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It is very important that you are able to answer the questions on your own, using your
own knowledge of Chemistry.
Have a go at the questions first, and then check your answers using this page.
If you get a question wrong, try to work out where you have made an error.
1. a) hydrogen
b) mixture; refinery; fractional distillation; column or tower; boiling; top
c) catalyst; smaller
d) water; combustion; monoxide; carbon
2. Look at the colour. The lightest collected first and the darkest last.
Swirl the liquid to see how runny it is. The runniest collect first and the most
viscous distilled last.
Burn a little of each fraction. The one with the least smoky flame collected first and
the smokiest last.
3. a)
Alkane Structure of molecule
methane (CH4)
ethane (C2H6)
propane (C3H8)
butane (C4H10)
pentane (C5H12)
hexane (C6H14)
b) Octane
Oxford University Press GCSE Chemistry for You, Fifth Edition © Ryan Books Ltd, 2016 page 1 of 3
GCSE Chemistry for You, Fifth Edition
4. The description should include transport to the oil refinery, heating to separate the
molecule the others when vaporised, travel up a fractionating tower, cooling,
collecting at the top with other molecules of a similar size, being forced into a
canister under pressure (so it condenses), released from the canister and burned.
6. a)
b) Cracking
c) Butane and ethene
d) Pass the hydrocarbon over a hot catalyst, or mix it with steam at high
temperatures
e) Shake each product in a tube with a little bromine water. Butane will not
affect the orange colour, but ethene will change it from orange to colourless.
The bromine reacts with the ethene because it has a double bond. The
product of the reaction is colourless so the colour of the bromine disappears.
7. a) b) c)
Oxford University Press GCSE Chemistry for You, Fifth Edition © Ryan Books Ltd, 2016 page 2 of 3
GCSE Chemistry for You, Fifth Edition
9. a) 2n+2
b) C9H20
c)
100
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
-50
Number of carbon atoms
-100
-150
-200
Oxford University Press GCSE Chemistry for You, Fifth Edition © Ryan Books Ltd, 2016 page 3 of 3