ie eg ee AQU ATIC LIFE Vegetables, Fruits, Insects and Aquatic Life PaintingsBy Johnson Susing Chow Vegetables, Fruits, Insects and Aquatic Life Book 4 Aquatic Life Table of Contents ‘Aquatic Life: An Overview ‘Small Fishes Small Fishes and Chinese Hibiscus ‘Small Fishes and Arrowhead Flowers Fishes in Abbreviated Style White Fishes A Shoal of Fishes Red Swordtail Red Swordiail (Sketch One) Red Swordlail (Sketch Two) Lyretail Molly Lyretail Molly and Aquatic Plant (Sketch One) Lyretail Molly and Aquatic Plant (Sketch Two) Angel Fish Angel Fish and Aquatic Plant (Sketch One) Angel Fish and Aquatic Plant (Sketch Two) Fresh Water Shrimp Fresh Wator Shrimps Swimming towards the Leit Fresh Wator Shrimps Swimming towards the Right Lobster Lobster (Sketch One) Lobster (Sketch Two) Lake Crab Lake Crab (Sketch One) Lake Crab (Sketch Twa) Sea Crab Sea Crab (Sketch One) Sea Crab (Sketch Two) Gold Fish Gold Fish (Sketch One) Gold Fish (Sketch Two) Catfish Catfish Cattish with Small Fishes Mandarin Fish Mandarin Fish with Willow Branch Mandarin Fish and Fallen Flowers Carp Carp (Sketch One) Carp (Sketch Two) Koi Vermillion Koi koi in Different Colours. Shells Mussel, Conch, Glam and Limpet (Sketch One) Mussel, Conch, Glam and Limpet (Sketch Two) Tortoise A Crawling Tortoise Mother Tortoise and Child8 ff Ree H [ERAS IEEE | o TUPLE ALI + ARREST 1» MEIER + Wie He He RB EW 2 LAS, TIL | «HAE SLA oT © SOA: AE + SASL ALP Pek > ALA AT AE Ain IMATE PL PRE + TAR HY BZ 1S SEN o SERRA ME» MIMEEHE ALOREMEMR RARER + AMT «SOE + HL S00 + TEAR SEMIS + A AP RUM are «ALL EDS» i HLL eA EARS Se MTGE AE + APE + APRA + AV ~ PRIA HL » Pe SCR > HES » eta + HEMET AC» ARERR RUTH Oe Ja Se Hg + FMA FEOIRETEL «CME — -EMPMERAR PA AHOS » TORSTTE + MCAS + PREIS + SBUOVSEAR [ER FR + MURS ZIRE + IR OUR SoBe © EMER ACHSEION (aE + fq. TE BEPPSECE UR HDAC SRAEEREUDD » SICA + ORME SR MEI» — ReRAT TL BLA BLUE FE SAAT A RUD © AER + “INR OLAERNICTIOH > OL Or SEKLINITE © MALARIAL IE ie + FELIS RAE DAT CA CR AS AS LARA © Carp ‘When the carp wind blows, the hibiscus begins to get old.” The autumn wind begins to blow in September, a time when the carp is at its fattest. Carps choose this time of the year to swim upstream in groups, ready for propagation. The Chinese, therefore, named the cool wind of this time of the year the “carp wind’. There are two kinds of carps, the pond carp and the river carp. Pond carps are being raised by men, while river carps live in the wild. Some carps may follow the flow of the river to the sea, and live at the intersection of fresh and salty waters. These are called the “sea carps”. The carp is a very adaptable fish. it can survive in water with low oxygen level, or with a slightly higer salinity level. The carp feeds on a large variety of food types, and eats both vegetables and meat. In the pond, carps feed on the vegetation at the bottom and on harmful insects. In doing so, they are very effective in keeping the pond clean, For the last two thousand and hour hundred years, the carp has been one of the most important fishes raised by fish farmers in China. The body of the carp is long and slightly flat at the sides. It is greenish yellow in colour, has two pairs of barbels, and hard, prickly dorsal and anal fins. Carps live at the bottom of ponds. They grow fast, are very resilient, and can tolerate high temperatures as well as heavy polution. In China, with the exception of the highlands in the west, carps are found in all fish ponds, in regions stretching from the north to the south of the country. It takes three years for the carp to reach maturity. Between the end of summer and the beginning of autumn, they stuff themselves with food, and become very fat. The female will then hibemate, carrying their eggs within them. During the following spring, around the time of ‘ingzhe”, or “waking of insects", which is the third climatic period in the lunar calendar, the carps, like other insects and reptiles, will come out from their hibernation and become active again, The female carps will be big with eggs. The fish farmers will then make nests with aquatic plants that have fibrous roots, for the carps to lay their eggs. There are usually fifty to a hundred thousand eggs stuck onto the nests every time. Baby fishes hatch within three days. Without the nests, the baby fishes will fall to the bottom of the pond and die of suffocation. The carp is a very tasty fish. In olden days, scholars wanted to emulate the fighting spirit of the carps when they dart and try to struggle up stream. They abstain from carp throughout their lives7 AZ gal esBAO AURA BREE © oR eR: ASS ARAB + Berk > PRS ARISE + HERAT DAP AK » GEOL © LAR LYFE + SESE ERK © OTTER» PALLIBLL > MeZERRUPRI UIT SR: © PRATER 0 GEAITORAN + BINT FR © Dae FRAG + ELI © OER LITIRSA RM © MURAI OLDER » BARAT + oneL TEMS » RRS IRAB ER 0 TE ik EAT RA Carp (Sketch One) In this sketch, the carp is painted with water and ink and light colours. + Use very dark ink and one brush stroke, go from the head to the part near the tail ‘+ Mixthe ink in the same brush with a little bit of water, and make a second brush stroke. ‘+ Again, mix the ink in the same brush with some more water, and make a third brush stroke. ‘These three brush strokes will cover the back and body of the fish. The colour of the ink will go from dark to a gradually lighter shade. ‘+ Draw the mouth and the barbels. Draw the eye sockets, and paint the area around the sockets with dark ink. Use light ink to draw the gill. Draw the pectoral, pelvic, anal and caudal fins. Use a darker shade of ink to draw the spiny lines on the fins, + Draw the dorsal fin. Then use light ink and one brush stroke only to draw the belly of the fish, up the tail + Make small squares on the body of the fish and dot on the scales. The squares must be even and regular, getting smaller as they reach the tail * Use light umber to colour the cornea of the eyes, the gil, and to dot the white belly. These dots represent the scales. + Lastly, use dry ink (the darkest shade of ink black) to dot the eyes.#20 AAD ARREZ OE > ATRRBDBRRE AC IRTABESS © BAAR SNS © Camp (Sketch Two) This sketch depicts the jumping carp. Convey the strong jumping motion of the carp above the surface of the water. Please refer to the previous sketch for painting instructions.Di 44 joSit RR AEH ‘GED BIT ACE RE + FEC NAL + 417 IRE © CENA ET SEO + AR GRIEG « DLR AILAURIAR « BBARIRERC + MEL IRAE © Gala SETA + MIE MEAL AAR « RRL + ARTA ACR MH SENATORS, © FATED BER Pa © ASIST AAG BI ~ ERE BORE + AR RTA SiG © SPAT SEENE + FDR + + Se RE ESATA. SH SrA AE FEAST + BUS © HMRI + FE SIMMS AE +» SCARE Ia NUTT CES RMN REIT + ACH RAPA MMNS LIED o GARR ANTT + ARGS» PERRIS + MAWGGOR + SLAW» SR ROOLI « STRBIRE AR ACE > MBER > TRAC > PRIS > TETRA E-free ‘wOBUA TE LSE © HARGIS + PLACATE «RCL LAB MPLATSE RAR + LAER I Ae © LU SACS ARTUR © RCAF 11 ASAT MEE A ICRA + PAG RL SA ET © I BA SRA HP a > fe este EA ble APTI RO UBL AY © Koi It has taken a very long evolution for the grey carp to become a carp completely vermillion in colour, and from that, to become a multi-coloured carp or koi. The variety of colours on the body of the koi are countless, as are the pattems. They come in every possible colour, pure or motley; and patterns range from irregualr patches to stripes or dots. The result is dazzling to the eye. People who keep koi will ok for the colourful patterns on the fish, their shape and their position on the body, the rarer the pattem, the more valuable the fish. Koi lovers pay a high price in order to bring the fish home as pets. In Japan, research is being done on koi. There are also experts in koi, and organisations formed to promote the rearing of koi; as well as colourful publications, magazines, and academic books on koi, recording pedigree species, plotting their evolutions and tracing them to their ancesters, The books also provide information and suggestions on or about the environment, care, feeding, breeding, hatching, diseases, cure and medicine for or ofthe fish, making it easy for the koi lovers. In the landscaping of oriental homesteads, and in the planning and construction of famous ‘gardens, the koi pool is often the centre of the design. The owners are wiling to spend a lot of money to keep koi for decoration. Just imagine yourself in a garden surrounded by winding Porticos, decorated with rock hills, pavilions, pagodas and elaborate fences of various heights. A pond suddenly comes into view, the water clear as glass. Inside, fishes swim to and fro, their colourful scales glistening, The fishes float and sink, gather together and disperse again, capturing your attention, spurring your imagination, and providing a treat for your eyes. This is indeed a very enjoyable activity for the few leisurely moments snatched from a busy life. No ancient Chinese artist has ever painted the koi. In those days, the koi was in fact not in existence. Artists only painted the greenish grey carps. It is only during this century that artists begin to paint koi. Artist from the Guangdong Province who studied in Japan often use koi in their paintings. Just as the koi is being transported to China from Japan, art trends are often bom through the mutual influence of two countries.ARAL oT mR » {UNE AEL ~ AUR ~ RU + AAT + BRR + RS ~ SPO + ARON ~ EPL > IE TLRS EAT RERTAD EF HURARAT 0 HL Re ERA © ATOR + ERR RCP LAURLEE > LSC ATRTSRACATESADIRIRG + RPRELLOLAT Vermillion Kot ‘+ Use ink to draw the outline of the whole fish, the head, the lips, eye sockets, nostris, gills, pelvic fins, anal fins and caudal fins. When drawing the outline for the back, leave space for the dorsal fins. ‘+ Colour all the fins. the gills, and the areas to be covered by red spots with light vermillion red. Use light vermillion red to draw the lines and stripes on the scales. Use dark vermilion red to colour the head, the dorsal fins, and the red spots on the back. This colour should cover a slightly smaller area than that previously covered by the lighter vermillion red. Use the darker vermillion red to draw the spiny lines on all the fins with the exception of the dorsal fins. + Use aniline red to colour over the lips, nostrils, barbels, eye sockets, gills, and the spiny lines on the dorsal fins. ‘+ Use black to dot the eyes. Use light brownish yellow to colour the comea. The lighted areas in the eyes should be left blankPE Sake eS SUUTIA » PERTH SCERRAA « ORAM THERE > ACI AIE + OR > PRR eo FRET ALARA EZ BEBA © BYEAR ALEATRE © © RARER AS RADAGTA © HEGUIE + RUBE > RESESER AUER © PTABEAZEIRE: © REPS AS ES PRS BA OER © Kol in Different Colours ‘+ The basic methods are the same as in the previous sketch. Please refer to the previous sketch for detailed instructions. ‘After finishing drawing the outlines, use light umber to colour the gills, scale, and fins. Then use white to colour over the whole fish. + Inthe area near the back of the fish, put on the dots with dark vermillion red. Lastly, dot the eyes with dry ink, ‘+ To paint the black koi, refer to the sketch under “carp”. Colour the gill, the belly, and the caudal fin with light umber. Colour the back with dark umber. To paint the weeds, please refer to Sketch Two, “Lyretail Molly and Aquatic Plant” in this, manual.* ts Dy Ae RRA EN AcatPT RISER ~ We + ELS ARIES. + CUSRARAR ke Se SER SD HA © Ly Le 2 RAR NIE CURR ni » BLEEK « AITTEBEHEIEY © Se: —$ I OAT TL » ARIEHHIMDIE «FORE A ATOR > SHED ~ Tinh + RRMA + 1 Hatha + HEB IEIRA = PERL EURRES TERE 0 AE A SCRA PB © OFF LASTS MEP TMT ESR» CAL ELLA + ASH + (Pe SORE MS» BENECARILARECAENE + LIOR» MSE DUM PP eT SEBEL + 23 JUAMERRSE + GISELE RTAURNNE © Me eT tA ATEN + TEER + IRIEL «BERR oreeerdvhs EBERT TASC WATE FF SUBLET STRR > ARK © Shells In this manual, we are going to depict the shells of the conch, the clam, the limpet and the mussel, “Shells” is the word used by this manual to cover all of the above molluscs. Conch is a gastropod mollusc with a coiled shell, Some examples of the conch are the land winkle, the periwinkle, and the barnacle. Bamacle is a name commonly used for small size conches. The most common kinds are those with pear-shape coiled shells like what the Chinese call the “copper rust coil” and the “shuttle conch’, They live in streams and lakes, and can be used for food, ‘The clam is a mollusc with round, triangular or oval-shape shells. The top part of the shell protrudes slightly while the two valves of the shell enclosing the clam are completely symmetrical. The surface of the shell may be smooth or covered by concentric circular lines. Clams live on the sandy bottom of shallow seas, ‘Small clams have rounded triangular shells. The surface of the shells are covered with fine fabric-lke patterns, The colour can be red, yellow, purple, brown or others. There is a kind of multi-colour clams, sometimes called the ‘spotted clam’. Their appearance is the same as the ‘ther clams, but their shells are smaller and thinner. The colour and pattern on their shells come in large varieties. They live on the sandy bottom of shallow seas, ‘The mussel is a bivalve mollusc with oval shells. Large mussels can reach the size of over one foot, while the smaller kinds are about four to five inches. The shells are black with a slight tinge of green, and lined with circular stripes. Mussels live in fresh water. In olden days, shells were used as currency. There are people who collect shells as a hobby. ‘The study of shells is a special branch of knowledge. Admiring the shape, construction, colour and pattem of the shells makes one realise the greatness of the creator. Artists get inspirations from shells, and come up with masterpieces of art. Architects model on shells to create innovative constructions for people to live in. Shells can be made into jewelery, materials for craft, wine containers, musical instruments etc. It is really amazing how great a contibution a ‘small piece of shell can make to the human race.mm is RRS Es CO SI RIRDEAR » SeAIARLSEaNE OS » SENET » HOMETE > LINK RIN MRUREL » TERRE GOR MCRLALSREEEE © OR © ENROLL FORMER » TES ERGHE » ORR UERE ES © ORS ea TECARIMZ te » SCARIER > ARO HINCAE » RAMMSERLAU EI » ore, Cake > TIES © ALTER Oe + FAD ERR HNL ARIAL © FELLER aOR TR Hh ‘Mussel, Conch, Clam and Limpet (Sketch One) + Whatever the shape of the shell first use ink and water to draw the outline, + Draw the clam. After drawing the outline, colour with pastel brown. Then use light brownish black to colour the horizontal circular lines, and dark brovmnish black to dot the spots along the lines. ‘+ Draw the yellow conch. Use light ink to shade the areas along the outlines and at the depressions. Apply umber evenly. Colour the opening of the shell with dark umber. ‘+ Draw the river mussel. After drawing the outline, use the rubbing method to bring out the horizontal lines. Use a dry brush for some of the areas to bring out the texture of the shell Colour with light brownish black, leaving out the lighted area on the raised portion of the shell. ‘+ After drawing the outline of the limpet, use light umber to colour the horizontal circular lines and the vertical fines. Then use brownish black to colour the lines on the neck and the body of the limpet. ais RR RES AO M TASH « SALARIES » FACIE > PRRLUENEDL » EaRRCIOMIRURERE: » DRAB & SPOR ~ SMB 0 HATE 0 FETE LAG AUER + We EBERT © SUR © FF SLATRURRHH © Teitah © GRR > CITI » BERRA CNHSL » Seana eRe © lussel, Conch, Clam and Limpet (Sketch Two) Draw the clam. Use ink to draw the outline. Colour with white. Use light ink to draw the vertical lines. At the end of the lines, colour with light umber. Use light ink to draw the horizontal lines. Draw the tooth-shape conch. Use ink to draw the outline. Colour with white. Use umber to colour over the white, going from light to a darker shade. Use dark umber to colour the neck of the conch. Draw the yellow conch, Please refer to the previous sketch for instructions. Draw the spotted clam. Use ink to draw the outline. Colour with white. Use light purplish brown to draw the vertical and horizontal lines. Use dark purplish brown to draw the pattern on the shell.C ® & ASR EN GUT HALTER ST, «EL ~ HRT U RE - AEOLARPE (CER BENO TOTAL bE + SSUES AeA IO HE » PULTE AE «HEL CRBS POTER + IRE NSTEMEMTE TS URE F RE LAI = FEAT RR IGN RHTHER EGS © CEPR ZY AT + BRAT AEE LAURER © THEN BCALNR © EGR TTREAUED AG TRE 0 TATRES © TBE RADY DL ARTE SPER APRA BA» OL ABIELBA PR = CAE AL ASS > AUER EAE RE BLUAREADTRE - HAS + BREF HL DIARIES OIC HE © URL MTT AENEAN + MSE BIO RSE + CHUTE > SRITAEMME + AEM EATS © PGA THE + ARRAS + tm GASB) + GREASE) OF o CERI PE Di > PRR IEE A MGR © ARNOTT o TFURAT AGU + On + ROADS A ROMER HP 0 TRREARS + AFTRA ~ HUN = HBG + Gee ~ Ac + Sea «ARE + PARMAR = MAT Ve BIZ GRACH, © 8) SARIN RBA Se HRSA RS MN © AERREE Pe doath DBMS ALES - GIES + SURTTERE + RR = BTA PUBL IMT HEA © Tortoise ‘Since ancient times, the tortoise has been considered a propitious animal. The tortoise, together with the dragon, the phoenix and the unicorn, have been named the “four spirttuals”. During the Yan Shang period, important historical records and oracles were inscribed on tortoise shells. Historians of a later dale looked upon these as primary materials. Based on these materials, historians were able to substantiate and amend deficiencies of written records and give creditabilty to the history of the period. Before the Ming Dynasty, the tortoise had great respect from the people. The image of the tortoise was found amongst the sculptures decorating the tombs of emperors, used as an emblem on the flags of generals, on the seals of the nobles, on jade and rock carvings, and in crafts and omamental objects as a symbol of good omen. The tortoise was at the peak of its popularity. In the Tang period, “gui’, the Chinese word for tort used as a name. ‘There was, for example, a leader of the court musicians called “Li Guinian’. This trend passed to Japan and Korea. To this day, quite a number of Japanese and Koreans still use “gui” in their names. After the Ming Dynasty, there was a rumour that the female tortoises secretly mated with the snakes to produce the young, This rumour was used to reflect on the infidelity ‘of married women. The reputation of the tortoise was damaged. Its image gradually disappeared from clothings, omaments and utentsils. It is believed that the tortoise could live up to a thousand years. The word “tortoise” is being used, therefore, in well wishing phrases for people's birthdays. There are phrases like “the longevity of the tortoise and the crane”, or “ongoing years comparable to those of the tortoise and the crane”. About one thousand and five hundred years ago, Ge Hong of the East Jin Dynasty wrote about the tortoise. According to him, the tortoise is a reptile with a hard shell ‘covering the back and the belly. The head, the tail, and the four limbs can usually be retracted into the shell. The are many species of tortoises and turtles. Some examples are the sea turlle, the hawksbill, the giant sea turtle, the spotted shell turtle, the pond turtle, the snake necked turtle, the green turtle and the box turtle etc. The tortoise is a very patient animal. it can stay in hiding for long periods. During the end of autumn and the beginning of winter, the tortoise will ‘creep into a hole, and there it will stay, without eating and drinking, til the next spring, when it will resume its normal activities. The tortoise likes to eat insects and worms. its most active seasons are spring and summer. The image of the tortoise is cute and lovable, being quiet, stable, plain and simple. The tortoise has a lot to contribute to human kind.108, SER » AHMAR >» UR PRE 0 TERUE LEBER A © SR EALEESAS > HURBEE © i LE > a eRe! BME BEM © ‘ACrawling Tortoise ‘+ Use light ink to draw the shell of the tortoise. There are a total of thirteen joint pieces, five in the middle, and four on each side. ‘+ Use ligh ink to draw the outline of the head and the neck, and circle the socket. Draw the four legs and the tail. On the head and the legs, dot the coarse and rough parts of the skin, ‘+ Use yellowish brown to colour the neck and the soles of the legs. ‘+ Use brownish black to colour the shell, the head, the legs and the tail. Then use dark ‘umber to dot the coarse and tough skin for a second time. ‘+ Dot the eyes.0 Faa OE + ERENT Fh SRS AN + PRS Lae + SAR > BRE LIZ UE © BRE SB + OUR FREES © ARGRRLE © Mother Tortoise and Child «To paint the mother tortoise, please refer to the previous sketch. * Draw the child tortoise. First use light ink to paint one patch of black. Then use dark ink to draw the pattems on the shell. Differentiate between the top of the shell and the part of the Underside that is visible. Use light ink to draw the head, the four legs and the tail. Lastly, dot the eyes. \s 2 & oe Raa y soba 4354 %& aaa 4 . fist # 4 Ma