 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
427.29 0.00 Hard grey silty clay, high plastic (MH) 2 16 50 32 66.4 37.8 28.6
DS1
100/ 426.29 1.00 - with weathered rock, 1.0 to 1.25 m

SPT1
10cm 426.04 1.25 (1.25m)

118.37 kms) DEPTH
1.35 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
442.11 0.00 Hard grey clayey silt with gravel, medium plastic
DS1
441.61 0.50 (CI)
441.11 1.00 9 33 34 24 35.2 20.8 14.4

DS2
440.91 1.20
(1.2m)
Ref**/ 440.91 1.20 Very dense grey silty fine sand with weathered rock 4 77 19 0
SPT1
15cm 440.76 1.35 (SM) (1.35m)
118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.38 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
438.33 0.00 Hard grey clayey silt with traces of gravel, medium
DS1
437.83 0.50 plastic (CI)
437.33 1.00 44.7 24.6 20.1

DS2
436.83 1.50
(1.5m)
436.83 1.50 Dense grey silty fine sand with traces of gravel and 3 48 37 12
40 SPT1
436.38 1.95 clay (SM)
(2.0m)
436.08 2.25 Hard grey silty clay with weathered rock, high plastic 46.7 27.3 19.4 2.09 1.82 15.2 0 1.97
UDS1
435.78 2.55 (CH) (UC)
102/ 435.33 3.00 UC : Unconfined Compression Test

SPT2
23cm 434.95 3.38 (3.38m)

118.37 kms) DEPTH
0.60 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
449.22 0.00 Very dense weathered rock with sand (GP-SP) 88 12 1 0

DS1
448.72 0.50
Ref**/ 448.72 0.50

SPT1
10cm 448.62 0.60 (0.6m)
118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.45 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
452.44 0.00 Very stiff grey clayey silt with traces of gravel,
DS1
451.94 0.50 medium plastic (CI)
451.94 0.50
DS2
451.44 1.00
450.94 1.50 3 38 37 22 48.4 26.7 21.7

21 SPT1
450.49 1.95 (2.0m)
Very stiff grey silty clay with gravels, high plastic
450.19 2.25 (CH) 2.14 1.78 19.9
UDS1
449.89 2.55
449.44 3.00
19 SPT2
448.99 3.45 (3.45m)

118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.15 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
480.65 0.00 Very stiff to hard grey silty clay with traces of gravel,
DS1
480.15 0.50 high plastic (MH)
480.15 0.50
DS2
479.65 1.00 55.7 32.1 23.6
479.15 1.50 2 24 46 28
17 SPT1
478.70 1.95
478.40 2.25 63.7 37.3 26.4 1.78 1.36 30.8 0 1.19

UDS1
478.10 2.55 (UC)
Ref**/ 477.65 3.00 - hard with weathered rock, 3.0 to 3.15 m

SPT2
15cm 477.50 3.15 (3.15m) UC : Unconfined Compression Test
118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.45 m
Grain Size Analysis Atterberg Limits
3
Chainage : 1055.0 Kms Triaxial Test
Dry Density gms/cm
Free Swell Index, %

Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Pressure Kg/cm
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Cohesion
Confining
Gravel %
Plastic %
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
Clay %
Silt %
%
m
518.20 0.00 Very stiff grey clayey silt with traces of gravel,
DS1
517.70 0.50 medium plastic, low expansive (CI)
517.20 1.00 48.8 28.4 20.4

DS2
516.70 1.50
516.70 1.50 2 17 46 35
13 SPT1
516.25 1.95
515.95 2.25 51.5 27.1 24.4 2.20 1.92 14.8 0 6.09 41.7
UDS1
515.65 2.55 (UC)
515.20 3.00 4 25 40 31
30 SPT2
514.75 3.45 (3.45m)
UC : Unconfined Compression Test

118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.45 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
519.46 0.00 Stiff grey silty clay with traces of gravel, high plastic
DS1
518.96 0.50 (CH)
518.46 1.00 4 10 54 32 54.3 28.5 25.8

DS2
517.96 1.50
517.96 1.50
14 SPT1
517.51 1.95 (2.0m)
Very stiff grey silty clay with traces of gravel, high
517.21 2.25 plastic (MH) 57.5 33.5 24.0 2.05 1.73 18.9 0 3.47
UDS1
516.91 2.55 (UC)
516.46 3.00
23 SPT2
516.01 3.45 (3.45m)
UC : Unconfined Compression Test

118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.45 m
Grain Size Analysis Atterberg Limits
Free Swell Index, %

Chainage : 1066.5 Kms Triaxial Test
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Pressure Kg/cm
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
Confining
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
Clay %
Silt %
%
m
DS1
509.23 0.50 (CH)
508.73 1.00
DS2
508.23 1.50
508.23 1.50 2 14 49 35
10 SPT1
507.78 1.95 (2.0m)
Very stiff grey silty clay with traces of gravel, high
507.48 2.25 plastic, low expansive (MH) 51.6 28.6 23.0 2.07 1.77 17.2 0 4.53 46.2
UDS1
507.18 2.55 (UC)
506.73 3.00 4 13 44 39
22 SPT2
506.28 3.45 (3.45m) UC : Unconfined Compression Test

118.37 kms) DEPTH
0.62 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
505.65 0.00 Hard grey silty clay with gravel, high plastic (MH) 13 21 50 16 58.0 32.2 25.8
DS1
505.05 0.60
(0.60m)
Ref**/ 505.05 0.60 Very dense weathered rock with sand (GP-SP) 95 5 1 0
SPT1
2cm 505.03 0.62 (0.62m)
118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.45 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
468.65 0.00 Very stiff to hard grey clayey silt, medium plastic (CI)
DS1
468.15 0.50 - very stiff, 0.0 to 3.0 m
- with traces of gravel, 0.0 to 1.5 m
467.65 1.00 40.6 26.6 14.0
DS2
467.15 1.50
467.15 1.50 0 8 71 21
26 SPT1
466.70 1.95
- (MI), with gravel, 2.0 to 3.45 m
466.40 2.25 48.7 29.5 19.2 2.00 1.75 14.3 0 2.43
UDS1
466.15 2.50 (UC)
465.65 3.00 - hard, 3.0 to 3.45 m UC : Unconfined Compression Test

63 SPT2
465.20 3.45 (3.45m)

118.37 kms) DEPTH
0.25 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
488.00 0.00 Very dense grey weathered rock with sandy silt 65 12 23 0
DS1
487.80 0.20 (GP-CL)
Ref**/ 487.80 0.20

SPT1
5cm 487.75 0.25 (0.25m)
118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.45 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
DS1
495.50 0.50 (CH)
495.00 1.00 57.3 26.7 30.6

DS2
494.50 1.50
494.50 1.50 2 37 48 13
10 SPT1
494.05 1.95 (2.0m)
Very stiff grey clayey silt with traces of gravel,
493.75 2.25 medium plastic (MI) 47.8 32.9 14.9 2.15 1.89 13.9 0 1.66
UDS1
493.45 2.55 (UC)
493.00 3.00
25 SPT2
492.55 3.45 (3.45m)

118.37 kms) DEPTH
3.45 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
487.50 0.00 Stiff to very stiff grey silty clay with traces of gravel,
DS1
487.00 0.50 high plastic (MH)
- stiff, 0.0 to 3.0 m
486.50 1.00 3 8 43 46 59.8 33.2 26.6
DS2
486.00 1.50
486.00 1.50
10 SPT1
485.55 1.95
485.25 2.25 54.1 34.4 19.7 1.76 1.23 43.7 1,3 1.30 6.9°
UDS1
484.95 2.55 (UUT)
484.50 3.00 - with crushed weathered rock, 3.0 to 3.45 m
19 SPT2
484.05 3.45 (3.45m)

118.37 kms) DEPTH
0.95 m
Moisture Content %
Angle of Internal
Specific Gravity
Intercept Kg/cm
Reduced Level,
Natural Density
Plasticity Index
Dry Density
Sample No.
Depth (m)
SOIL DESCRIPTION
Confining
Cohesion
Plastic %
Gravel %
Pressure
N-Value*
3
Liquid %
gms/cm
gms/cm
Sand %
Symbol
Friction
2
Clay %
Kg/cm
Silt %
%
m
477.30 0.00 Very dense grey silty sand with weathered rock
DS1
476.80 0.50 (SM-GP) 44 35 21 0
Ref**/ 476.50 0.80

SPT1
15cm 476.35 0.95 (0.95m)
CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job No. 211191A-III Table No. 24
PLASTICITY OF CLAY
Plasticity Liquid Limit

Low Plastic < 35
Medium Plastic 35 to 50
High Plastic > 50
CONSISTENCY OF DENSITY CONDITION OF

COHESIVE SOILS GRANULAR SOILS
Static Cone Tip

Cohesion SPT (N) SPT (N)
Consistency Density Descriptor Resistance
Intercept, kg/sq.cm Value Value
kg/sq.cm
Very Soft < 0.1 0 to 2 Very Loose 0 to 4 < 20

Soft 0.1 to 0.25 2 to 4 Loose 4 to 10 20 to 40
Firm/Medium 0.25 to 0.5 4 to 8 Medium Dense 10 to 30 40 to 120
Stiff 0.5 to 1.0 8 to 15 Dense 30 to 50 120 to 200
Very Stiff 1.0 to 2.0 15 to 30
Very dense > 50 > 200
Hard > 2.0 > 30
DEGREE OF EXPANSION OF FINE GRAINED SOILS
Degree of
Liquid Limit Plasticity Index Shrinkage Index Free Swell Percent Degree of Seve
Expansion
20 - 35 < 12 < 15 < 50 Low Non-critical

35 - 50 12 - 23 15 -30 50 -100 Medium Marginal
50 - 70 23 - 32 30 - 60 100 - 200 High Critical
70 - 90 > 32 > 60 > 200 Very High Severe
ENGINEERING DESCRIPTION OF SOILS

Job No. 211191A-III Table No: 25
NABL ACCREDITED LABORATORY

Our laboratory is accredited to National Accreditation Board for Testing and
Calibration Laboratories (NABL), New Delhi. The quality procedures in our
laboratory conform to the International Standard ISO/IEC: 17025-2005.
The accreditation assures our clients of work quality in conformance with
international norms and practices. It authorizes us to use the NABL logo on test
results.
To maintain the necessary level of quality and reliability in all measurements on a
continual basis, we indulge in the following:
¾ Use of calibrated equipment, regular maintenance and good housekeeping
are a part of our work culture.
¾ Inter-laboratory comparison, proficiency testing and replicate testing,
continuing education - ensure uniform quality of results.
¾ Internal Audit of quality procedures is done by our qualified ISO 17025
auditors to maintain the requisite standards. NABL conducts external audit.
UNCERTAINTY
Every measurement entails an uncertainty. It is well known that no measuring
instrument can determine the true value of any measurement. The cumulative
effect of factors such as sensitivity of equipment, accuracy in calibration, human
factors and environmental conditions will determine the overall uncertainty in the
parameter determined from these measurements.
As a part of our commitment to our clients, we have worked out the uncertainty in
the parameters reported by our laboratory. Although this does not form a part of
our contract agreement, we present below our statistical estimate of uncertainty
of various parameters based on our most recent evaluation (Feb., 2012).
Test / Parameter Uncertainty* Test / Parameter Uncertainty*
Moisture Content ± 0.26 % Free Swell Index, % ± 2.20 %
Bulk & Dry Density ± 0.004 g/cc Swell Pressure ± 0.43 %
Specific Gravity ± 0.08 cc1 ± 0.0003
Liquid Limit ± 0.59 % cc2 ± 0.003
Consolidation
Plastic Limit ± 0.27 % mv ± 0.0003 cm2/kg
Shrinkage Limit ± 0.26 % pc ± 0.15 kg/cm2
Unconfined CD Direct
c ± 0.185 kg/cm2 φ ± 0.61°
Compression Shear Test
Coarse
c ± 0.09 kg/cm2 ± 0.8% of particle size
UU Triaxial Soil grained soils
Test Gradation Fine grained
φ ± 0.5° ± 1.5% of particle size
soils
Coefficient of
Std/Mod MDD ± 0.03 g/cc ± 1.3 % of value
Permeability
Proctor
Compaction Crushing ± 0.80 %
OMC ± 0.26 %
Strength of value
Rock Point Load
± 0.1 %
Laboratory CBR ± 0.31% Strength
of value
Index
* at 95 percent confidence level for coverage factor of 2
UNCERTAINTY IN LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig No. 1a
Bina Junction BINA-GUNA PACKAGE-1 Guna
BH-2
BH-1 FCBR-1
15.0
8.5m
8.0m
9.0m
8.0m
8.0m
9.0m
12.0
10.0
10.5
10.0
12.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
18.0
17.0
23.0
18.0
18.0
17.0
30.0
18.0
25.0
FCBR-4 BH-13 BH-16 BH-18 BH-23
30.0
18.0
BH-17
20.0
BH-3 BH-15
BH-5 BH-7 BH-21
FCBR-2 BH-4 FCBR-3 BH-6 FCBR-5 FCBR-6 FCBR-
BH-19
BH-8 BH-12 BH-14 FCBR-8 BH-22
BH-9 FCBR-9
FCBR-7
BH-10 BH-11 BH-20
LEGEND
SYMBOL TYPE OF TEST
Borehole (BH)
PLAN OF FIELD INVESTIGATION Field California Bearing Ratio
Test (FCBR)
Doubling of Bina-Guna Section (Package-1: 118.37 kms) NOT TO SCALE

Job No. 211191A-III Fig No. 1b
Test No. UTM Coordinates
BH 1 219223.00 m E 2683291.00 m N
BH 2 212821.00 m E 2692308.00 m N
BH 3 212820.00 m E 2692308.00 m N
BH 4 212819.00 m E 2692312.00 m N
BH 5 212329.00 m E 2696113.00 m N
BH 6 207669.67 m E 2701038.25 m N
BH 7 204983.40 m E 2705267.14 m N
BH 8 202014.12 m E 2708699.00 m N
BH 9 197761.71 m E 2711370.92 m N
BH 10 799408.48 m E 2713749.23 m N
BH 11 795954.58 m E 2714513.36 m N
BH 12 789123.93 m E 2714835.41 m N
BH 13 782811.81 m E 2716578.46 m N
BH 14 780163.60 m E 2718424.96 m N
BH 15 771314.04 m E 2722523.76 m N
BH 16 765074.83 m E 2724925.23 m N
BH 17 760806.96 m E 2727076.70 m N
BH 18 755736.01 m E 2729066.76 m N
BH 19 752191.95 m E 2729787.01 m N
BH 20 746839.90 m E 2729062.85 m N
BH 21 742954.70 m E 2728098.55 m N
BH 22 737143.13 m E 2727056.23 m N
BH 23 733129.76 m E 2727136.11 m N
FCBR 1 212820.00 m E 2692307.00 m N
FCBR 2 212818.00 m E 2692308.00 m N
FCBR 3 212820.00 m E 2692312.00 m N
FCBR 4 212118.00 m E 2696366.00 m N
FCBR 5 204681.00 m E 2705727.00 m N
FCBR 6 796580.00 m E 2714312.00 m N
FCBR 7 779471.00 m E 2718722.00 m N
FCBR 8 765919.00 m E 2724549.00 m N
FCBR 9 753045.00 m E 2729616.00 m N
FCBR 10 738055.00 m E 2726919.00 m N
Satellite image taken from Google Earth(R)
Test Locations marked as per GPS coordinates taken on site using hand-held Garmin(R) device
Accuracy of hand-held GPS device generally ranges from 4-6m, and varies depending on the availability of satellite connection at the site
SATELLITE IMAGE OF SITE AND TEST LOCATIONS

Doubling of Bina-Guna Section (Package-1: 118.37 kms)
CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 2
PLINTH PROTECTION
( for exterior footing)
1.5 m
Min. 1.0 m
Murrum/Non-Expansive
Back fill
Mi n.15cm
50cm
MSM
MECHANICALLY STABLIZED MACADAM (MSM) : 50cm thick should consist of gravel

(63-40 mm and 20 mm down size graded) blinded with sand or murrum.
Compaction :
MSM; 95% of Maximum dry density as per Modified Proctor Test (IS:2720 Part-8)
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR SOIL

STABILIZATION FOR OPEN FOUNDATION

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3a
BH-1
406 RL: 404.761m
N-Value
402
39
R E D U C E D L E V E L, m
398 33
3.45m
CH: 977.28 Kms
394
390
386
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Clayey silt (CI)
Summary of Borehole Profile

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3b
BH-2
422
RL: 420.571m
N-Value
418
11
414 13
3.45 m
CH: 982.10
410 Kms
406
402
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Silty clay (CH)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3c
416
BH-3
RL: 413.539m
N-Value
412
12
408
14
3.45 m
404 CH: 987.10
Kms
400
436
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Silty clay (CH)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 2d
406
BH-4
RL: 402.219m
N-Value
402
1.5
398 92
Ref*/15cm
2.85 m
394
CH: 992.10 Kms
390
386
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Silty clay (CH)
Weathered rock with sand (GP-
SP)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3e
BH-5
386
RL: 384.734m
N-Value
382
14
378 17
3.45 m
CH: 997.70 Kms

374
370
366
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Silty clay (CH)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3f
402
BH-6
RL: 400.825m
N-Value
400
23
398
101/23cm
3.38 m
396
CH: 1003.049 Kms
394
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Clayey silt

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 2g
BH-7
RL: 417.801m
418 N-Value
416
2.0 64
101/10cm
414 3.05m
CH: 1008.049 Kms
412
410
408
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Silty clay (CH)
Weathered rock with sand
(GP-SP)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 2h
BH-8
RL: 423.744m
424 N-Value
Ref*/2cm
0.52 m
422
CH: 1012.721 Kms
420
418
416
LEGEND
414
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Clayey silt (CI)
(GP-SP)
* 'Ref' refers to refusal (N>100) within the first 15 cm of seating penetration.

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3i
BH-9
428
RL: 427.288m
N-Value
426 100/10cm
1.25 m
CH: 1017.721 Kms

424
422
418
416
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Silty clay (MH)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.:211191A-III Fig No.: 3j
444
BH-10
RL: 442.110m
N-Value
442
1.2
100/20cm
1.35 m
440
CH: 1024.700 Kms
438
436
LEGEND
434
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Clayey silt (CI)
Silty fine sand (SM)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3k
440
BH-11
RL: 438.325m
N-Value
438
1.5
2.0 40
436
102/23cm
3.38 m
434
CH: 1028.200 Kms
432
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Clayey silt (CI)
Silty fine sand (SM)
Silty clay (CH)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 2l
BH-12
450
RL: 449.220m
N-Value
Ref*/10cm
448 0.60 m
CH: 1035.100 Kms
446
444
LEGEND
442
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Weathered rock with sand (GP-
SP)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3m
454
BH-13
RL: 452.435m
N-Value
452
2.0 21
450
19
3.45 m
448
CH: 1041.800
Kms
446
444
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Clayey silt (CI)
Silty clay (CH)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3n
482
BH-14
RL: 480.648m
N-Value
480
17
478
Ref*/15cm
3.15m
476 CH: 1045.003

Kms
474
472
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Silty clay (MH)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3o
520
BH-15
RL: 518.202m
N-Value
518
13
516
30
514 3.45 m
CH: 1055.000 Kms
512
510
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Clayey silt (CI)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.:211191A-III Fig No.: 3p
BH-16
520 RL: 519.455m
N-Value
518
2.0 14
516 23
3.45 m
CH: 1061.786 Kms

514
512
510
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Silty clay (CH)
Silty clay (MH)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3q
BH-17
RL: 509.727m
510 N-Value
508
2.0 10
22
506
3.45 m
CH: 1066.500 Kms

504
502
500
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Silty clay (CH)
Silty clay (MH)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 2r
BH-18
506 RL: 505.645m
N-Value
0.6
Ref*/2cm
0.62 m
504
CH: 1072.000 Kms

502
500
498
496
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Silty clay (MH)
(GP-SP)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3s
470
BH-19
RL: 468.651m
N-Value
468
2.0 26
466
63
3.45 m
464
CH: 1075.600
Kms
462
460
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Clayey silt (CI)
Clayey silt (MI)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 2t
490
BH-20
RL: 488.003 m
N-Value
488
Ref*/5cm
0.25 m
CH: 1081.000
486 Kms
484
482
480
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Weathered rock with sandy silt
(GP-CL)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3u
498
BH-21
RL: 495.996m
N-Value
496
494 10
2.0
25
492 3.45 m
CH: 1085.000
Kms
490
488
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Silty clay (CH)
Clayey silt (MI)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 3v
BH-22
488 RL: 487.500m
N-Value
486
10
484 19
3.45 m
CH: 1091.000
Kms
482
480
478
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Silty clay (MH)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.No.: 211191A-III Fig No.: 2w
BH-23
478
RL: 477.297m
N-Value
Ref*/15cm
476
0.95 m
CH: 1095.00
Kms
474
472
470
468
LEGEND
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
Silty sand with weathered rock
(SM-GP)

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.: 211191A-III Fig No. 4a
FIELD CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO TEST

IS : 2720 : 1990 Part - 31
SAMPLE DETAILS
TEST RESULTS
Test Designation FCBR-1
Bearing Ratio at 2.5mm 13.5
Chainage Kms
Chainage, 981.85
Test Depth 0.5 m Field CBR Value 13.5
25.00
20.00
L O A D I N T E N S I T Y ( kg / sq cm )
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
P E N E T R A T I O N , mm

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.: 211191A-III Fig No. 4b

IS : 2720 : 1990 Part - 31
SAMPLE DETAILS
TEST RESULTS
Chainage,
Chainage Kms 987.1
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.: 211191A-III Fig No. 4c

IS : 2720 : 1990 Part - 31
SAMPLE DETAILS
TEST RESULTS
Chainage Kms
Chainage, 992.1
18.00
16.00
14.00
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.: 211191A-III Fig No. 4d

IS : 2720 : 1990 Part - 31
SAMPLE DETAILS
TEST RESULTS
Chainage,
Chainage Kms 997.7
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.: 211191A-III Fig No. 4e

IS : 2720 : 1990 Part - 31
SAMPLE DETAILS
TEST RESULTS
Chainage,
Chainage Kms 1008.039
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.: 211191A-III Fig No. 4f

IS : 2720 : 1990 Part - 31
SAMPLE DETAILS
TEST RESULTS
Chainage Kms
Chainage, 1028.2
45.00
40.00
35.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.: 211191A-III Fig No. 4g

IS : 2720 : 1990 Part - 31
SAMPLE DETAILS
TEST RESULTS
Chainage,
Chainage Kms 1045.0
16.00
14.00
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.: 211191A-III Fig No. 4h

IS : 2720 : 1990 Part - 31
SAMPLE DETAILS
TEST RESULTS
Chainage,
Chainage Kms 1061.783
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Chainage Kms : 1061.783

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.: 211191A-III Fig No. 4i

IS : 2720 : 1990 Part - 31
SAMPLE DETAILS
TEST RESULTS
Chainage,
Chainage Kms 1075.6
18.00
16.00
14.00
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD. Job.: 211191A-III Fig No. 4j

IS : 2720 : 1990 Part - 31
SAMPLE DETAILS
TEST RESULTS
Chainage,
Chainage Kms 1091.0
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5a
GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD.
An ISO /IEC: 17025-2005 accredited Laboratory
Certificate No.T-1741
Grain Size Analysis : IS : 2720 (Part 4) - 1985

SAMPLE DETAILS TEST RESULTS
Borehole Sample % %
Sample Description % Silt % Clay D60 D10 CuC
Number Depth, m Gravel Sand
CH-982.1
1.50 Silty clay with gravel (CH) 8 30 37 25 0.078
(BH: 2)
Hydrometer Analysis Sieve Analysis
CLAY SILT SAND GRAVEL

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
Chainage: 982.1 (BH: 2) , Depth: 1.5 m
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5b

Borehole Sample % %
CH-977.28
1.50 Clayey silt (CI) 0 9 73 18 0.019
(BH: 1)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
Chainage: 977.28 (BH: 1) , Depth: 1.5
m
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5c

Borehole Sample % %
CH-987.1
1.50 Silty clay with gravel (CH) 5 12 48 35 0.010 CC
(BH: 3)
CH-987.1
3.00 Silty clay (CH) 0 9 57 34 0.008
(BH: 3)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20 Chainage: 987.1 (BH: 3) , Depth: 1.5 m
10 Chainage: 987.1 (BH: 3) , Depth: 3 m
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No.211191A-III Fig. No.5d

Borehole Sample % %
CH-992.1 Silty clay with traces of gravel
0.50 4 45 20 31 0.160 C
(BH: 4) (CH)
CH-992.1 Crushed weathered rock
2.70 35 45 20 0 3.941
(BH: 4) fragements with sand (SM-GP)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 100.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5e

Borehole Sample % %
Sample Description % Silt % Clay D60 D10 CuCCCC
CH-997.7
1.50 Silty clay (CH) 0 12 64 24 0.014
(BH: 5)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5f

Borehole Sample % %
Sample Description % Silt % Clay D60 D10 CuCc
CH-1003.049 Clayey silt with traces of gravel
0.50 2 22 51 25 0.020
(BH: 6) (CI)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
m
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5g

Borehole Sample % %
Sample Description % Silt % Clay D60 D10 Cu
0.70 2 14 51 33 0.065
(BH: 7) (CH)
Fine sand intermixed with
CH-1008.049
2.00 weathered rock fragements (GP- 57 31 12 0 10.556
(BH: 7) SP-SM)
CLA
SILT SAND GRAVEL
Y FINE MEDIUM COARSE FINE COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
10
Chainage: 1008.049 (BH: 7) , Depth: 2 m
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 100.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5h

Borehole Sample % %
Sample Description % Silt % Clay D60 D10 CuchCHCHH
0.00 2 19 57 22 0.028 c
(BH: 8) (CI)
CH-1012.721 Weathered rock fragements
0.50 72 21 7 0 16.750 0.225 74.4
(BH: 8) with sand (GP-SP-SM)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
Chainage: 1012.721 (BH: 8) , Depth: 0

m
90

m
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 100.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5i

Borehole Sample % %
0.00 2 16 50 32 0.013
(BH: 9) (MH)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
m
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5j

Borehole Sample % %
CH-1024.7
1.00 Clayey silt with gravel (CI) 9 33 34 24 0.225
(BH: 10)
CH-1024.7 Silty fine sand with traces of
1.20 4 77 19 0 0.404
(BH: 10) gravel (SM)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30

20 m

10 m
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5k

Borehole Sample % %
CH-1028.2 Silty fine sand with traces of
1.50 3 48 37 12 0.495
(BH: 11) gravel (SM)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20 Chainage: 1028.2 (BH: 11) , Depth: 1.5

m
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5l

Borehole Sample % %
CH-1035.1 Boulders, cobbles and pebbles
0.00 88 12 1 0 48.317 2.917 16.6
(BH: 12) with sand (GP-SP)
CLA
SILT SAND GRAVEL
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
Chainage: 1035.1 (BH: 12) , Depth: 0 m
20
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 100.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5m

Borehole Sample % %
1.50 3 38 37 22 0.083
(BH: 13) (CI)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
m
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No.: 211191A-III Fig. No. 5n

Borehole Sample % %
1.50 2 24 46 28 0.012
(BH: 14) (MH)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5o

Borehole Sample % %
CH-1055 (BH: Clayey silt with traces of gravel
1.50 2 17 46 35 0.009
15) (CI)
CH-1055 (BH: Clayey silt with traces of gravel
3.00 4 25 40 31 0.013
15) (CI)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20 Chainage: 1055 (BH: 15) , Depth: 1.5

m
Chainage: 1055 (BH: 15) , Depth: 3 m

10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5p

Borehole Sample % %
Sample Description % Silt % Clay D60 D10 CuCCC
1.00 4 10 54 32 0.009
(BH: 16) (CH)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
Chainage: 1061.786 (BH: 16) , Depth:

20 1m
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5q

Borehole Sample % %
Sample Description % Silt % Clay D60 D10 Cuc
1.50 2 14 49 35 0.008
(BH: 17) (CH)
3.00 4 13 44 39 0.005
(BH: 17) (MH)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20 Chainage: 1066.5 (BH: 17) , Depth: 1.5

m

10 m
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5r

Borehole Sample % %
CH-1072 (BH:
0.00 Silty clay with gravel (MH) 13 21 50 16 0.084 c
18)
CH-1072 (BH: Weathered rock fragements
0.60 95 5 1 0 22.500 11.250 2.0
18) with sand (GP-SP)
CLA
SILT SAND GRAVEL
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30

20
Chainage: 1072 (BH: 18) , Depth: 0.6

m
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 100.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5s

Borehole Sample % %
CH-1075.6
1.50 Clayey silt (CI) 0 8 71 21 0.023
(BH: 19)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
m
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5t

Borehole Sample % %
Sample Description % Silt % Clay D60 D10 CuCGC
CH-1081 (BH: Weathered rock fragements
0.00 65 12 23 0 15.045
20) with sandy silt (GP-CL)
CLA
SILT SAND GRAVEL
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 100.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5u

Borehole Sample % %
Sample Description % Silt % Clay D60 D10 CuCC
CH-1085 (BH: Silty clay with traces of gravel
1.50 2 37 48 13 0.077
21) (CH)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
Chainage: 1085 (BH: 21) , Depth: 1.5
m
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig. No. 5v

Borehole Sample % %
CH-1091 (BH: Silty clay with traces of gravel
1.00 3 8 43 46 0.006
22) (MH)

FINE MEDIUM COARSE
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No.: 211191A-III Fig. No. 5w

Borehole Sample % %
Silty sand intermixed with
CH-1095 (BH:
0.50 boulders, cobbles & pebbles 44 35 21 0 5.750
23)
(SM-GP)
CLA
SILT SAND GRAVEL
100
90
80
70
% Finer by Weight
60
50
40
30
20
Chainage: 1095 (BH: 23) , Depth: 0.5 m

10
0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 100.000
Particle Size, mm

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig No. 6a
Unconsolidated Undrained Triaxial Test on an Undisturbed Soil Sample
Borehole: BH-1 Sample Depth: 2.25 m Sample Description: Clayey silt
Confining Pressure, σ0 (kg/cm 2): 1.0 3.0

DETAILS
SAMPLE
Sample No.: UDS1 UDS1

Sample Type: Undisturbed Undisturbed
Initial diameter (cm): 3.80 3.80
Initial Length (cm): 7.6 7.6
Peak Deviator Stress, (σ3-σ1)f (kg/cm 2): 1.62 1.87
RESULTS
Failure Strain, εf (%):

TEST
22.4 21.1
Cohesion Intercept, c: 0.70 kg/cm2
Angle of Internal Friction, φ: 3.3 degrees
5.0
4.0
2
Shear Stress τff, kg/cm
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Normal Stress σff, kg/cm 2
Mohr-Coulomb Failure Envelope
Chainage : 977.28 Kms

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig No. 6b
Borehole: BH-2 Sample Depth: 2.25 m Sample Description: Silty clay

DETAILS
SAMPLE

RESULTS

TEST
17.1 18.4
8.0
7.0
6.0
2
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig No. 6c

DETAILS
SAMPLE

RESULTS

TEST
17.1 15.8
7.0
6.0
5.0
2
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig No. 6d

DETAILS
SAMPLE

RESULTS

TEST
17.1 18.4
8.0
7.0
6.0
2
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

LABORATORY: CENGRS
Job No. 211191A-III Fig No. 6e

BH-
Borehole: Sample Depth: 2.25 m Sample Description: Silty clay with traces of gravel
22

DETAILS
SAMPLE

RESULTS

TEST
11.8 7.9
7.0
6.0
5.0
2
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0

Job No.: 211191A-III Sheet No.: 1
CENGRS GEOTECHNICA PVT. LTD

NEW DELHI
BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS FOR
SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS
Analysis as per IS 6403-1981
Project : Doubling of Bina-Guna Section (Package-1: 118.37 kms)

Location: BH-1
The bearing capacity equation is as follows :

qnet safe = (1/FS){cNcζcdc+q(Nq-1)ζqdq+0.5BγNγζγdγRw}
where:
qnet safe = safe net bearing capacity c = cohesion intercept
q = overburden pressure B = Foundation width
γ = Bulk density of soil below founding level
Rw = Water table correction factor FS = Factor of safety
Nc, Nq, Nγ = bearing capacity factors, which are a function of φ
dc, dq, dγ = Depth factors
ζc, ζq, ζγ = Shape factors
Soil parameters : Bulk Density
c= 8.00 T/m2 φ= 5.0 degrees GENERAL SHEAR FAILURE Profile
c' = 5.33 T/m 2
φ'= 3.3 degrees LOCAL SHEAR FAILURE Depth, m γ
General Shear Failure : Nc = 6.49 Nq = 1.57 Nγ = 0.45 From To T/m3
'
Local Shear Failure : Nc ' = 5.99 Nq ' = 1.35 Nγ = 0.27 0.0 1.0 1.75
1.0 3.0 1.80
Factor of safety = 2.5 as per IS 1904-1986
Design Water Table depth = Not Met

Rw factor: Constant value(V) for worst condition or
Rw = 0.60
calculate(C) based on WT Depth ? : V
Depth factor to be considered ? N
FAILURE CRITERIA : AVERAGE OF LOCAL & GENERAL SHEAR FAILURE
Safe Net
qnet safe , Gross
Depth,m
Foundation FOUN- Depth factors Depth factors

Shape Factors Bearing 2 Bearing
Dimensions DATION Rw (GSF) (LSF)
T/m
Capacity Capacity
B, m L, m SHAPE ζc ζq ζγ dc dq dγ dc' dq' dγ' GSF LSF 2
T/m2 (Safe) T/m
3.0 3.0 Square 1.5 0.60 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 27.9 17.2 22.6 25.2
Job No.: 211191A-III Sheet No.:2

NEW DELHI
SETTLEMEMT ANALYSIS FOR
SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS BASED ON N - VALUES
Analysis as per IS:8009(Part 1)-1976 , Clause 9.1.4

Location: BH-1
Design Water Table Depth : Not Met

R w factor : Calculate (C) based on water table depth
or Fixed Value(V) for worst condition : V Rw factor for design : 0.6
Fox's Depth Factor to be considered ? N
Settlement
Rigidity Factor,
2
Net Allowable
Pressure, T/m
Settlement,
Fox's Depth
Foundation
Design N-
Computed
@ 1kg/cm2
Foundation
Foundation
Length,m
Factor, df
Depth,m
Width,m
Bearing
value
(as read off mm

Shape Rw
dr
from graph),
mm
3.0 3.0 1.5 square 16.0 16.0 18.4 0.60 1.00 1.0 49.0

NEW DELHI
SETTLEMENT ANALYSIS FOR SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS

ELASTIC SETTLEMENT COMPUTED FROM THEORY OF ELASTICITY
Analysis as per IS : 8009 Part 1 - 1976, Clause 9.2

Location: BH-1
Total settlement computed as equal to elastic/immediate settlement.

No consolidation settlement - analysis valid for granular soils,weathered rocks,
hard clays & cohesive soils above water table
ELASTIC / IMMEDIATE SETTLEMENT

q B' (1 - μ ) I
2
Si = df dr
E
Reference : Foundation Analysis & Design by J.E.Bowles fifth edition (1996)
where B= Foundation width B' = B/2 L' = L/2 μ= Poisson's Ratio
q= Applied Bearing Pressure E= Modulus of Elasticity
df = Fox's Depth factor dr = Rigidity factor
I= Influence factor at corner of rectangular loaded area(B' x L'),
computed from theory of elasticity using Steinbrenner's factors
Settlement at centre of footing of size B x L = 4 x Settlement at corner of area B' x L'
Poisson's Ratio : 0.40
Is Rigid Layer met ? N
Layer Depth,m Modulus of
Soil Classification
No. From To Elasticity,T/m2
1 0.0 1.5 Silty clay/clayey silt 650
2 1.5 2.0 MSM 1000
Founda- Founda- Embed- Applied Influ- Elastic

Fox's ence
E(weigh-
tion tion ment Bearing Rigidity M= Settle-
Depth N = H/B' ted ave.)
Width Length Depth Press. Factor, dr L'/B' Factor ment
Factor T/m2
(B), m (L), m (D), m T/m2 I mm
3.0 3.0 1.5 16.0 1.00 1.00 1.00 10.00 0.503 1133 35.8

NEW DELHI
SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS

Location: BH-2

where:
c' = 5.00 T/m2 φ'= 3.3 degrees LOCAL SHEAR FAILURE Depth, m γ
'
Local Shear Failure : Nc' = 5.99 N q' = 1.35 Nγ = 0.27 0.0 1.0 1.70
1.0 3.0 1.75

Rw = 0.60
qnet safe ,
Safe Net Gross
Depth,m

T/m
Capacity Capacity
B, m L, m SHAPE ζc ζq ζγ dc dq dγ dc' dq' dγ' GSF LSF T/m2
T/m2 (Safe)
3.0 3.0 Square 1.5 0.60 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 26.2 16.2 21.2 23.8

NEW DELHI

Location: BH-2

Settlement
Rigidity Factor,
2
Net Allowable
Pressure, T/m
Settlement,
Fox's Depth
Foundation
Design N-
Computed
@ 1kg/cm2
Foundation
Foundation
Length,m
Factor, df
Depth,m
Width,m
Bearing
value
(as read off mm

Shape Rw
dr
from graph),
mm
3.0 3.0 1.5 square 10.0 8.5 34.1 0.60 1.00 1.0 48.3

NEW DELHI
SETTLEMENT ANALYSIS FOR SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS

ELASTIC SETTLEMENT COMPUTED FROM THEORY OF ELASTICITY
Analysis as per IS : 8009 Part 1 - 1976, Clause 9.2

Location: BH-2
Total settlement computed as equal to elastic/immediate settlement.

No consolidation settlement - analysis valid for granular soils,weathered rocks,
hard clays & cohesive soils above water table
ELASTIC / IMMEDIATE SETTLEMENT

q B' (1 - μ ) I
2
Si = df dr
E
Reference : Foundation Analysis & Design by J.E.Bowles fifth edition (1996)
where B= Foundation width B' = B/2 L' = L/2 μ= Poisson's Ratio
q= Applied Bearing Pressure E= Modulus of Elasticity
df = Fox's Depth factor dr = Rigidity factor
I= Influence factor at corner of rectangular loaded area(B' x L'),
computed from theory of elasticity using Steinbrenner's factors
Settlement at centre of footing of size B x L = 4 x Settlement at corner of area B' x L'
Poisson's Ratio : 0.40
Is Rigid Layer met ? N
Layer Depth,m Modulus of
Soil Classification
No. From To Elasticity,T/m2
2 1.5 2.0 MSM 1000
Founda- Founda- Embed- Applied Influ- Elastic

Fox's ence
E(weigh-
tion tion ment Bearing Rigidity M= Settle-
Depth N = H/B' ted ave.)
Width Length Depth Press. Factor, dr L'/B' Factor ment
Factor T/m2
(B), m (L), m (D), m T/m2 I mm
3.0 3.0 1.5 8.5 1.00 1.00 1.00 10.00 0.503 833 25.9
Job No.: 211191-A Sheet No.: 7

NEW DELHI
SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS

Location: BH-4

where:
c' = 0.00 T/m2 φ'= 21.1 degrees LOCAL SHEAR FAILURE Depth, m γ
'
Local Shear Failure : Nc' = 15.87 N q' = 7.11 Nγ = 6.24 0.0 1.5 1.85
1.5 3.0 1.90

Rw = 0.60
qnet safe ,
Safe Net Gross
Depth,m

T/m
Capacity Capacity
B, m L, m SHAPE ζc ζq ζγ dc dq dγ dc' dq' dγ' GSF LSF T/m2
T/m2 (Safe)
3.0 3.0 Square 1.5 0.60 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 35.4 11.6 23.5 26.3

NEW DELHI

Location: BH-4

Settlement
Rigidity Factor,
2
Net Allowable
Pressure, T/m
Fox's Depth
Settlement,
Foundation
Design N-
Computed
Foundation
Foundation
@ 1kg/cm 2
Length,m
Factor, df
Depth,m
Width,m
Bearing
value
(as read off mm

Shape Rw
dr
from graph),
mm
3.0 3.0 1.5 square 18.0 18.0 15.9 0.60 1.00 1.0 47.7

Final Report-Volume-III For Bina-Guna Pkg-1 (Structures From CH 977 (1) .3 Km. To CH 1095.0 KM.)

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FINAL REPORT ON:

GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION FOR

SHALLOW BOREHOLES ALONG WITH FCBR TEST

M/s. URS Scott Wilson India Pvt. Ltd.

3.0 LABORATORY TESTS ................................................................................ 6

4.0 GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS .................................................................... 7

8.0 FOUNDATION CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS ............................. 15

Plan of Field Investigation 1a

Typical Calculations – Sheets Nos. 1 to 8

1.1 Project Description

The total length of the proposed Bina-Guna and Kota-Ruthiyai

Package-1 : Bina -Guna : 118.370 Kms.

Package-2 : Kota-Ruthiyai : 164.206 Kms.

M/s. Cengrs Geotechnica Pvt. Ltd. has carried out the

1.2 Purposes of Study

The overall purposes of this study are to investigate the

To accomplish these purposes, the study for the Bina-Guna

(ii) drilling twenty three (23) boreholes along Bina-Guna Section of

(iv) testing selected soil/rock samples in the laboratory to determine

(v) analyzing all field and laboratory data to develop preliminary

The scope of work along the Kota-Ruthiyai Section (Package-2)

(ii) drilling thirty three (33) boreholes along Kota-Ruthiyai Section of

1.3 Report Format

This report for the Bina-Guna Section of the railway line is

Volume No. Contents

The report for the Kota-Ruthiyai Section shall be presented in

This report designated as Volume-III present the field and

The initial sections of this report present brief description of the

Details of the shallow boreholes along Bina-Guna Section of the

Chainage, Test Reduced Termination

Chainage, Test Reduced Termination

Details of the field California bearing ratio tests conducted along

S. No. Chainage, km Test Designation

A layout plan showing the locations of our field investigation is

2.0 FIELD INVESTIGATION

2.1 Soil Borings

The borings were progressed using a shell and auger to the

Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) were conducted in the

The number of blows for each 15 cm of penetration of the split

Disturbed samples were collected from the split spoon after

2.2 Field California Bearing Ratio Test

In general, the test procedure is as per IS: 2720 (Part 31)-1990.

For each test, the CBR plunger of 5 cm diameter was penetrated

The CBR value was calculated as percent ratio of pressure

Groundwater level was measured in the boreholes 24 hours

3.0 LABORATORY TESTS

The laboratory testing has been carried out in our NABL

The testing programme was aimed at verifying the field

The following tests were conducted on selected soil samples

Name of Test IS Code No.

All test results are presented on Tables 1 to 23 in the

4.0 GENERAL SITE CONDITIONS

4.1 Site Stratigraphy

The following table summarizes the stratigraphy encountered at

BH. Depth, RL, m

Detailed description of the materials encountered at the

A plan of field investigation is presented on Fig. 1a. A satellite

Based on our measurements in the completed boreholes,

5.0 CONCEPTS FOR FOUNDATION ANALYSIS

A suitable foundation for any structure should have an adequate

5.2 Open Foundations on Soils

The bearing capacity equation used to analyze open foundations

Appropriate values have been substituted into the bearing