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ENGLISH
© 2011 Page 1
CEDS ENGLISH
www.cedsgt.com
Edited by
John Glasgow
CEDS ENGLISH
© Custom English Design Services S.A. 2011
www.cedsgt.com
4 Ave. “A” 21-25, Zone 14, Guatemala City
(502) 2363-2475 / (502) 2368-3267
Guatemala
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1 Chapter 11
ENGLISH 3
ENGLISH 1
Section 1 Nice to Meet You! 1 Section 1 Our Company is Great! 53
Chapter 2 Chapter 12
Section 1 The Computer Is On! 4 Section 1 Do you Come on 58
Tuesday?
Section 2 The Invoices Are Here. 8 Short Answers
Section 3 The Men Are My Friends. 10
Chapter 13
Section 4 I Speak English and 13 Section 1 He Checks the Checks. 63
Spanish.
Chapter 3 Chapter 14
Section 1 What Is Your Name? 16 Section 1 No, I Don’t Work Here. 66
Chapter 4 Chapter 15
Section 1 One, Two, Three… 19 Section 1 One Hundred Reasons to 70
Learn English…
Chapter 5
Section 1 What Time Is It? 22
Chapter 6 Chapter 16
ENGLISH 2
ENGLISH 4
Section 1 He’s in the Office. 29 Section 1 First Come, First Served. 77
Chapter 7 Chapter 17
Section 1 She Studies and Works. 32 Section 1 Classes Begin in May. 81
Section 2 Where Are You From? 35 Chapter 18
Chapter 8 Section 1 What Do You Do? 85
Chapter 10
Section 1 Her Job is Exciting! 46
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ENGLISH 5
Chapter 22
Section 1 She Ordered the Supplies 100
Yesterday. Chapter E
Section 1 Consonant Sound 5 146
Chapter 23
Section 1 You Had Lunch Here, 104 Section 2 Consonant Sound 7 148
Right?
Chapter 24
Section 1 I Didn’t Know That! 107
Chapter 25
Section 1 Did You Get my Message? 110
Chapter A English 1
Accent & Pronunciation
Reinforcement Activities
Section 1 The “th” Sounds 117 Reinforcement Activities. 152
Chapter B English 2
Section 1 Consonant Sound 3 121 Reinforcement Activities. 165
Section 2 Consonant Sound 1a 123 English 3
Chapter C Reinforcement Activities. 171
Tables
Appendices
196
English 1
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Essential Expressions
To be polite use:
Greetings Farewells
Bye
Hello
I will talk to you later
Hi !
Hi
See you tomorrow
Good morning
Have a nice day
Good afternoon
Good bye
Good evening
Good night
Titles
Formal:
Female
Male Single Female Married Female
(Single? Married?)
Mr. (Mister) Miss Mrs. (Missus) Ms.
Mr. Nick Smith Miss Marks Mrs. Nora Davis Ms. Susan Brown
Mr. Johnson Miss Lisa Marks Mrs. Davis Ms. Brown
Mr. Nick Miss Lisa Mrs. Nora Ms. Susan
Introductions
When you meet somebody use an introduction.
To Respond to an Introduction
Nice to meet you [too].
It’s a pleasure to meet you [too].
© 2011 Page 1
CEDS ENGLISH
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Activity 1
Circle the correct expressions in each group.
.
Greetings: Goodbye , Hello! , Good Morning
Activity 2
In the space, write:
1. 4 greetings
(2 with time of day)
2. 2 introductions
3. 2 farewells
Activity 3
Write in the line:
greeting
introduction, or
farewell
5. It’s a pleasure
6. Nice to meet you.
to meet you.
7. My name is
8. I am Lisa.
Jack.
9. I will talk to
10. Good morning.
you later.
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Turn off the lights and any machines you are
not using. Help preserve the planet.
Source: centraRSE
www.cedsgt.com
Activity 4
Circle the mistakes.
Activity 5
Complete the conversation.
my name is
It’s a pleasure to meet you.
good afternoon
I will talk to you later.
I am
Activity 6
Complete the conversation.
© 2011 Page 3
CEDS ENGLISH
English 1
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Activity 1
Name the objects in the picture.
Nouns
A noun names a thing, a place, or a person.
Common Proper
book United States Constitution
house Louvre Museum
country Canada
city Tokyo
man Steven
doctor Nancy Evans
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Activity 2
Match the nouns with the pictures.
1. desk
2. chair
3. lamp
4. telephone
5. clock
Activity 3
Write the correct noun next to the picture.
Activity 4
Circle the nouns.
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Activity 5
Write the nouns.
0. kdes desk
1. hicar
2. eeohtnelp
3. plam
4. tcmrpoeu
5. sieepttcioirn
Activity 6
Circle the nouns.
Activity 7
Write a P for proper nouns or a C for common nouns.
1. telephone C 2. America
3. Thelma 4. filing cabinet
5. chair 6. Paris
7. Susan 8. dog
9. receptionist 10. Allen
.
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Activity 8
Identify the nouns in the picture.
chair
Activity 9
Write more examples.
COMMON
THINGS PLACES PEOPLE
PROPER
THINGS PLACES PEOPLE
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CEDS ENGLISH
English 1
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Articles
Articles tell you if a noun is specific or general.
the a
Specific General
the book a book
the manager a manager
the teacher a teacher
the computer a computer
the classroom a classroom
an
an assignment
an occasion
an umbrella
an article
an email
Activity 1
Write the nouns in the correct column.
invoice, speech, report, invitation, camera, hour, phone, door, email, envelope
a an
a camera an envelope
.
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Activity 2
Complete the sentences with “a” or “the”.
Activity 3
Complete the sentences with “a” or “an”.
0. I need an envelope.
1. He works in ______ office.
2. I read ______ story.
3. Anna sends ______ email
4. The secretary corrects ______ letter.
5. You read ______ article in the newspaper.
Activity 4
Circle the correct option.
Activity 5
Write sentences with articles, use words from Activity 1.
invoice, speech, report, invitation, camera, hour, phone, door, email, envelope
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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English 1
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Noun Plurals
To form regular plurals in English add an “s”.
Singular Plural
Type Add
Nouns Forms
book books
Ending in: teacher teachers
+s
a Consonant window windows
computer computers
university universities
Ending in: +ys
city cities
consonant + y +ies
lady ladies
Ending in: Chair - Chairs
ch watch watches
wish wishes
sh +es
class classes
s fax faxes
x
Ending in: volcano volcanoes
+es
“o” tomato tomatoes
Important
Irregular Plurals
Singular Plural
Nouns Forms Brush - Brushes
person people
woman women
man men
child children
Boss - Bosses
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Activity 1
Write the plural of the underlined word.
Activity 2
Circle the correct form of the plural.
Activity 3
Match the sentences on the left with the sentences on the right. Follow the example.
Activity 4
Write the correct form of the plural. Follow the example.
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Activity 5
Write the correct plurals.
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Change your light bulbs. Compact fluorescent
light bulbs save about 75% in energy consumption.
Source: centraRSE
English 1
www.cedsgt.com
Conjunctions
Conjunctions join nouns, phrases or sentences.
Conjunction Meaning:
“and” Addition
Conjunction Meaning:
“or” Alternative
I will buy
vegetables
or fruits.
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Activity 1
Write “and”/ “or” to finish the sentence.
-
Activity 2
Complete the sentences by writing the correct letter in the space.
Activity 3
Write 5 sentences using “and”/ “or”. Follow the examples.
Activity 4
Write 5 sentences. Follow the example.
-
Activity 5
Write “and”/ “or” to finish the sentence.
Activity 6
Write the sentences in order.
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English 1
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Essential Expressions
Read the list. Which things are important to know?
name address
first name company
last name hobbies
nationality job
age university
married/single pets
Common Questions
Questions Answers
What is your name? My name is Peter Harris.
What is your last name? My last name is Harris.
What do you do? I’m a manager.
What is this? It’s a computer.
Where do you work? I work at ___.
Where do you study? I study at ___.
Where are you from? I’m from Italy.
Where are you? I’m in the classroom.
Who is your secretary? Ms. Allen is my secretary.
Are you married or single? I’m single.
How old are you? I’m 25 [years old].
Activity 1
Match the words with the pictures.
Activity 2
Write the correct letter in the column.
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Make signs that say “Don’t forget to turn off the lights”. Hang
them next to the light switches people forget to turn off.
Source: centraRSE
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Activity 3
Order the words to write questions.
2. 2. I’m a ____________.
3. 3. I work in ____________.
4. 4. I’m ____________.
Activity 4
Write the correct words.
4. What _________this?
Activity 5
Write the correct words.
1. I’m a _________.
2. It’s _________computer.
Vocabulary
From 1 to 20.
From 0 to 10 From 11 to 20
0 zero / oh 11 eleven
1 one 12 twelve
2 two 13 thirteen
3 three 14 fourteen
4 four 15 fifteen
5 five 16 sixteen
6 six 17 seventeen
7 seven 18 eighteen three boxes
8 eight 19 nineteen
9 nine 20 twenty
10 ten
Activity 1
Write the numbers.
one 1 eighteen
eleven 11 twenty
three two
seven four
nine twelve
thirteen five
fifteen seventeen
six eight
Activity 2
Write the correct numbers in letters:
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Activity 3
Complete the questions and answers.
3+9=? … 3+9=12 What’s __three_ and _nine_? _Three_ and _nine_ is _twelve_.
Activity 4
Write the answer in letters.
Activity 5
Write the correct number in letters for each box. Follow the example.
______two______ _________________
_________________ _________________
_________________ _________________
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Activity 6
Write the correct number for each box.
_____twelve_____ _________________
_________________ _________________
_________________ _________________
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Remember to unplug your cell phone charger. It
consumes electricity even without your cell phone.
Source: centraRSE
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English 1
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Telling Time
.
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Prepositions of Time
Use prepositions to indicate a relation.
Preposition at Preposition on
For Hours For Days
at 11:00 on Monday
at 7:00 on Tuesday
at 12:15 on Wednesday
at 3:05 on Thursday
at night on Friday
at noon (12:00 P.M.) on Saturday
at midnight (12:00 A.M.) on Sunday
Activity 1
Write the days of the week in order.
Monday
Sunday
Activity 2
Write the days of the week correctly.
tuesdai saturday
Wensday Sonday
Tuhrsday
.
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Activity 3
Write the times.
12:15 __________fifteen
9:10 __________ten
Activity 4
Write questions and answers.
1. ? … 6:15
2. ? … 8:05
3. ? … 1:00
4. ? …12:13
5. ? … 3:16
.
Activity 5
Complete the sentences with “on” or “at”.
Activity 6
Fill in the blanks with appropiate words.
1. He works on ____________.
6. I call at ____________.
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
On a hot day, remember to use fans instead of air
conditioners. Fans use a lot less electricity.
Source: centraRSE
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NOTES
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NOTES
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NOTES
English 2
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Activity 1
Review: Write 3 more words in each column.
Nominative Pronouns
A nominative pronoun tells you the “actor” in a sentence.
Nominative
Can Take the Place of… Examples
Pronouns
I --- ---
singular
you a group that includes “you” you and the team, you and Ben
they a group that does NOT include “I” or “you” the employees, my colleagues
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Activity 2
Underline the nominative pronouns.
3. at - on - Monday - he - we
Activity 3
Draw a picture to represent each nominative pronoun.
she it they he
.
you (singular) I you (plural) we
.
Activity 4
Circle the correct nominative pronouns.
You and Bill are very intelligent. 3. (You/We) are very intelligent.
.
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Activity 5
Change the nominative pronoun to a noun and rewrite each sentence.
We study mathematics. 2.
He reads an article. 3.
It is red. 4.
Activity 6
Write the correct nominative pronouns.
Activity 7
Circle the correct letter for the nominative pronoun.
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English 2
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y carry carries
Ending in
try tries
consonant + y +ies
study studies
Ending in:
ch catch catches
wash washes
sh es
kiss kisses
s fix fixes
x
Activity 1
Match the sentences on the left with the sentences on the right. Follow the example.
The client asks… at the office.
She works… calls the clients.
The teacher… reads the book.
The secretary… for the receipt.
The fire alarm sounds… gives the lesson.
The student… very loud.
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-
Activity 2
Choose the form of the verb that correctly completes the sentence.
Activity 3
Write the correct form of the verb.
Activity 4
Write the correct form of the verb.
Activity 5
Write a complete sentence. Follow the example.
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Activity 6
Write complete sentences.
1. Sarah (leave)…..
2. The manager (talk)…..
3. I (g0)…..
4. The car (move)….
5. My friends (call)….
-
Activity 7
Circle the mistake. Write the correct sentence.
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Close you curtains on very hot days to keep the hot air out.
You will save on air conditioning energy.
Source: centraRSE
English 2
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EXAMPLES
1. The package arrives from Asia.
EXAMPLES
1. The accountant imports the freight from Asia.
-
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Canada.
India.
Where are you I am from…
The United States.
EXAMPLES
I am from Central America.
I am from Spain.
Where are
I am from India.
you from?
I am from the sales agency.
Activity 1
Write the words.
1. orocdt doctor
2. tcrehae
3. Mxoeic
4. Aasi
5. qeotu
6. lrwaye
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Activity 2
Write the words in the correct column.
package manufacturer
letter technician
quote Asia
accountant Central America
government office contract
plant North America
sales agency proposal
financial officer India
lawyer The United States
advertising agency sales agency
Activity 3
Write the sentences in order
Activity 4
Circle the sentences that are incorrect.
Activity 5
Write a sentence using each word.
2. New York
3. freight
4. send
5. plant
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Do not leave your TV or computer on when you are not using
it.
Source: centraRSE
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CEDS ENGLISH
English 2
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Verb To Be
Use the verb “to be” to tell about a state or condition.
Nominative To Be:
Examples
Pronoun am-is-are
I am I am in the office.
Activity 1
Complete the sentences. Follow the example.
Activity 2
Circle the correct option.
1. Mary ( am / is / are ) the secretary.
2. I ( am / is / are ) a student.
Activity 3
Put the sentences in order.
1. the is he messenger
2. is a Michael programmer
Activity 4
Match the two parts of the sentences.
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Activity 5
Write the letter of the correct answer in the space.
Activity 6
Write complete sentences.
1. Anna/a receptionist.
Anna is a receptionist.
2. Allan and Vanessa / new employees.
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Do not waste water. We waste a lot of energy to clean dirty
water.
Source: centraRSE
English 2
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Parts of the
Day
Prepositions:
in/at
Example Sentences
5:00 AM
6:00 AM She works in the morning.
7:00 AM I come in the morning.
8:00 AM morning
He is here in the morning.
9:00 AM
10:00 AM The client calls in the morning.
11:00 AM
12:00 PM in the
1:00 PM Susan studies in the afternoon.
2:00 PM
afternoon You have lunch in the afternoon.
3:00 PM
4:00 PM Brian reads in the afternoon.
5:00 PM
6:00 PM
evening I drive home in the evening.
7:00 PM
8:00 PM
9:00 PM Brenda sleeps at night.
10:00 PM night at The store closes at night.
11:00 PM You do homework at night.
12:00 PM
I study in the
afternoon.
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Activity 1
Use “in the” or “at” to complete the sentences.
1. I exercise _______ morning.
Activity 2
Write “morning”, “afternoon” or “night” to complete the sentences.
Activity 3
Circle the mistakes.
0. I take a shower at the morning.
Activity 4
Complete the sentences with “in the” or “at”.
Activity 5
Unscramble the sentences.
Activity 6
Write what you eat in the morning, in the afternoon and at night. Follow the example.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Activity 7
Write 5 things you do during the day.
2. (morning):
3. (afternoon):
4. (afternoon):
5. (night):
6. (night):
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English 2
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Possessive Adjectives
Possessive Adjectives give information about possession.
My office
is big.
Possessive
Adjectives
Use before
Nominative
a noun; Examples
Pronouns
never alone
I my My name is Jeff. my describes name
you your Your car is in the garage. your describes car
she her Her office opens on Saturday. her describes office
he his His computer works well. his describes computer
it its Its keyboard is broken. its describes keyboard
we our Our company is small. our describes company
you your Your desks are in the back. your describes desks
they their Their teacher is here. their describes teacher
Activity 1
Write the correct possessive adjective.
1. ____ car is red. (I)
Activity 2
Write the correct possessive adjective.
1. (They) That is ____ responsibility.
Activity 3
Match the sentences.
Activity 4
Unscramble the sentences.
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Activity 5
Circle the correct options.
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Turn off the faucet. Faucets that drip waste 2,192 gallons of
water a year.
Source: centraRSE
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NOTES
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NOTES
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NOTES
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NOTES
English 3
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Adjectives
Adjectives are used to describe a person, place or thing.
It is an old telephone
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Important Adjectives
size color weight quality sound time distance
average black bad annoying
big blue heavy excellent disturbing far
early
short red light fair loud close
late
small white good quiet nearby
tall yellow great pleasant
Activity 1
Circle the adjectives.
Activity 2
Underline the adjective in the sentences.
Activity 3
Circle the mistakes. Write the correct sentences.
Activity 4
Underline the mistakes. Write the correct sentences.
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Activity 5
Write 3 or more adjectives to describe the following words.
Activity 6
Add an adjective to each sentence. Write the new sentences.
Activity 7
Use adjectives to describe things in the picture.
or
or
or
or
or
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Energy efficient dishwashers help us save water. Dishwashers
use 37% less water than washing dishes by hand!
Source: centraRSE
© 2011 Page 57
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English 3
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Auxiliary do
“To Do”
Forms does
Short Answers
One way to answer a question is with a short answer.
Affirmative Negative
Auxiliary
“To Do” do do not or don’t
Forms
does does not or doesn’t
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Activity 1
Match the pronoun with the correct form of the verb.
he do
they
she
we does
you
Activity 2
Underline the correct form of “do”.
Activity 3
Circle the incorrect question in the list.
Activity 4
Write the words in the correct order to write questions.
1. always work you do the bus take to?
Activity 5
Circle the correct question in the list.
1. Do you sit in front of the boss?
Activity 6
Complete the sentences using “Do” or “Does”.
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Activity 7
Write questions. Follow the example.
1. Julie/send/emails?
Does Julie send emails?
2. we/offer/this product?
5. you/eat/ pork?
-
Activity 8
Write short affirmative AND negative answers.
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
To warm or defrost food, use the microwave not the stove.
Microwave ovens save 50% more energy than electric stoves.
Source: centraRSE
English 3
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PROGRAM
noun verb
The program is complicated. Ruth programs the computer.
BALANCE
noun verb
Kevin calculates the balance. Betty balances the account.
CHECK
noun verb
We pay with checks. You check the process.
COPY
noun verb
She erases the old copy. She copies the document.
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Activity 1
Circle the verbs in the sentences.
Activity 2
Put the sentences in order.
Activity 3
Write the words in the correct column.
Activity 4
Write sentences. Use words as nouns.
phone 2.
plan 3.
practice 4.
test 5.
Activity 5
Write sentences. Use words as verbs.
phone 2.
plan 3.
practice 4.
test 5.
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Do not keep the refrigerator door open. Close
it to keep the cold air inside!
Source: centraRSE
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English 3
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Complete Answers
Use complete answers to give more information.
Affirmative Negative
Auxiliary
“To Do” do do not or don’t
Forms
does does not or doesn’t
Do I call the
client?
Do you come in
the afternoon?
Yes, I do.
I come at
three o’clock.
Activity 1
Match the questions with the answers.
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Activity 2
Write short affirmative or negative answers.
Activity 3
Write complete true answers.
Activity 4
Complete the sentences with: “don’t”, “doesn’t”, or an “X” for nothing.
Activity 5
Write creative answers.
Questions Answers
0. Do you use the Internet? No, I don’t. The computers are damaged.
1. Does your car have insurance? No,
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English 3
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Cardinal Numbers
You know cardinal numbers from 1 to 20. It is time to learn numbers from 21 to 100.
I drive twenty-one
kilometers to work.
I am We have fifty
thirty-two years new
old. products.
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Activity 1
Match the numbers on the left with the numbers on the right.
45 seventy-six
91 fifty-four
66 ninety-one
54 sixty-six
76 forty-five
.
Activity 2
Write the numbers in digits.
thirty-six 36 forty-one
fifty-four ninety-two
ninety-eight eighty-seven
seventy-six thirty-three
sixty-seven eighty-two
thirty-nine sixty-five
.
Activity 3
Circle the mistakes.
Activity 4
Write the numbers in letters.
47 forty-seven 49
68 98
89 88
44 56
76 94
86 80
41 72
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Activity 5
Complete the questions and answers.
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Turn off your toys and video games when you are not using
them. This helps save batteries.
Source: centraRSE
www.cedsgt.com
NOTES
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NOTES
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NOTES
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NOTES
English 4
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Ordinal Numbers
Ordinal Numbers tell about order or sequence.
Some Uses
December 25th is Christmas Day.
For Dates Tomorrow is July 2nd.
October 31st is an important day.
Ruth is first in the English class.
For Order This is the third time I come.
The second meeting is today.
Steven lives on 7th avenue.
For The headquarters are on 10th street.
Addresses They are on 22nd street.
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Activity 1
Write the correct ordinal number. Follow the example.
Activity 2
Ordinal or Cardinal? Write the correct answer.
Activity 3
Write ordinal numbers.
14 14th fourteenth
22
30
7
16
20
2
24
17
11
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Activity 4
Write any ordinal number.
0. August 1st
a) ____ floor
b) ____ Street
Activity 5
Circle the correct option:
Activity 6
Answer the following questions.
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Activity 7
Read the example. Write the dates.
12/2
10/1
8/28
5/12
1/16
6/13
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Take short showers. It is a simple way to save water and energy.
Source: centraRSE
English 4
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Dates
To tell dates you always follow the same pattern.
Correct Incorrect
th
February 14 14th February
July 4th 4th July
December 25th 25th December
January 1st 1st of January
© 2011 Page 81
CEDS ENGLISH
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in on
For months and years For days
in 1962 on Wednesday
in this year on April 13th
in January on May 31st, 1999
in May on Halloween
in September on Independence Day
Activity 1
Circle the correct expressions.
on December in December
in March on March
Activity 2
Underline the mistake.
1. It is rainy on September.
Activity 3
Order the words to write sentences.
4. my is surgery February in
Activity 4
Write the correct dates. Follow the example.
Activity 5
Write the year.
Activity 6
Write the dates in order.
Activity 7
Write “in” or “on”.
1. My birthday is _______ August.
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Activity 8
Circle the correct preposition.
Activity 9
Write a logical expression to finish each sentence.
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Use a broom instead of a hose to clean the driveway or patio.
This saves water.
Source: centraRSE
English 4
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“Wh” words
Each “wh” word asks for different information.
I study English.
Where do
you study?
Remember: To make interrogative questions about actions you use the auxiliary verb “To Do”.
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Activity 1
Circle the correct “Wh” word.
Activity 2
Write the correct “Wh” word.
Activity 3
Order the words to write questions.
Activity 4
Write questions with “Wh” words to the answers on the right.
Activity 5
Write complete logical questions.
Activity 6
Write complete logical questions.
© 2011 Page 87
CEDS ENGLISH
English 4
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Frequency Adverbs
You tell how often something happens with “Frequency Adverbs”.
I usually watch
TV at night.
Activity 1
Circle the correct frequency adverb.
Activity 2
Order the words to write sentences.
Activity 3
Write sentences with frequency adverbs.
1. I always…
2. I never…
3. I sometimes …
4. I usually …
5. I hardly ever…
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Activity 4
Write about your week.
2. On Tuesdays I…
3. On Wednesdays I…
4. On Thursdays I…
5. On Fridays I…
Activity 5
Match the sentences.
1. Betty and I often study in the afternoon. A. He hardly ever speaks in Spanish.
2. Deborah sometimes calls the new clients. B. We hardly ever study at night.
4. You and Nancy never print the reports. D. You send them by email.
5. Kimberly never talks to the secretary. E. She sometimes visits them, too.
Activity 6
Write sentences.
2. (twice a year)
3. (every afternoon)
4. (every month)
5. (on Saturday)
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
When you go shopping, take a reusable bag with you. 700
paper bags = one 15-year-old tree.
Source: centraRSE
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NOTES
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NOTES
English 5
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AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
VERB DETAILS VERB DETAILS
Write your password. write your password.
Read the directions. read the directions.
Copy the numbers. copy the numbers.
Call the client. Don’t call the client.
Close your account. close your account.
Come tomorrow morning. come tomorrow morning.
Go to the office. go to the office.
Pay $9.99!
Use in case of a fire.
Activity 1
Circle the correct form of the verb in imperative form.
0. (Call-Calls) the clients, please.
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Activity 2
Order the words to make imperative sentences.
.
Activity 3
Write negative imperative sentences. Include the word “please”.
0. Use the file cabinet. Don’t use the file cabinet, please.
Activity 4
Complete the sentence.
1. Please don’t …
2. Play…
3. Don’t start…
4. Please write…
5. Please find…
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Activity 5
Write an imperative sentence with each verb.
1. Call
2. Answer
3. Read
4. Help
5. Use
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Recycle cans, plastic bags and paper whenever possible.
Source: centraRSE
© 2011 Page 95
CEDS ENGLISH
English 5
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Regular
Subject Complement
Past Tense Verb
I called Mr. Benson.
You purchased the supplies.
He asked for Dr. Martin.
She answered the phone.
It helped with the report.
We planned the meeting.
You changed the process.
They charged 10% more.
Activity 1
Write the past tense of the following regular verbs.
0. accept accepted
1. bake
2. call
3. heal
4. look
5. park
6. scream
7. touch
8. use
9. walk
Activity 2
Write the past tense of the following verbs.
Activity 3
Write sentences with regular verbs in the past
listen
move
miss
answer
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Irregular
Subject Complement
Past Tense Verb
I bought the supplies.
You found the files.
He sold the products.
She paid for the project.
It lent the money.
We spoke to her boss.
You read the report.
They wrote the email.
Base Simple
Form Past
begin began
buy bought
come came
cost cost
find found
get got
give gave
go went
grow grew
know knew
lend lent
pay paid
read read
sell sold
send sent
speak spoke
tell told
write wrote
Activity 4
Write the past tense of these irregular verbs.
-
Activity 5
Write the past tense of the verbs to complete the sentences.
Activity 6
Write sentences with irregular verbs in the past.
2. go
3. pay
4. write
5. give
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
When you wash you dishes by hand, it is better to use two
sinks: one with soapy water and the other one with rinsing
water. This saves water.
Source: centraRSE
© 2011 Page 99
CEDS ENGLISH
English 5
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Activity 1
Change the verbs to the past tense form. Write each verb in the correct column.
Examples Examples
I ordered these forms. You wrote the directions.
He planned the project. She read the mail.
It asked for the password. It cost too much.
You changed your process. We sold all the products.
They charged for the service. They lent their computers.
Time adverbs
When you use the “simple past tense” you usually talk about a specific point in the past.
?
past present future
[number +
last… time word +ago]
at – on – in
Monday two days ago at night on Wednesday in November
February four months ago at 6:30 on September 2nd in the winter
night fifteen minutes ago at noon on Christmas in the morning
time an hour ago at midnight on my birthday in the evening
Examples
He planned the project last Monday.
I ordered these forms last February.
It asked for the password two days ago.
The product cost too much four months ago.
She read the mail at night.
They charged for the service at noon.
They lent their computers on Wednesday.
We sold all the products on September 2.
You changed your process in November.
You wrote the directions in the morning.
Activity 2
Write the correct form of the irregular or regular verb.
4. The marketing department (join) _________ the sales department for the presentation.
Activity 3
Complete the sentence. Use the simple past tense.
1. Last year I…
2. On Monday she…
5. At noon they…
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Buy rechargeable batteries and a charger. Batteries pollute
the environment.
Source: centraRSE
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Activity 4
Complete the sentence. Use time adverbs.
5. I broke my arm…
Activity 5
Write the correct time adverb.
Activity 6
Write sentences with the “ed” sound indicated.
d sound
d sound
t sound
t sound
Id sound
Id sound
I went to buy
supplies.
She went to
buy supplies. Subject Verb “ To Go” Object
I went to the bank.
You went to the conference.
She went out.
It went badly.
We went on vacation.
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Activity 1
Underline the correct option.
Activity 2
Change the sentences to the simple past tense.
1. I go to the company.
Activity 3
Write the sentences in order.
-
Activity 4
Write sentences using “to have” in the past tense.
1. I / a business
3. We / the budget
4. You / a sandwich
Activity 5
Write sentences using “to go” in the past tense.
1. I / with Ruth
2. They / on vacation
4. You / out
Activity 6
Write about your last week using “to have” and “to go” in the past tense.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
English 5
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I didn’t go out
to eat.
Notice the verb is in the base form NOT in the past form.
Activity 1
Write the base forms.
Activity 2
Make the sentences negative.
Activity 3
Rewrite the sentences correctly.
Activity 4
Write the sentences in order.
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Make a scrap-paper pad. Gather pieces of used paper the same
size with the blank side up.
Source: centraRSE
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Activity 5
Write NEGATIVE sentences in the simple past. Use the word bank.
computer, report, television, office, car, pen, invoice, the Internet, desk.
2.
3.
4.
5.
THINKING RESPONSIBLY
Buy things that can be used over and over. Buy less
disposable items. This way you save precious natural resources.
Source: centraRSE
Yes, I did.
Notice the verb is in the base form NOT in the past form.
Activity 1
Write questions in the simple past tense.
1. you/finish/the annual report
implementation.
Activity 2
Write short answers for the questions in “Activity 1”.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Activity 3
Write short answers to the following questions.
Activity 4
Write questions for the short answers.
Activity 5
Write the questions in order.
NOTES
NOTES
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NOTES
NOTES
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A&P
Chapter A Section 1: The “Th” Sounds
Objectives:
At the end of this chapter you will be able to:
Recognize the “th” sounds.
Produce the “th” sounds.
Practice your English communicative skills.
Consonant Combination 1
How is it spelled? “th”
Where do I hear it?
Birth
Think Nothing Both
Thank Anything Path
Thought Something Month
Birthday Truth
South
“I thought your birthday was at the end of the month?”
Consonant Combination 2
How is it spelled? “th”
Where do I hear it?
The
This
Other
That
Mother
These Smooth
Father
Those Breathe
Either
They
Together
Them
There
“May I please have your mother’s maiden name?”
A common error made by Spanish speakers is to try and pronounce the “th” sound as a “d”. When this
pronunciation is used, the words “them” and “there” sound like “dehm” and “dere”.
We will look at Consonant Combinations 1 and 2 together as they use the same articulators.
To produce the sounds, the jaw should be slightly lowered and the lips parted and relaxed, your upper
front teeth should be resting on the tip of your tongue as you gently blow out air.
As you gently blow out air, your tongue should be pulled in, sliding against the bottom edge of your teeth.
Consonant combination 2 is a voiced sound (when the sound is produced from vocal chords). So as you
produce the sound feel the vibration of your vocal chords.
Activity 67:
Listen to the following words being pronounced. After you’ve listened to each word, repeat it yourself. Pay
special attention to the positioning of the tongue for each word .
The main problem is with the positioning of the tongue against the teeth. For the “d” sound, the tip of the
tongue should start by resting against the alveolar ridge (where the roof of the mouth meets the top teeth).
As you create the “d” sound, your tongue and jaw should drop slightly as your mouth opens.
However, remember that for the “th” sound your upper front teeth need to be resting on the tip of your
tongue, so that it extends slightly beyond the front of the teeth. As you finish the “th” sound and begin the
following vowel or consonant sound, your tongue should be pulled in, sliding against the bottom edge of
your teeth.
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Activity 68:
Listen to the following sentences. Each sentence contains words with Consonant Combination 1,
Consonant Combination 2, and the English “d” sound. Repeat each sentence after you hear it. The parts of
the words using the Consonant Combination 1, Consonant Combination 2, and the English “d” sounds
have been underlined in each sentence.
2. This account will be activated next month. Thank you for calling Thomas Finance.
5. Mr. Smith I don’t have the authority to give you the details without proper identification.
Hands on Practice 1:
Think about Consonant Combination 1 and 2. In the spaces provided below, please write down at least 5
words that include this sound. Ensure that your words are more than 3 letters long.
1. ___________________ 4. __________________
2. ___________________ 5. __________________
3. ___________________
Hands on Practice 2: This is an opportunity to challenge yourself. Read the following paragraph out
loud making sure you pronounce Consonant Combination 1 and 2 correctly.
Consonant Sound 3.
Consonant Sound 3
How is it spelled? “y”, “i”, “u”
Where do I hear it?
Lawyer
Yes
Beyond
You
Value
Your Does not appear at
Regular
Use the end of words
Unusual
Year
Million
Yesterday
Beautiful
“Would you like to use the regular or extra value shipping?”
To create the “y” sound in English, place your articulators in the same position as for Vowel Sound 1 like
in words (eat, be).
Start the sound lower in your throat to maximize the vibration of the vocal cords. Let the flow of air be
continuous, causing the “y” sound to blend into the next vowel.
Activity 45:
Listen to the following words using Consonant Sound 3. Repeat each word after you hear it. Remember to
pay attention to the syllable that receives the stress. A space has been provided after each word where you
can write the sound of the word phonetically.
Activity 46:
Listen to the following sentences. Repeat each sentence after you hear it. The parts of the words using
Consonant Sound 3 have been underlined in each sentence.
1. Yes, this is an unusual situation, however, your insurance covers you for the due value.
4. For security reasons, may I have the last four digits of your Social Security number?
5. Sir as I understand, since yesterday your computer has been making a continuous sound.
Hands on Practice 1:
Think about Consonant Sound 3. In the spaces provided below, please write down at least 5 words that
include this sound. Ensure that your words are more than 3 letters long.
1. ___________________ 4. __________________
2. ___________________ 5. __________________
3. ___________________
Hands on Practice 2: This is an opportunity to challenge yourself. Read the following paragraph out
loud making sure you pronounce Consonant Sound 3 correctly.
A&P
---
Chapter B Section 2: Consonant Sound 1a.
Objectives
At the end of this chapter you will be able to:
Recognize the “s”, “c”, “x”, “ss” sounds.
Produce the “s”, “c”, “x”, “ss” sounds.
Practice your English communicative skills.
Consonant Sound 1a
How is it spelled? “s”, “c”, “x”, “ss”
Where do I hear it?
Slow Lesson Yes
Spell Message Box
Sell Customs Miss
Cent Listen Makes
Study Answer Class
See Fast Less
“Yes, Miss Stevens, I see the issue with your computer.”
Consonant Sound 1b
How is it spelled? “z”, “s”, “se”, “ss”, “zz”, “ze”
Where do I hear it?
Zone Easy Jazz
Frozen Those Puzzle
Has Suppose Sneeze
Is Browse Amaze
Absorb Please
Reason Choose
Resolve Possess
Dissolve
“Sir, these options are easy to browse through. “
Activity 34:
Listen to the following words using Consonant Sound 1. Repeat each word after you hear it. Remember to
pay attention to the syllable that receives the stress. A space has been provided after each word where you
can write the sound of the word phonetically.
Activity 35:
Listen to the following sentences. Repeat each sentence after you hear it. The parts of the words using
Consonant Sound 1 have been underlined in each sentence.
3. If you send me the shipment number I can resolve the issue immediately.
4. For security reasons you will have to personally browse the account.
5. May I please have the last four digits of your Social Security Number?
1. In English, at the end of most plural nouns we use an “s”. If the word ends with ( f, p, k, t, s, th, r ) use
the “s” sound, whereas (v, b, g, d, z, ch j, sh, th, l,x, n and all vowels) use the “z” sound.
Activity 36:
Listen to the recording of the following pairs of words. Pay attention to the “s” sound used at the end of
the second word. When you have listened to each pair, repeat the words.
Singular Plural
Clock Clocks
Client Clients
Stick Sticks
Bank Banks
Roof Roofs
Stamp Stamps
Sheet Sheets
Booth Booths
Activity 37:
Listen to the recording of the following pairs of words. Pay attention to the “z” sound used at the end of
the second word. When you have listened to each pair, repeat the words.
Singular Plural
Car Cars
Answer Answers
Plane Planes
Deed Deeds
Dollar Dollars
Call Calls
Verb Verbs
Plug Plugs
Also in plurals when a word adds a syllable to the end the sound changes to “iz” (e.g watch ,watch –iz)
Activity 38:
Listen to the recording of the following words. After you listen to each word, repeat the word. Pay
attention to the “iz” sound of the last syllable.
2. Many verbs in English use an “s” at the end of the verb when they are used with the third person
singular pronouns (he, she, and it) and singular nouns (car, package, caller, James, Mrs. Smith).
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Activity 39:
Listen to the recording of the following sentences. In the first sentence, the verb is used with a first or
second person pronoun (I, you, we). In the second sentence the same verb is used with a third person
singular pronoun (he, she, or it). After listening to each pair, repeat each sentence. Remember to pay
attention to the “s” sound or the “z” sound used at the end of the verb in the second sentence.
We wait for the invoice. The accountant waits for the invoices.
3. We use an “s” at the end of a word when we are showing a noun in its possessive form.
Activity 40:
Listen to the recording of the following pairs of words. After listening to each pair, repeat the words.
Remember to pay attention to the “s” sound or the “z” sound used at the end of the verb in the second
sentence.
Noun Possessive
Manager Manager’s
David David’s
Caller Caller’s
Company Company’s
Leslie Leslie’s
Package Package’s
Mr. Jones Mr. Jones’s
Client Client’s
4. One of the most common verbs we use in English, is the verb “to be”, especially when we are using the
progressive form (for example, “She is calling the supplier.”). When we use “to be” with third person
singular pronouns or nouns, “to be” becomes “is” and it is normal in conversational English to use it as
a contraction.
Examples:
He is recently deceased. He’s recently deceased.
She is paying with a credit card. She’s paying with a credit card.
Robert is waiting for the order. Robert’s waiting for the order.
Activity 41:
Listen to the recording of the following pairs of sentences. The first sentence uses “is”; the second
sentence uses “is” as a contraction. After you have listened to each pair, repeat the sentences yourself. Pay
special attention to the way the “s” and “z” sound are used.
The payment is due in six weeks. The payment’s due in six weeks.
The caller is happy with the service. The caller’s happy with the service.
Another problem a Spanish speaker may have when using the English “s” is when a word that ends in “s”
is followed by a word that starts with “s”. There is a tendency for Spanish speakers to insert a vowel sound
(the Spanish “e”) between the two “s” sounds.
Example:
He’s starting his payments. He’s estarting his payments.
INCORRECT
To avoid this incorrect pronunciation, it is necessary to treat the “s” at the end of the first word and the “s”
at the start of the following word as one “s” sound.
Example:
He’s starting his payments. He’starting his payments.
CORRECT
Activity 42:
Listen to the recording of the following sentences. The first sentence uses “is”; the second sentence uses
“is” as a contraction. After you have listened to each sentence, repeat it yourself. Pay special attention to
the way the combined “s” sound is used.
Sentence Pronunciation
Brian’s supervisor is calling. Brian’supervisor is calling.
Hands on Practice 1:
Think about Consonant Sound 1b. In the spaces provided below, please write down at least 5 words that
include this sound. Ensure that your words are more than 3 letters long.
1. ___________________ 4. __________________
2. ___________________ 5. __________________
3. ___________________
Hands on Practice 2: This is an opportunity to challenge yourself. Read the following paragraph out
loud making sure you pronounce Consonant Sound 1b correctly.
A&P
Chapter C Section 2: Vowel Sound 12.
Objectives
At the end of this chapter you will be able to:
Recognize the “a”, “e”, “i”, “o”, “u”, “io”, “ou” sounds.
Produce the “a”, “e”, “i”, “o”, “u”, “io”, “ou” sounds.
Practice your English communicative skills.
Vowel Sound 12
How is it spelled? “a”, “e”, “i”, “o”, “u”, “io”, “ou”
Where do I hear it?
Ago
Away Telephone Sofa
Upon Open Soda
Arrive Typical Delicious
Complaint Tonight Nation
Complete Today Action
Second Tomorrow Direction
Support Accident
Company
“The package should arrive later today or early tomorrow.”
Vowel Sound 12 can be difficult to recognize and pronounce. In Spanish, each vowel is recognized as a
distinct sound and receives emphasis. However, in English many syllables only receive a minimal amount
of stress and all vowel sounds in unstressed syllables are greatly reduced.
When pronouncing Vowel Sound 12, try to keep your mouth as relaxed as possible and there should be
very little movement of the jaw, lips or tongue. The sound should be short and quick and blend with the
sound of the consonant that precedes it (phonetic linking).
Examples:
The underlined syllables receive the stress.
Open Oh-puhn
President Pre-si-duhnt
Accident Ak-si-duhnt
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Activity 30:
Listen to the following words using Vowel Sound 12. Repeat each word after you hear it. A space has been
provided after each word where you can write the sound of the word phonetically.
Activity 31:
Listen to the following sentences. Repeat each sentence after you hear it. The parts of the words using
Vowel Sound 12 have been underlined in each sentence.
1. Sir, I apologize for the delay in the shipment, we will deliver the parcel by April seventh.
4. To complete the transaction you will need to register for technical support.
Hands on Practice 1:
Think about vowel sound 12. In the spaces provided below, please write down at least 5 words that
include this sound. Ensure that your words are more than 3 letters long.
1. ___________________ 4. __________________
2. ___________________ 5. __________________
3. ___________________
Hands on Practice 2: This is an opportunity to challenge yourself. Read the following paragraph out
loud making sure you pronounce vowel sound 12 correctly.
A&P
Chapter C Section 4: Consonant Sound 4
Objectives
At the end of this chapter you will be able to:
Recognize the “v” sounds.
Produce the “v” sounds.
Practice your English communicative skills.
Consonant Sound 4
Consonant Sound 4
How is it spelled? “v”
Where do I hear it?
Even Of
Very
Over Live
Vote
Every Have
Vest
Seven Move
Voice
Heavy Drive
Visit
Eleven Leave
When we are creating Consonant Sound 4 in English (the “v” sound), our top front teeth should be
touching our lower lip (called a “labiodentals fricative”) at the start of the sound. Our tongue should
remain in a neutral, relaxed position. The sound should be generated deeper in the throat than the “b”
sound.
Activity 47:
Watch the video of the following words using the “v” being pronounced. Repeat each word after you hear
it. Remember to press your top front teeth against your lower lip at the start of the sound. A space has
been provided after each word where you can write the sound of the word phonetically.
To create the “b” sound in English, your lips should be closed and pressed together. The flow of air should
first be stopped at the back of the throat, and then exhaled quickly so that it forces your lips apart. At the
same time, your jaw and tongue should be slightly lowered.
Activity 48:
Watch the following video of words using the “b” sound being pronounced. After you hear each word,
repeat it. Pay attention to “explosion” of air that comes each time you pronounce “b”.
1. Be 5. Label
2. But 6. Black
3. Bank 7. Obey
4. Begin 8. Best
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Activity 49:
In this video, you will see words using the “b” sound being pronounced, followed by words using the “v”
sound. Repeat each word after you hear it. Remember to pay attention to the positioning of your
articulators as you make each sound.
Activity 50:
Listen to the following sentences. Repeat each sentence after you hear it. The parts of the words using
Consonant Sound 4 have been underlined in each sentence.
1. Sir, we apologize for the inconvenience caused through our service, but you are a valued
customer.
2. May I have a valid driver’s license to verify the information in our database?
4. Miss Evans, you will need to install a newer version of the antivirus software.
5. Mrs. Vontor, may I have your verification ID to provide you with the balance in your
Savings account?
Hands on Practice 1:
Think about Consonant Sound 4. In the spaces provided below, please write down at least 5 words that
include this sound. Ensure that your words are more than 3 letters long.
1. ___________________ 4. __________________
2. ___________________ 5. __________________
3. ___________________
Hands on Practice 2: This is an opportunity to challenge yourself. Read the following paragraph out
loud making sure you pronounce Consonant Sound 4 correctly.
Betty Botter bought some butter but, said she, the butter's
bitter.
If I put it in my batter, it will make my batter bitter.
But a bit of better butter will make my bitter batter better.
So she bought some better butter, better than the bitter
butter,
put it in her bitter batter, made her bitter batter better.
So 't was better Betty Botter bought some better butter.
Victor and Vincent believe very much in receiving the voice
and communication course. Living over in Virginia for seven
years, they have spent most of their time in vast vineyards
wearing veils. It´s time to help them improve when they
visit.
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Vowel/Consonant Combination 2
Vowel/Consonant Combination 2
How is it spelled? “ar”, “er”, “or”, “ur”, “ure”
Where do I hear it?
Surprise After
Understand Deliver
Understood Sooner
Does not appear at Advertise Color
the start of words Afternoon Doctor
Sugar Picture
Dollar Future
Regular Measure
“It will be delivered in the afternoon.”
For consonant combination 2 your lips, jaw and tongue should remain in the same position, but stay
relaxed. The main difference is that it is a shorter sound.
Examples:
The underlined syllables receive the stress.
Understood ahn-duh-stood
Advertise Aed-vuhr-tiz
Dollar Daa-luhr
Deliver Di-li-vuhr
Doctor Daak-tuhr
Activity 64:
Listen to the following words using Vowel Combination 2. Repeat each word after you hear it. Remember
to pay attention to the syllable that receives the stress. A space has been provided after each word where
you can write the sound of the word phonetically.
Activity 65:
Listen to the following sentences. Repeat each sentence after you hear it. The parts of the words using
Vowel/Consonant Combination 2 have been underlined in each sentence.
2. After I’ve entered the information, the payment in dollars will be the last step of the
booking process.
3. Are you familiar with the services offered with that insurance for your computer?
Activity 66:
In the following recording, you will hear a word using Vowel/Consonant Combination 1 followed by the
same word also using Vowel/Consonant Combination 2. Repeat each pair of words after you hear it.
Remember to pay attention to the syllable that is receiving the stress. A space has been provided after
each word where you can write the sound of the word phonetically. You will then hear sentences that
contain words using Vowel/Consonant Combination 1 and Vowel/Consonant Combination 2. Repeat each
sentence.
Vowel/Consonant Vowel/Consonant
Pair
Combination 1 Combination 2
1 earn earner
2 early earlier
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3 work worker
4 serve server
5 merge merger
After the first payment, there will be regular monthly charges.
We can deliver it to your work later in the morning or earlier in the afternoon.
Hands on Practice 1:
Think about Vowel Consonant Combination 2. In the spaces provided below, please write down at least 5
words that include this sound. Ensure that your words are more than 3 letters long.
1. ___________________ 4. __________________
2. ___________________ 5. __________________
3. ___________________
Hands on Practice 2: This is an opportunity to challenge yourself. Read the following paragraph out
loud making sure you pronounce Vowel Consonant Combination 2 correctly.
Vowel Sound 7.
Vowel Sound 7
“u”, “o”, “oo”, “ew”, “ou”, “ue”,
How is it spelled?
“ui”, “ough”
Where do I hear it?
Do
Room New
Rule Through
Does not appear at
June Due
the start of words
Noon Blue
Lose You
To
When pronouncing Vowel Sound 7, your mouth should be more relaxed and you need to elongate the
sound more than when you pronounce the “u” sound in Spanish. As you say the sound, your lips should
move into a position like you are whistling and your tongue should be high in your mouth.
Activity 18:
Listen to the following words using Vowel Sound 7. Repeat each word after you hear it. A space has been
provided after each word where you can write the sound of the word phonetically.
Activity 19:
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Listen to the following sentences. Repeat each sentence after you hear it. The parts of the words using
Vowel Sound 7 have been underlined in each sentence.
1. We do show an approval from Blue Records on 9th Avenue.
2. To whom am I speaking?
3. Did you issue your ticket in January through Travel Valued Services?
4. We have a new distribution structure which was approved on June 17th, 2010.
5. Sir, as you are one of our valued customers, we have an exclusive offer for you.
Hands on Practice 1:
Think about vowel sound 7. In the spaces provided below, please write down at least 5 words that include
this sound. Ensure that your words are more than 3 letters long.
1. ___________________ 4. __________________
2. ___________________ 5. __________________
3. ___________________
Hands on Practice 2: This is an opportunity to challenge yourself. Read the following paragraph out
loud making sure you pronounce vowel sound 7 correctly.
Consonant Combination 3.
Consonant Combination 3
How is it spelled? “sh”, “ti”, “ci”, “ss”, “ch”
Where do I hear it?
Insure Dish
Nation Wash
Shop
Action Cash
Ship
Direction Finish
Short
Official Rush
Shape
Issue Spanish
Profession English
“ We’ll issue your insurance card after you finish completing the
form.”
To create the “sh” sound; round your lips and lower your jaw slightly.
To begin the sound raise the tongue in the center of the mouth but do not touch the roof of the mouth.
As you let out a steady stream of air across the top of the tongue, touch the sides of the tongue to the
upper back teeth.
Activity 69:
Listen to the following words using Consonant Combination 3. Repeat each word after you hear it.
Remember to pay attention to the syllable that receives the stress. A space has been provided after each
word where you can write the sound of the word phonetically.
Consonant Combination 3 may be confused with the “s” in Spanish (Consonant Sound 1). The primary
difference is the positioning of the lips and the movement of the tongue. To produce the sounds kindly
refer to the explanation of each sound.
Activity 70:
Listen to the recording of the following words being pronounced. After you’ve listened to each word,
repeat it yourself. Pay special attention to the “s” or “sh” sound being used.
Another common problem for Spanish speakers occurs when “tion” or “sion” is used in a word to
represent Consonant Combination 3. In these cases, the “o” in “tion” or “sion” is NOT pronounced. This
emission of a sound is called an elision and we will look at other examples later.
In Spanish it is normal to pronounce most vowels as a separate and distinct sound, even when they are
next to each other. However, in English we use groups of vowels to represent a specific sound. It is very
important to remember this, because it means that in English we do not pronounce exactly what is
written. If we tried to pronounce the “tion” or “sion” sounds using Spanish rules, then they would sound
like this:
Action Ak-ti-on
Profession Pro-fes-si-ion
The correct English pronunciation of “tion” or “sion” turns the “t” or the “s” into a “sh” sound and
removes the “o” so that only the “i” is audible”
Action Aek-shuhn
Election i-lehk-shuhn
Correct Pronunciation
Profession Praw-feh-shuhn
This error can also occur when other vowel groups are used to represent the “sh” sound.
Examples:
Physician Fi-zi-shuhn
Ocean Oh-shuhn
Official uh -fi-shuhl
Conscious Kaan-shuhs
Activity 71:
Listen to the recording of the following words being pronounced. After you’ve listened to each word,
repeat it yourself. Pay special attention to the “s” or “sh” sound being used. A space has been provided
after each word where you can write the sound of the word phonetically.
Activity 72:
Listen to the following sentences. Each sentence contains words with Consonant Combination 3. Repeat
each sentence after you hear it. The parts of the words using the Consonant Combination 3 sound have
been underlined in each sentence.
2. I have your information, Mr. Walsh, and have completed the transaction.
Hands on Practice 1:
Think about Consonant Combination 3. In the spaces provided below, please write down at least 5 words
that include this sound. Ensure that your words are more than 3 letters long.
1. ___________________ 4. __________________
2. ___________________ 5. __________________
3. ___________________
Hands on Practice 2: This is an opportunity to challenge yourself. Read the following paragraph out
loud making sure you pronounce Consonant Combination 3 correctly.
Consonant Sound 5.
Consonant Sound 5
How is it spelled? “h”, “wh”
Where do I hear it?
He
How
Ahead
Who
Behind
Here Does not appear at
Anyhow
Have the end of words
Perhaps
Home
Rehearse
Hello
Whole
“How may I help you today?
Spanish speakers may have problems with Consonant Sound 5 because the “h” is usually silent in Spanish.
To create the “h” sound, open your lips and lower the jaw and tongue slightly.
Generate the sound at the back of the throat without vibrating the vocal cords. Exhale a steady stream of
air through the mouth as you move your tongue, lips and jaw into position to pronounce the vowel that
immediately follows the “h” sound.
The sound should be elongated and blend into the following vowel sound.
Activity 51:
Listen to the following words using the “h” being pronounced. Repeat each word after you hear it.
Remember to keep the flow of air steady as you move your articulators into the next position. A space has
been provided after each word where you can write the sound of the word phonetically.
Activity 52:
Listen to the following sentences. Repeat each sentence after you hear it. The parts of the words using
Consonant Sound 5 have been underlined in each sentence.
3. My report here shows that you are currently behind on your payments.
4. The cheapest flight I have is for four hundred and eighty-eight dollars.
Hands on Practice 1:
Think about Consonant Sound 5. In the spaces provided below, please write down at least 5 words that
include this sound. Ensure that your words are more than 3 letters long.
1. ___________________ 4. __________________
2. ___________________ 5. __________________
3. ___________________
Hands on Practice 2: This is an opportunity to challenge yourself. Read the following paragraph out
loud making sure you pronounce Consonant Sound 5 correctly.
Consonant Sound 7.
Consonant Sound 7
How is it spelled? “r”, “rr”, “wr”
Where do I hear it?
Or
Red
Very Are
Run
Sorry Far
Read
Married Near
Rest
Hurry More
Real
Around Sure
Wrong
Tomorrow Their
Write
Before
“It appears there was an error in your account information.”
To create Consonant Sound 7, your lips should be rounded and your jaw slightly lowered. The tongue
should be rounded upwards, but should not touch the roof of the mouth and should not vibrate. The
sound should be generated from the back of the throat using the vocal cords and a continuous flow of air.
Activity 56:
Listen to the following words using the “r” being pronounced. Repeat each word after you hear it. A space
has been provided after each word where you can write the sound of the word phonetically.
Activity 57:
Listen to the following sentences. Repeat each sentence after you hear it. The parts of the words using
Consonant Sound 7 have been underlined in each sentence.
Hands on Practice 1:
Think about Consonant Sound 7. In the spaces provided below, please write down at least 5 words that
include this sound. Ensure that your words are more than 3 letters long.
1. ___________________ 4. __________________
2. ___________________ 5. __________________
3. ___________________
Hands on Practice 2: This is an opportunity to challenge yourself. Read the following paragraph out
loud making sure you pronounce Consonant Sound 7 correctly.
Ray Rag ran across a rough road. Across a rough road Ray
Rag ran. Where is the rough road Ray Rag ran across? The
rough road Ray Rag ran is across the road that runs
through the rivers he roamed.
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REINFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES
2 3
10
ACROSS
2. Good ____ Mr. Moore.
4. Good ____ Thomas.
6. Nice to meet you ____.
9. It’s a ____ to meet you.
10. Good ____ Mrs. Campbell.
DOWN
1. I’d like you to ____ Mrs. Sarah Evans.
3. Good ____ Miss Wright.
5. See you ____.
7. I will ____ to you later.
8. My ____ is Daniel Harris.
www.cedsgt.com
*----
Sentence Bank
I never _____ during class. It is impolite. “_____” is an expression used as a farewell.
A good _____with my friends is priceless. _____are essential for networking.
_____is the final exam. A polite _____is “Have a nice day”.
I love to learn _____. I eat dinner in the _____.
The system has no _____. It works perfectly. It’s a _____to meet your mother.
I work in the morning and study in the _____. Write a _____at the beginning of an email.
Complete the definitions with the words from the word bank and rewrite the example
sentences.
place .
(Example)
you leave a Rewrite here
Use word bank here
His farewell is usually “Good bye”.
place things
you an
place .
(Example)
you leave a Rewrite here
Use word bank here
His farewell is usually “Good bye”.
place things
you an
ACROSS
1. The ____ is in this building. DOWN
3. Mr. Collins is in the ____. 2. The time in the ____ is 9:32.
5. Three ____ are here for the 4. My ____ number is 5557-8149.
interview. 7. Sit on the big ____.
6. You need a ____ for the 9. The ____ is busy.
presentation. 10. Put the document in the file ____.
8. Send the box to his ____.
11. The door of the ____ is black.
12. The ____ prints in color.
13. The car is in the _____.
3 A room in a _______ or
_______ where people My __ is on the second floor.
classroom
_______ and _______.
Rewrite here
Use word bank here
learn university
school teach
13 An _______ that_______
We send the documents to the __ of the
administrative _______ in an company.
secretary
_______.
Rewrite here
Use word bank here
work employee
office does
O U
N O M E T
Y I C E E T
N I C E T
O M E E T Nice to meet you.
Y O U
W A E T
A E E W A Y ? I
? H F R O O L H A T N
U R E R Y M S M S O U R
?
A N U S Y A
W H A R I R H O W R O
Y O O G E M D O U ? E L
place .
(Example)
you leave a Rewrite here
Use word bank here
His farewell is usually “Good bye”.
place things
you an
Fill out the boxes using: “one”, “two”, “three”, “four” , “five” or “six”.
You can’t repeat numbers in the same column.
You can’t repeat numbers in the same row.
You can’t repeat numbers in the same two-by-three box.
six
six three
four one
one
www.cedsgt.com
*---
Sentence Bank
The _____ textbook is my favorite. Mom and Aunt Mary are _____ .
My _____ finish the homework fast. My _____ comes at 7:00 am.
Our _____ is the best. The _____ is in the new building.
I have lunch with my _____. The _____ customers prefer the new products.
My _____ explains everything. You and I are _____ students.
The ____ has 94 pages. I love to learn _____.
ACROSS
6. The manager ___ the problem.
8. The presenter ___ a speech.
9. He ___ the old files to the server.
10. Carlo ___ English and Spanish.
DOWN
1. She ___ her computer in a briefcase.
2. Richard ___ in the morning.
3. He ___ the floor in the warehouse.
4. Donna ___ the suppliers.
5. The chart ___ to predict the sales for January.
7. The government ___ the transactions.
www.cedsgt.com
ACROSS
1. The plant ____ the raw materials.
3. The ____ comes this afternoon.
4. The sales manager exports the ____ to
Asia.
5. He is from the sales ____.
6. The letter comes ____ Edmonton.
9. The sales representative receives the ____
today.
10. The document ____ in May.
DOWN
You can
only move
in these
directions.
Start!
She answers
and answer
She send the talk in the
to the sends emails.
emails. telephone phone.
telephone.
and…
ACROSS
2. ___ I answer the letter?
4. Does the fax ___ the documents?
6. Do ___ know the goals for the project?
7. Do you ___ the answer?
8. Do you speak ___?
DOWN
1. Does the ___ need more employees?
3. ___ she study in the morning?
5. Do ___ ask the questions?
9. Does Ronald ___ to the office?
O U
N O M E T
Y I C E E T
N I C E T
O M E E T Nice to meet you.
Y O U
U
T H
A H P E Y O A
S O L C S R E E T A O
O T E S I H S Y E H Y P
I M A O S
A G A R N H A G I E D
H E E M A T L E W Y O R
www.cedsgt.com
ACROSS
2. late
5. complicated
6. small
8. quiet
DOWN
1. white
3. pleasant
4. close
6. good
7. new
*--------
Sentence Bank
The new textbook is _____. The package is _____; I can lift it with one hand!
Our _____ is about services not products. We have trouble with the new _____.
The deal is _____. The instructions are _____ to follow.
All businesses have _____ times. The sound of the fax machine is _____.
The food in this restaurant is _____! All the _____ are happy with our work.
The _____ on the corner is big and spacious. I love to learn ______ .
www.cedsgt.com
Start!
:good-
:easy-old: :new-bad: :tall-rough: :far-easy:
interesting:
:boring- :difficult-
:quiet-late: :ugly- bright: :dark- close:
pretty: close:
:expensive- :dangerous-
:short-late: :fair-average: :black-high:
safe: high:
ACROSS
2. Does the sales representative ____ the new product?
3. Does Sandra ____ the answers?
6. Ruth ____ engineering at night.
8. Does ____ read the documents?
10. ____ they know the goals for this project?
11. Sharon ____ English and German.
DOWN
O U
N O M E T
Y I C E E T
N I C E T
O M E E T Nice to meet you.
Y O U
S O T E
T M N T S G E M S
I U C O P Y S H E M P Y
C H E E D O T H R A S R
I E O E E R
E C U T H C H U C T R
Y O K S C O H D A P U S
E C I N V H T H E S P S
4
----English Reinforcement Activity: Chapter 1
Complete the crossword puzzle by writing ordinal numbers.
ACROSS
2) 5th
4) 17th
7) 10th
DOWN
1) 14th
2) 15th
3) 12th
4) 7th
5) 3rd
6) 6th
ACROSS
4. William gets married on ____ first.
6. Valentine’s Day is ____ February.
7. The anniversary is in ____.
DOWN
ACROSS
2. My birthday is in ____.
6. The letter arrives in ____.
7. We start school in ____.
8. His graduation is on ____ 2nd .
9. The meeting is on ____, October 1st.
DOWN
1. It is rainy in ____.
3. Carla gets married on ____.
4. Valentine’s Day is in ____.
5. The due date is on ____.
SPEAKER A
SPEAKER B
O U
N O M E T
Y I C E E T
N I C E T
O M E E T Nice to meet you.
Y O U
L I T
W O O C T H S E
Y H G H T A W H A T K D
N L U A D O O E I N H ?
W
R H E D R R
W E Y I S ? O W O E K
S H ? H E Y H E T H E
ACROSS
3. Allan _____ works on weekends.
5. Marge _____ works alone.
DOWN
1. We _____ attend meetings.
2. He _____ ever misses a class.
4. They _____ check emails.
X C V B G A R B A G E A S R T O
F G H J K L O P N M L E T T E R
Q A Z E D C R F V T N G B Y H N
N H T B F E V D W P O L I T E U
V F R F I R E Z Y X I U J M K I
G H I O L P P R X Z T A S D F T
E G H J K L O L O P C U Y J H G
C W V B N T M M K L E X H J K I
I C H A N G E B V B R D F F F T
O C V E X Z T Y H S I M L R O Y
V H V P A S S W O R D R S I V N
N N K L F G T R E W S D Y D U J
I C V H Y O P L K J K H A G E A
U H I E N C L E A N A J K E L N
A S D F G H J K L P O I U Y T R
Z X C V B A C K U P V B N M L P
1. 2.
3. 4.
5. 6.
7. 8.
9. 10.
11. 12.
Sentence Bank
My old ______ doesn’t work. I love to learn ______.
The file ______ is full, we need to clean it. Our ______are our priority.
______ finish the report by tomorrow, it is important. Read the ______ before starting.
All the _____ are wrong; you need to write them again. The ______began without me, I was late.
The company’s ______are still valid. The ______wasn’t exact, we are missing some items.
Don’t throw ______ out in the street. I eat ______ at night with my family.
ACROSS
1. I ___ to the project leader about my idea.
5. The machinery you ___us doesn’t work well.
7. He ___for the information yesterday afternoon.
9. We told the team about the ___we need.
11. He ___a letter concerning the new dispositions.
12. I ___all the supplies we need for this month.
DOWN
2. I personally ___the bills this month.
3. The programmer ___a new software application.
4. The business ___more than expected last year.
6. This is the report the accountant ___me.
8. The data we ___helped us to solve the problem
10. They ___us the necessary money to start the project.
Sentence Bank
I _____ a new server for the company. She _____ to contact us by email.
We_____ the project in the last meeting. When we turned the fax machine off, the noise ____.
You _____ the password in your computer. They _____ our proposal for the project.
They _____ 25% in taxes. I _____to the plant at lunch time.
They _____ the parts for the machine that broke down. I love to learn _____.
We _____ the delivery due to bad weather. The secretary _____ and hurt her ankle.
ACROSS
2. Last ___ we increased our sales by 20%.
4. A ___ ago, I started to use the new software.
6. I ___ to that audio book three days ago.
7. The changes began ___ January.
8. He ___ for asked some questions about our payment options.
10. The manager examined the process ___.
DOWN
1. He wrote the contract ___ Wednesday.
2. The ___ department needs more people.
3. We only had an ___ to answer back.
5. We ___ them on the phone.
9. She sent the email ___ 7:30.
O U
N O M E T
Y I C E E T
N I C E T
A U D
Y S U C I S
T O E E P B W G T T
I H G O Y H T O H H E
S N A R R A L E R T S N
R N W F E D F A S M E N
W T S
L E A C L M
A E H O D O H E P E T
R T P R A A E R D Y A S
S E M Y L B L O T H U L
D D O T I
O E S D S A E R N
S N R E A R W I E A E S
O H E D E D H E N T D T
N H E C T R H I R E Y M
T E U W P Y N H L E A T
O
T E N
T I M W E M T
R N E I N N P O A
I R A A E O H O C T A O
A H E T G F W E E P L T
B S T N K N J H S D R G
Sentence Bank
He wants to work ___ you. The IT department is on the third ___.
I usually drink ___with no sugar. The managers ___all the applicants.
It is our ___to keep our offer. I love to learn ___.
___the original contract and the copy too. The patent is now in my ___.
The ___has questions about the report. We need ___for the office.
The ___is very high. You need to ___this inventory.
.
Sentence Bank
I need to make an urgent __ call. She __ the due date since April.
The presenter gave a great __. I __ the reply immediately.
You need to send a __ to this address. We __ the case with care.
My initial __ is wrong. The __ didn’t finish on time.
They __ my call in a polite way. The __ is really slow today.
You __ the supplies for this month. I love to learn ___.
.
English 5 Reinforcement Activity: Chapter 5
Unscramble the letters to discover the sentence.
O U
N O M E T
Y I C E E T
N I C E T
Y O U
S
T O M N
E H E N O O A W
T H E I H N N O U O T
N E D N N A Y A Y I N E
D R R I A F V T C A N I
O
W W A E D V
A Y O E N E S I V E
T E X E S E W A L H A E
T A T T H P R D S E G O
H
T A N
T I S I E N I U A
S E W W A H E A L W V
H I S T T S Y S F H N A
E E L E
H E L A A O H L
V E H A D T E E T P R
T O L E T W J N C T W
*
Sentence Bank
They didn’t take ___ on time. I love to learn ___.
The ___conference took place last week. She didn’t have ___at the office today.
It’s impossible to fix this without a ___. I didn’t attend the meeting ___.
The ___for this project seems very limited. Did you ___ what I told you?
He hired a designer to create a ___. The ___of the system is complicated.
You need to change your ___every two weeks. In English you only use one ___.
.
O U
N O M E T
Y I C E E T
N I C E T
O M E E T Nice to meet you.
Y O U
E D
E D S T V
U D I E I T T N
T I B S S O E I C E C H
D ? V U Y T N R ? E R H
W E O I R I F I X I A H
C
F E E ?
D I D E H O U
G I O T O E R I P D I E
F O C ? E O D E D O R Y
T H T H O F S E N T H T
I
E ? E
E I O N D O I C
D D L T E I V A N O
I I T A I K D I A E T T
E D E L ? H U U V C C H
N T C H E E G N T T H Y
R D
D A D E E I D O H
E E C E A G E C T F I N
E ? C K W E E S H R T H
P I T H I V I Y P ? T J
APPENDICES
IRREGULAR VERBS
PRESENT PAST
INFINITIVE BASE PRESENT PAST
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
REGULAR VERBS
PRESENT PAST
INFINITIVE BASE PRESENT PAST
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
ADJECTIVES
able dark general material quick special
brown secret
PREPOSITIONS
Prepositions Prepositional Phrases
above like at all in front of
according to at first in general
across near at last in half
after nearby at least in ink
against next to at once in order
along at present in order to
among of at the same time in pencil
(amongst) off in pieces
apart from on by accident in place
around opposite by air in private
at outside by all means in public
over by bus in secret
before by car in sight
behind past by day in stock
below per by email in the end
beneath by hand in time
beside regarding by land in town
beyond round by mistake in turn
by by name
since by oneself on a journey
concerning by post on a visit
though by sea on business
down throughout by sight on fire
during till by train on foot
to on holiday
except towards due to on sale
excluding on time
under in a hurry
facing until in advance out of date
following upon in any case out of doors
for in case of out of order
from with in danger out of stock
within in debt out of work
in without in difficulties
including in fact
inside
into
PHRASAL VERBS
Phrasal Verbs Definitions Phrasal Verbs Definitions
SPELLING
„y‟ does not change if the word ends in a vowel + y (-ay, -ey, -oy, -uy)
Play/plays/played enjoy/enjoys/enjoyed monkey/monkeys
Exception: day/daily
Note: pay/paid lay/laid say/said
Doubling Consonants
Sometimes a verb or an adjective ends in consonant-vowel-consonant.
Example: stop, plan, rob, hot, thin, wet, prefer, begin
1. The final consonant of a word is doubled (pp, nn, etc.) before „-ing‟, „-ed‟, „-er‟ and „-est‟.
Examples:
stop/stopping/stopped plan/planning/planned
hot/hotter/hottest
2. The final consonant of a word is not doubled if it is preceded by two vowels (-iol, -eed, -ain, etc.)
Examples:
boil/boiling/boiled need/needing/needed
explain/explaining/explained cheap/cheaper/cheapest
loud/louder/loudest quiet/quieter/quietest
3. The final consonant of a word is not doubled if it is preceded by two consonants (-rt, -rn, -ck, etc.)
Examples:
start/starting/started turn/turning/turned
thick/thicker/thickest
4. Words ending in „y‟ and „w‟ are not doubled as „y‟ and „w‟ are port of the vowel sound
Examples:
stay/staying/stayed grow/growing new/newer/newest
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
Information
Prepositions Example Sentences
Required
Who? as, by, for, to, Mr. Hall began as an assistant.
from, with The cost sheet was revised by the accountant.
What?
Mrs. Allen speaks to our team often.
This machine comes from a supplier in Germany.
When? on, at, durin, in Our next staff meeting is on February 3rd.
We revise new projects during the week.
Why? for, because, Call the clients for the missing contract.
since They stopped the meeting for a lunch break.
To what for, since The problem has happened for three days.
extent? The problem has happened since Friday.
INDEX
SUBJECT LEVEL PAGE
Adjective Placement E3 53
Cardinal Numbers: 1 to 20 E1 19
Common Nouns E1 4
Imperative Mode E5 93
Nominative Pronouns E2 28
Noun/Verb Words E3 63
Possessive Adjectives E2 46
Telling Time E1 22