TOPICS TO STUDY

Circuit Breaker:
Purpose: To interrupt or break the circuit.
Types: Vacuum type CB, SF6 gas type CB, Air type CB, Oil type CB
Test of CB: CB Timing Test (Open/Close timing), CB Contact Resistance test, Megger test (Insulation resistance test), Vacuum

Protection Relay:
Purpose: To protect the system. It sense fault current from Current transformer and give signal to CB for tripping/OFF for p
Types: Lockout, Overcurrent, Earth Fault, Over voltage, under voltage, differential, distance protection.
Name of ABB relays: REF 545(feeder protection), RED 670(differential protection), RET 541(transformer protection), RED61
Test: Current injection test, tripping test.
Note: Relay Cordination study

Transformer:
Purpose: To make the voltage level step up/step down. In distribution system usually step down.
In wadi ad dawasir there is 132KV/33KV/13.8KV step down substation. In Maaden there is 115KV/34.5KV/13.8K
Types: Oil type, Dry type transformer.
Test: Megger testing, Transformer turns ratio test, winding resistance test etc.

Switchgear:
Purpose: To provide or interrupt supply to the system by switching(ON/OFF) the circuit. It includes CB, CT, PT, relays, Bus ba
Type: Air insulated switchgear (AIS), Gas insulated switchgear (GIS), Highly integrated switchgear (HIS) also called hybrid as
Test: Bus bar hi-pot test

Tests:
Megger Testing: It is insulation resistance test by injecting voltage(1KV to 10KV) to the electrical equipment like transforme
CB timing test: check the opening and closing type of CB by applying tripping command to CB.
CB Contact Resistance test: Check the resistance of CB contacts.
Vacuum bottle test: Check the vacuum insulation of CB by applying voltage.
Transformer turns ratio test: Check the transformer turns ratio at different tappings.
Winding resistance test: Check the resistance of windings of transformer.
Hi-pot test: Applying high voltage(usually twice the rated voltage of switchgear) for testing the integrity of switchgear.
Insulation resistance test), Vacuum bottle test

signal to CB for tripping/OFF for protection of system.

ce protection.
1(transformer protection), RED615 ( Cable differential Protection)

den there is 115KV/34.5KV/13.8KV/480V step down substation.

t includes CB, CT, PT, relays, Bus bars.

tchgear (HIS) also called hybrid as combination of both AIS and GIS.

ectrical equipment like transformer/CB/Power cable to check the insulation integrity.

ng the integrity of switchgear.