Math Functions Test Value:

=round(number, decimalPlaces) 15 Dec places:

=roundup(number, decimalPlaces) 15
=rounddown(number, decimalPlaces) 15
=trunc(number, decimalPlaces) 15
=mod(number, divisor) 6 Number:
=ceiling(number, multiple) 15 Divisor:
=floor(number, multiple) 15
=sum(range) 45
=combin(number, number_chosen) 10 Test Value:
=roman(number) XVI Test Value:

Sample List
Name Salary Dept. Qty Sold
Nancy Davolio 16,000 9 19
Andrew Fuller 25,000 3 129
Michael Suyama 28,500 3 234
Janice Leverling 30,000 12 199
Linda Callahan 50,000 9 126
Johnathan King 50,000 12 45

Use the new COUNTIF and SUMIF functions to total data that meets specified criteria.
The formulas in the following table use the sample data above
Using
Cell
Functions Referenc Using
and Operators es Defined Names
COUNTIF() 2 0
SUMIF() 145 0
SUM(IF()) 2 0
SUM(IF()) 145 0
SUM(IF(IF())) 0 0
 15
4

20
7

5 3
16

Using
OFFSET(
)
0
0
0
0
0
Statistical Functions
=count(range) 5 Test Data
=countA(range) 6 1 4
=countBlank(range) 5 5
=countIf(range, criteria 3 x
=stdev(range) 1.9235384
=average(range) 3.8
=min(range) 1 3 6
=max(range) 6
Date Functions Dates in Excel are represented as serial number
day 1 being January 1, 1900. Day 2 is January 2,
=now() 8/19/2018 4:48
etc.
=today() 8/19/2018
=month(date_value) 8
Times are represented as fractions of a day:
=day(date_value) 19
12:00 noon is .5,
=year(date_value) 2018 6:00 a.m. is .25,
=date(year, month, day) 1/1/2000 6:00 p.m. is .75, etc.
=time(hour, min, sec) 12:00 PM
=datevalue("January 5, 199 36165 So the number 1.5 represents 12 noon on January
=datevalue("05-Jan-99") 36165 1900. Representing dates in this manner allows yo
=datevalue("01/05/99") 36165 calculate the number of days between any two da
simply by subtracting the two dates.

More Examples: Start Date 9/10/1990

End Date 10/20/1992

Number of months between above dates: 25

Number of days between above dates: 771
Number of years between above dates: 2
ented as serial numbers, with
900. Day 2 is January 2, 1900,

s fractions of a day:

c.

sents 12 noon on January 1,

s in this manner allows you to
days between any two dates
e two dates.
Logical Functions The if function is used when
cell when one condition is tru
Test Score: 69
when the condition is not tru
=if(logical test, value if true, value if false) Grade(P/F): F
inside of one another to put
Grade(A-F): D
true, value2 in a cell if condi
Does 1 = 2? 0
condition3 is true, etc. See c
Does 1 = 1? 1
=and(condition1, condition2, …) 1 0 The and and or functions ar
=or(condition1, condition2, …) 1 conditions.
=not(logical_value) 0
The not function is used to n
value into false or vice versa
Nested IF statements
pass 70
A 93
B 85
C 78
D 70

SCORE P/F A-F A-F

95 P C C
90 P C C
85 P C C
80 P C C
75 P C C
70 P C C
65 P C C
60 P C C
55 P C C
50 P C C
The if function is used when you want to put one value in a
ell when one condition is true and another value in the cell
when the condition is not true. You can nest if functions
nside of one another to put value1 in a cell if condition1 is
rue, value2 in a cell if condition2 is true, value3 in a cell if
ondition3 is true, etc. See cell C3.

The and and or functions are used to evaluate multiple

onditions.

The not function is used to negate a condition (turn a true

value into false or vice versa).

Values used by IF functions below.

Change these values, and the
grades below will change. This is
better than putting the actual
numbers 70, 78, 85, and 93 in your
IF functions.
Time Functions
Summing Time
Start Time End Time Elapsed Time
8:15 AM 5:30 PM 9:15

Accumulating Time Over 24 Hours

9:00
12:30
16:05
22:00
Total (in decimal): 59.58
Total ([h]:mm:ss): 59:35:00

Converting Time in h:mm Format to Decimal Format

17.83 17:50

Converting Time in Decimal Format to h:mm Format

4:30:00 4.5
Financial Functions
=pmt(RatePerPeriod, Periods, Principal) $514.31
=ppmt(RatePerPeriod, PaymentNumber, Periods, Principal) $14.31
=ipmt(RatePerPeriod, PaymentNumber, Periods, Principal) $500.00
=fv(RatePerPeriod, Periods, Payment) $87,743.68
 Rate: 12.00%
Years: 30
Amount: 50000
Text Functions
=concatenate(text1, text2, …) George Washington Test Cells:
=len(text) 17
=search(find_text, within_text) 7
#VALUE!
=find(find_text, within_text) 8
#VALUE!
=left(text, #chars) George
=right(text, #chars) Washington Test Cell:
=mid(text, start, #chars) shin
=value(text_number) 123
=upper(text) GEORGE WASHINGTON
=lower(text) george washington

Sample_Text: He was out at first base.

Functions Using
and Operators Cell References
LEFT() He was out
MID() at
RIGHT() first base.
CONCATENATE() He was out at first
Concatenation (&) He was out at first
 George Washington

Text functions are used to take

text in Excel cells and extract
some of the characters (that's
what the left, right, and mid
functions do), string characters
123 together (that's what the
concatenate function does),
count characters (len), etc.

Text functions are useful when

you are importing data into
Excel and you need to combine
fields into a single cell or take
the contents of a single cell and
split it up into several cells.
out at first base.
Using
Defined Names
He was out
at
first base.
He was out at first base.
He was out at first base.
Pivot Tables
Volcano Coffee Company Sales
Product Month Region Revenue
Brazilian Coffee January North 43200
Brazilian Coffee February North 45000
Brazilian Coffee March North 35280
Brazilian Coffee April North 39600
Brazilian Coffee May North 39960
Brazilian Coffee June North 39600
Brazilian Coffee January East 39600
Brazilian Coffee February East 42300
Brazilian Coffee March East 42300
Brazilian Coffee April East 42750
Brazilian Coffee May East 43650
Brazilian Coffee June East 44550
Brazilian Coffee January South 39600
Brazilian Coffee February South 42300
Brazilian Coffee March South 42300
Brazilian Coffee April South 42750
Brazilian Coffee May South 43650
Brazilian Coffee June South 44550
Brazilian Coffee January West 41280
Brazilian Coffee February West 41760
Brazilian Coffee March West 39360
Brazilian Coffee April West 40900
Brazilian Coffee May West 42000
Brazilian Coffee June West 43500
Turkish Coffee January North 35000
Turkish Coffee February North 35500
Turkish Coffee March North 36900
Turkish Coffee April North 36100
Turkish Coffee May North 36400
Turkish Coffee June North 36100
Turkish Coffee January East 22100
Turkish Coffee February East 24300
Turkish Coffee March East 24300
Turkish Coffee April East 24600
Turkish Coffee May East 25400
Turkish Coffee June East 23100
Turkish Coffee January South 26200
Turkish Coffee February South 24500
Turkish Coffee March South 24300
Turkish Coffee April South 24800
Turkish Coffee May South 25400
Turkish Coffee June South 26100
Turkish Coffee January West 23400
Turkish Coffee February West 23800
Turkish Coffee March West 23900
Turkish Coffee April West 23100
Turkish Coffee May West 24000
Turkish Coffee June West 23200
French Coffee January North 50700
French Coffee February North 52900
French Coffee March North 41200
French Coffee April North 46400
French Coffee May North 46900
French Coffee June North 46400
French Coffee January East 46400
French Coffee February East 49700
French Coffee March East 49700
French Coffee April East 50200
French Coffee May East 51300
French Coffee June East 52400
French Coffee January South 46400
French Coffee February South 49700
French Coffee March South 49700
French Coffee April South 50200
French Coffee May South 51300
French Coffee June South 52400
French Coffee January West 48400
French Coffee February West 49000
French Coffee March West 46100
French Coffee April West 48000
French Coffee May West 49300
French Coffee June West 51100
Pivot Tables
Sum of Revenue Month
Region January February March April May June
East 108100 116300 116300 117550 120350 120050
North 128900 133400 113380 122100 123260 122100
South 112200 116500 116300 117750 120350 123050
West 113080 114560 109360 112000 115300 117800
Grand Total 462280 480760 455340 469400 479260 483000

This pivot table is based on the

data in the "Pivot Table Data"
worksheet.
Grand Total
698650
743140
706150
682100
2830040
Database Functions
Tree Height Age Yield Profit Height
Apple >10 <16 Criteria area.
Pear

Tree Height Age Yield Profit

Apple 18 20 14 $ 105.00 Data area
Pear 12 12 10 $ 96.00
Cherry 13 14 9 $ 105.00
Apple 14 15 10 $ 75.00
Pear 9 8 8 $ 76.80
Apple 8 9 6 $ 45.00

Examples:
1 DCOUNT(Database,"Age",A1:F2) equals 1. This function looks at the records of apple trees between
1 DCOUNTA(Database,"Profit",A1:F2) equals 1. This function looks at the records of apple trees betwe
105 DMAX(Database,"Profit",A1:A3) equals $105.00, the maximum profit of apple and pear trees.
75 DMIN(Database,"Profit",A1:B2) equals $75.00, the minimum profit of apple trees over 10.
225 DSUM(Database,"Profit",A1:A2) equals $225.00, the total profit from apple trees.
75 DSUM(Database,"Profit",A1:F2) equals $75.00, the total profit from apple trees with a height betwee
10 DPRODUCT(Database,"Yield",A1:F2) equals 140, the product of the yields from apple trees with a he
12 DAVERAGE(Database,"Yield",A1:B2) equals 12, the average yield of apple trees over 10 feet in heigh
13 DAVERAGE(Database,3,Database) equals 13, the average age of all trees in the database.
2.96648 DSTDEV(Database,"Yield",A1:A3) equals 2.97, the estimated standard deviation in the yield of apple
2.6533 DSTDEVP(Database,"Yield",A1:A3) equals 2.65, the true standard deviation in the yield of apple and
8.8 DVAR(Database,"Yield",A1:A3) equals 8.8, the estimated variance in the yield of apple and pear tree
7.04 DVARP(Database,"Yield",A1:A3) equals 7.04, the true variance in the yield of apple and pear trees if
Err:502 DGET(Database,"Yield",Criteria) returns the #NUM! error value because more than one record meets
rea.

cords of apple trees between a height of 10 and 16 and counts how many of the Age fields in those records contain numbe
records of apple trees between a height of 10 and 16 and counts how many of the Profit fields in those records are not bla
apple and pear trees.
pple trees over 10.

le trees with a height between 10 and 16.

ds from apple trees with a height between 10 and 16.
ple trees over 10 feet in height.
es in the database.
deviation in the yield of apple and pear trees if the data in the database is only a sample of the total orchard population.
tion in the yield of apple and pear trees if the data in the database is the entire population.
e yield of apple and pear trees if the data in the database is only a sample of the total orchard population.
eld of apple and pear trees if the data in the database is the entire orchard population.
more than one record meets the criteria.
in those records contain numbers.
elds in those records are not blank.

the total orchard population.

ard population.
Table Lookup
Sample List
Name Salary Dept. Qty Sold
Nancy Davolio 16,000 9 19
Andrew Fuller 25,000 3 129
Michael Suyama 28,500 3 234
Janice Leverling 30,000 12 199
Linda Callahan 50,000 9 126
Johnathan King 50,000 12 45

By setting the new fourth argument for the VLOOKUP function (Range_Lookup) to
FALSE, you can look up an exact value in a list. The formulas in the following
table use the sample data located above.

Using
Functions Cell Using Using
and Operators References Defined Names OFFSET()
VLOOKUP() 50,000 50,000
MATCH() 6 6
INDEX() 30,000 30,000
INDEX(MATCH()) 50,000 50,000 50,000
Information Functions
=isnumber(value) 1 Test Cell: 5
=iserror(Cell) 0
=isblank(Cell) 0
=istext(value) 0

How are these functions useful? Suppose you want to calculate the averag
of the range A1:A4, but you can't be sure that the cells contain numbers.
The formula AVERAGE(A1:A4) returns the #DIV/0! error value if A1:A4 do
not contain any numbers. To allow for this case, you can use the following
formula to locate potential errors:

IF(ISERROR(AVERAGE(A1:A4)),"No Numbers",AVERAGE(A1:A4))
you want to calculate the average
that the cells contain numbers.
#DIV/0! error value if A1:A4 does
case, you can use the following

ers",AVERAGE(A1:A4))
Forecasting Functions
Creating a Best Fit Line Using TREND() Creating a Best Fit Line Using LINEST()

Predicted Y Predicted Y
Month Sales TREND() Month Sales LINEST() Slope
1 4200 4543 1 4200 0 1122.86
2 6100 5666 2 6100 0
3 7300 6789 3 7300 0
4 7300 7911 4 7300 0
5 8700 9034 5 8700 0
6 10500 10157 6 10500 0

Predicting Values Using TREND() Predicting Values Using FORECAST()

Month Sales Month Sales
1 4200 1 4200
2 6100 2 6100
3 7300 3 7300
4 7300 4 7300
5 8700 5 8700
6 10500 6 10500
7 11280 Prediction 7 11280 Prediction
8 12403 Prediction 8 12220 Prediction
9 13526 Prediction 9 13384 Prediction
Y Intercept
3420
 DPCache_Sheet1
Product Month Region Revenue
Brazilian Coff January North 43200
Brazilian Coff February North 45000
Brazilian Coff March North 35280
Brazilian Coff April North 39600
Brazilian Coff May North 39960
Brazilian Coff June North 39600
Brazilian Coff January East 39600
Brazilian Coff February East 42300
Brazilian Coff March East 42300
Brazilian Coff April East 42750
Brazilian Coff May East 43650
Brazilian Coff June East 44550
Brazilian Coff January South 39600
Brazilian Coff February South 42300
Brazilian Coff March South 42300
Brazilian Coff April South 42750
Brazilian Coff May South 43650
Brazilian Coff June South 44550
Brazilian Coff January West 41280
Brazilian Coff February West 41760
Brazilian Coff March West 39360
Brazilian Coff April West 40900
Brazilian Coff May West 42000
Brazilian Coff June West 43500
Turkish Coffe January North 35000
Turkish Coffe February North 35500
Turkish Coffe March North 36900
Turkish Coffe April North 36100
Turkish Coffe May North 36400
Turkish Coffe June North 36100
Turkish Coffe January East 22100
Turkish Coffe February East 24300
Turkish Coffe March East 24300
Turkish Coffe April East 24600
Turkish Coffe May East 25400
Turkish Coffe June East 23100
Turkish Coffe January South 26200
Turkish Coffe February South 24500
Turkish Coffe March South 24300
Turkish Coffe April South 24800
Turkish Coffe May South 25400
Turkish Coffe June South 26100
Turkish Coffe January West 23400
Turkish Coffe February West 23800
Turkish Coffe March West 23900
Turkish Coffe April West 23100
Turkish Coffe May West 24000
Turkish Coffe June West 23200

Page 25
 DPCache_Sheet1
French CoffeeJanuary North 50700
French CoffeeFebruary North 52900
French CoffeeMarch North 41200
French CoffeeApril North 46400
French CoffeeMay North 46900
French CoffeeJune North 46400
French CoffeeJanuary East 46400
French CoffeeFebruary East 49700
French CoffeeMarch East 49700
French CoffeeApril East 50200
French CoffeeMay East 51300
French CoffeeJune East 52400
French CoffeeJanuary South 46400
French CoffeeFebruary South 49700
French CoffeeMarch South 49700
French CoffeeApril South 50200
French CoffeeMay South 51300
French CoffeeJune South 52400
French CoffeeJanuary West 48400
French CoffeeFebruary West 49000
French CoffeeMarch West 46100
French CoffeeApril West 48000
French CoffeeMay West 49300
French CoffeeJune West 51100

Page 26