SNT

CONSTRUCTION CODE OF TURKMENISTAN
PLOT PLANS OF INDUSTRIAL

ENTERPRISES
SNT 2.09.01-98
OFFICIAL EDITION
NATIONAL COMMITTEE OF ARCHITECTURAL-BUILDING

CONTROL AT THE CABINET OF MINISTERS OF
TURKMENISTAN
Ashgabat 1998
SNT 2.09.01-98
NATIONAL BUILDING CODES AND SNT 2.09.01-98

COMMITTEE OF REGULATIONS OF
ARCHITECTURAL- TURKMENISTAN
BUILDING CONTROL
GENERAL LAYOUTS OF
AT THE CABINET OF FOR THE FIRST
INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
MINISTERS OF TIME
TURKMENISTAN
With the coming of SNT 2.09.01-98 “GENERAL LAYOUTS OF INDUSTRIAL

ENTERPRISES” into force, the building code SNT II-89-80 “GENERAL LAYOUTS
OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES” shall become ineffective in Turkmenistan.
1. GENERAL STATEMENTS.
These statements are applied to the design of general plans of new, extended and
reconstructed industrial building construction in Turkmenistan, and include general
requirements to building planning and construction.
1.1. General plans of individual and groups of industrial buildings must be in
compliance with general plans of existing and planned building constructed areas.
1.2. General plans of industrial buildings must be in compliance (does not depend
on the investor) with local architectural authorities, sanitary and epidemic department and
fire department.
1.3. General plans of individual or groups of industrial buildings are accepted to
the building construction only when construction company has:
1. Act of committee which chooses and gives an area for the building
construction. This act should be accepted by the chairman of this committee.
2. Local Executive Authorities’ (Hyakimlik) opinion about the committee’s
act.
Note: It is obligatory for the member of design company to take part in the
committee.
1.4. General plans of industrial building construction must be planned in
accordance with natural and climatic specifications of an area on which industrial
building will be built.
Accepted
by the committee of architectural and Initiating period
st
building control, on the 1 of January 1999
30th of September 1998
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2. BUILDING LOCATION
2.1. Industrial buildings should be built in accordance with “Instructions on

Designing the schemes of industrial constructions .”
2.2. Industrial constructions should be built on the territory in accordance with
general plan of a city and plan of the industrial building occupancy.
2.3. Industrial constructions such as industrial buildings, waste collection and
disposal systems, should be built on non-agricultural lands.
In case when an area of a country is mostly used for the agricultural purposes,
industrial constructions should be built on the most infertile land.
It is forbidden to build industrial constructions on the territories such as:
 territory of the forest, which is protected by the government;
 irrigated and drained territories;
 agricultural territories;
 fertile trees territories;
 forest plantations, located within agricultural areas, which protect them
(agricultural areas) against desert zones.
2.4. It is forbidden to build industrial constructions and complexes on the
territories which are fully used for obtaining natural resources. It is forbidden to
build on such territories as:
a) health resort zone type 1;
b) park area of a town;
c) a nature reserve;
d) sanitary zone around the health;
e) areas which has historical and cultural monuments;
f) dangerous areas which contain toxic and waste materials of industrial factories;
g) soil erosion territories which can cause damage to the building constructions.
h) territories which had been polluted by chemical and radioactive waste
materials;
i) cemetery’ territories;
j) zones of possible flood.
2.5. Territories of industrial complexes should not be divided into small zones
(areas) by railway and roads.
2.6. Industrial buildings should be built on earthquake zones in accordance with
“Instructions on building constructions in earthquake zones and storey limitations of the
buildings.”
2.7. In case when industrial complexes affect the environment, Turkmenistan’s
“Law of Environment Protection” should be observed.
2.8. It is forbidden to build industrial complexes with the sources of environment
destructive substances of 1st and 2nd type in regions which have:
 winds with the speed up to 1 m/s;
 long term calm weather;
 30- 40 % of annual foggy weather.
2.9. Habitable parts of industrial complexes with atmospheric pollution
substances, should be built toward the current of the wind in windy regions, in
order to prevent personnel injury and damage.
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2.10. Constructions of light and food industry with environment friendly

conditions, non-flammable and explosion-proof conditions and which do not need
railway line for transporting products, are recommended to be built in the outer suburban
parts of a city and should be situated away from schools, kindergartens , health resorts
and stadiums.
2.11. There should be sanitary-protective zone between industrial and habitable
territories, length of this zone should be in accordance with special standards.
2.12. Those industrial complexes which need sanitary protective zone more than
500 meters of length should not be built in the suburban parts of the cities.
2.13. Industrial complexes with 50 db level of noise and greater should be built
near habitable territories in accordance with “Building standards and rules” on protection
from noise.
2.14. Building of industrial complexes near the lakes, sea or rivers should be
accepted by the local authorities of environmental protection. Extent of industrial
complexes along the lakes, sea or rivers should be minimum.
2.15. Those industrial complexes with hazardous explosive processes which cause
personnel injury or damage during earthquakes should be built far away from suburbs of
the cities.
2.16. When industrial complexes are planned to be built ashore, building sites
should be situated in accordance with the chapter of “Building standards and rules on
effect of building constructions on hydro-technical constructions:
0,5 meters above the calculated highest point of water surface
0,5 meters above the calculated highest height of sea waves in case of seashore
building constructions
Calculated highest point of water surface should be considered with possible rise
of water surface in:
100 years for the military and agricultural complexes;
50 years for the others
and 10 years for the industrial complexes which have 10 years validity.
2.17. Those industrial complexes which require docks, ports and other
mechanically – equipped constructions should be situated on the river down the habitable
area.
2.18. According to “Airway Code of Turkmenistan” ordinary buildings and
constructions should be situated 30 km away from the boundaries of airport. For the
higher buildings (200 km tall and higher) distance extends to 75 km.
2.19. In case of building industrial complexes near radio-stations, sources of toxic
chemicals and near the military objects, distance between them should be in compliance
with special standards.
2.20. According to the standards and safety regulations that were accepted by
Turkmenistan Cabinet Ministers’ National Committee of architectural and building
control, places of industrial waste should be situated away from 2nd type sanitary zones of
underground water resources.
3. PLANNING OF BUILDING SITES
PLANNING AND LOCATION OF THE INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS
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3.1. Planning of building sites for industrial complexes is intended for better
improvement of building conditions, rationalization and economic usage of the territory
construction with effective capital investment.
3.2. Density of the buildings on the building site should not be less than the
density which given in the book appendix. In case when there are too many buildings on
the building site, density of them should be decreased by 10%. Distance between the
buildings should be minimum permissible.
3.3. There are some specifications that should be considered in the general plans
of industrial constructions:
a) functional zoning – method which is intended for technological relationship,
better sanitary-hygiene standards, anti-fire demands and types of the transport;
b) rational industrial, transportation and engineering relationships between
industrial complex and urban part;
c) make cooperation between general and sub-industries involved in building
construction;
d) intensive use of the building site, including space above and below the ground
for the purpose of industrial extension;
e) creation of united worker’s service networking;
f) improvement of building site of architectural ensemble;
g) make unity between all adjoining buildings;
h) protect soil of building site from erosion, swamping, salinization and prevent
underground water and ponds from being polluted;
i) recultivate the soil which had been damaged during the building construction.
3.4. Environmental conditions of building site should be considered in general
plans of industrial constructions:
a) temperature and direction of the prevailing wind;
b) possibility of soil conditions’ change.
3.5. Production processes, raw materials, equipment and the productions of the
industry should be placed the building site according to theirs harmful effect to the
personnel of industrial complex.
3.6. In case when there are not any automobile facilities, which provide industrial
complexes with trucks, garage not less than for 15 trucks should be built.
3.7. Building site of the industrial complexes into zones, should be divided in
accordance with their functional use:
a) pre-industrial zone (group near the boundaries of the industrial complex);
b) industrial zone;
c) subsidiary zone;
d) warehouse zone;
industrial zone should be divided into:
a) inhabitable area;
b) industrial site
c) buildings of auxiliary structures.
Division of the zones should be in compliance with building project .
3.8. Pre-industrial zone should be situated in accordance with situation of loads
and railways for transportation (pre-industrial zone should be in compliance with
the city building standards).
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3.9. Structure of inhabitable zone of the industrial complex should be in

compliance with:
 city building standards;
 sanitary-hygienic industries
 situation of auxiliary industries;
 architectural planning solutions.
Structure of inhabitable zone includes:
 management part of the industrial complex;
 the staff canteen;
 health centers;
 service centers.
3.10. There should be situated buildings, in auxiliary structure zone, such as:
 water supply buildings;
 electrical energy supply;
 waste disposal systems;
 garages;
 fire-fighting complex.
In case when it is required in general plans of building constructions, the
buildings listed above are allowed to be doubled.
3.11. There should be car-parking area (150-180 cars per 1000 workers) in pre-
industrial and inhabitable area.
3.12. Security control points should be situated on the distance of 1.5 km from
each other.
3.13. The distance between security control points and sanitary area of inhabitable
zone must not exceed 400 meters.
3.14. Near the security control points, sanitary area of the inhabitable zone, staff
canteen and management part of industrial complex there should be supplementary area
for the people. It should be 0,15 square meters per one person.
3.15. Usually, an area required for the industrial complex’s extension should be
planned out of the boundaries of general territory of building site.
If required an area of complex’s extension may be planned inside the general
territory of building site.
3.16. There are some specifications that should be considered during the
reconstruction and extension of industrial complex:
a) organization of sanitary-protective zone (if required);
b) correlation between industrial buildings and buildings of the city.
c) separate improvement of functional zoning and planned solutions of separate
zones of building site and improvement of building site without stop of general
process of building;
d) to rise of effective use of the building site;
e) to unite separate sub-industries and auxiliary complexes a whole;
f) improve of architectural expression of industrial complex.
3.17. If economically justifiable and complied with technological, building,
sanitary-hygienic,
fire and safety regulations, industrial, auxiliary and warehouse buildings, must be united
into one big building.
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3.18. According to the specification of the industry and environmental conditions

of the building site, industrial complexes must comply with some regulations:
a) buildings and street lamps’ longitudinal axis should be oriented to the meridian
at an angle from 45 degree to 100 degree;
b) aerators and walls which are used for aeration (ventilation) should be oriented
at a right angle (90 degree) or at an angle not less than 45 degree to the
prevailing wind at the summer time;
c) at the territories which have sand movements carried by the winds. Green
plants zone also should be planted (not less than 20 meters in width) towards
the prevailing wind order to project from sand winds.
3.19. Half-closed yards should be accepted only in cases when their planning
solutions are in compliance with technology conditions of reconstruction. Width
of the half-closed yards of the buildings which are lit by using windows, should
not be less than half sum of the length of the opposite buildings, but not more than
15 meters. In case when there are not any escape of harmful substances into the
half-closed yard. The most wide side of the half-closed yard should be situated
parallel to the prevailing wind of the area. Open side of the half-closed yard
should be situated to the headwind of prevailing direction.
Note: 1. Half-closed yard is the square which is formed by buildings, but has
one of its sides not being built with the buildings, and which has a proportion of
depth to the width on the plan equal to one.
2. When the proportion of depth of the half-closed yard to its width is more than 3, there
should be a ventilation opening of 4 meters in width and 4,5 meters in length. Bottom of
the ventilation opening should be at the same level with the surface of half closed yard.
There should not be any gates or fences in the ventilation opening.
3.20. It is also accepted to use yards which have all their sides built-up with
buildings only when below specifications are considered:
a) width of the yard should not be than the length of the highest building, but not
more than 18 meters.
b) there should be ventilation opening of 4 x 4,5 meter in size.
3.21. It is allowed to install power and ventilation equipment inside full-closed
and half-closed yards. Distance between those equipment and the walls of the
buildings should comply with standards of 3.19. and 3.20. statements.
3.22. Distance between buildings and constructions, which are lit by the window
opening, should not be less than the length of the opposite buildings and should comply
with the data given in Table 1.
Note: 1. If one of the opposite building or construction, inside of possible shade
zone, do not have any lighting openings, the distance between those buildings and
constructions should be calculated, according to the length of the building, without those
lighting openings.
2. High-rise constructions (chimney, tower and multi-storey columns ) which do not have
lighting openings, should be situated near the building’s wall which have lighting
openings at the distance which is equal to the diameter or one side of the building which
faces high-risen construction. There are no standards for the walls of a building without
lighting openings, which is situated in the possible shade zone, which is made by high-
risen construction.
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3.23. Solid axes of two opposite buildings on the building site usually should
concede.
3.24. Industrial buildings with equipment which cause dynamic load and vibration
to the soil should be situated away from the industrial complexes, which are sensitive to
the vibrations, at the distances, which are calculated according to: engineering and
geological standards of the soil, physical and mechanical specifications of the soil on
which building’s foundation is going to be built, and also must be in compliance with
actions against dynamic loads in accordance with “Instructions on calculation of load-
carrying constructions to the dynamic loads.”
3.25. Warehouses of incandescent and combustible petroleum products,
combustible gases and materials.
3.26. Industrial complexes and open combustion plants which eject gas, smog,
dust, explosive and fire hazardous products, should be situated at leeward side in relation
to other industrial buildings. All given data is for the prevailing wind of the building
site’s territory.
3.27. Cooling ponds and slime tanks should be situated at the safe distance from
main industrial buildings, in order to avoid industrial complexes being flooded in case of
accidents.
3.28. The most wide side of the water spraying pool should be situated at a right
angle to the prevailing wind at the summer time.
3.29. Listed below are the distances, which should be considered, between
industrial buildings according to their category and degree of fire-resistance.
Table 1
Industrial buildings’ Distance between industrial buildings and constructions

and constructions’ according to the building’s degree of fire resistance , meters
degree of fire-
I and II III IV
resistance
There is no data for the industrial
complexes with D and E Grade
III c processes 9 meters for the industrial 9 12
complexes with A, B, C and F Grade
processes (see note 3.)
III 9 12 15
IIIb, IV, IVa, V 12 15 18
Note: 1. Minimal distance between buildings and constructions is the distance
between external walls of those buildings. If buildings have combustible protruding
constructions extended to more than 1 meter, minimal distance between buildings is
the distance between those protruding constructions.
2. There no distance standards if:
a) sum of floor area of 2 or more buildings with II-IV degree of fire
resistance is not increasing the area of floor area allowed between fire-
resistant walls, considering the most hazardous process and the lowest
degree of fire-resistance;
b) wall of the highest or widest building or construction which faces
another building is fire-resistant.
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c) building or constructions of III degree of fire-resistance, independently

d) of their fire hazardous processes, have opposite walls with opening
which are closed by glass blocks or reinforce glass with fire-resistant
range not less than 0,75
3. Distance given for the buildings and constructions, of I-II degree of fire-
resistance and with A, B, C and F Grade processes, decreases if one of the below
conditions is observed:
a) all the buildings and constructions are equipped with automatic fire
b) extinguisher systems.
c) average loading of building B category with combustible materials is less
d) or equal to 10 kg/m3 of storey area.
3.30. Distances between open technological constructions, power units and

equipment, and also distances between those constructions and other buildings should
comply with the standards of technological design.
3.31. Distances between open warehouses, and also between warehouses and other
industrial buildings should not be less than figures listed in Table 2.
Table 2
Distance between warehouses and also between warehouses and other industrial
buildings, meters
Degree of warehouses
fire-resistance wood
of buildings chips incandescent combustible
and coal lumber
Names of and liquids liquids
the constructions sawdust
warehouses capacity,
capacity , cubic meters
tonnes
IV-V
From 1000
From 1000
From 3000
I-II
to 100.000
to 100.000
from 1000
More than
more than
than 1000
III
From 600
Less than
Less than
Less than
from less
less than
to 5000
1000 to
to 1000
5000 to
to 5000
10000
1000
5000
2000
3000
600
1. coal
warehouse
with capacity
(tons) of
-1000 and
more 6 6 12 -* -* 24 18 24 18 18 12 6 18 12 6
-less than 1000 - 6 12 -* -* 24 18 24 18 18 12 6 12 6 6
2. lumber
warehouses
with cap. of,
m3 ; 15 24 30 24 24 -* -* 36 30 42 36 30 42 36 30
-from 1000 to 12 15 18 18 18 -* -* 36 30 30 30 24 36 30 24
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10000
-less than 1000
3. wood chips
and sawdust
warehouses
with cap. of,
m3;
-from 1000 to
15000 18 30 36 24 24 35 36 -* -* 42 36 30 42 36 30
-less than 1000 15 18 24 18 18 30 24 -* -* 36 30 24 36 30 24
4. incandescent
liquids with
capacity of ;
m3 -more
than 1000 to
2000
-from 600 to 30 30 36 18 18 42 36 42 36 -* -* -* -* -* -*
1000 24 24 30 12 12 36 30 36 30 -* -* -* -* -* -*
-less than 600 18 18 24 6 6 30 24 30 24 -* -* -* -* -* -*
-up to 300 18 18 24 6 6 30 24 30 24 -* -* -* -* -* -*
-less than 300 12 12 18 6 6 24 18 24 18 -* -* -* -* -* -*
5. combustible
liquids with
capacity of; m3
-more than
5000 to 10000
-from 3000 to 30 30 36 18 18 42 36 42 36 -* -* -* -* -* -*
5000 24 24 30 12 12 36 30 36 30 -* -* -* -* -* -*
-less than 300 18 18 24 6 6 30 24 30 24 -* -* -* -* -* -*
* It is forbidden to store two same materials (combustible and incandescent liquids also) in two or
several warehouses
Notes: 1. For lumber warehouses and self-ignition coal warehouses:

if height of lumber or coal piles exceed 2,5 meters, distances, given in
Table 2 for buildings of IV and IV degree of fire-resistance, should be increased by 25%
2. When incandescent and combustible liquids are kept in the same warehouse,
capacity must not exceed figures given in Table 2. In this case 1m3 of incandescent
liquids is equal to 5m3 of combustible, and 1m3 of the capacity for ground storage is
equal to 2m3 of capacity for underground storage.
In case of underground storage of incandescent or combustible liquids, figures of
the capacity given in Table 2 should be increased by 2 times and distances should be
decreased by 50%.
3. There are no standards of distance for:
a) coal warehouses with capacity of less than 100 tones;
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b) combustible or incandescent liquids warehouses with capacity of to 100m3 and

coal warehouses of 1000 tones in capacity, if the wall of other building is dead
and fire-resistant.
4. In Table 2 distances are:
a) for warehouses of coal, lumber, wood chips and sawdust-from the boundaries
of the area occupied by those materials;
b) for warehouses of combustible and incandescent liquids – from the walls of
reservoir or from the area occupied by container of those liquids.
5. Distance between warehouses and the area occupied by the equipment in
combustible
containers should be equal to the given figures listed for the buildings of IV-V degree of
fire-resistance.
6. Distances from closed warehouses of combustible and incandescent liquids to
other industrial buildings should be the same as in Table 1.
3.32. Distances from gas-holders of combustible gases to other industrial should

not be less than distances in Table 3.
Table 3
Distances from gas-holders, meters
piston gas
Building and constructions dry gas-holder
holder wet gas-
with cooling pond
holder
1. Residential buildings 150 100
2. Coal warehouses with capacity of, tones:
-from 10000 to 100000 18 15
-less than 10000 12 9
3. Lumber warehouse with capacity of, m3:
-from 1000 to 10000 48 42
-less than 1000 36 30
4. Warehouses of combustible materials
(sawdust, wood chips etc) with capacity of, m3:
-from 1000 to 5000 48 42
-less than 1000 36 30
5. Warehouses of incandescent liquids with
capacity of, m3: 42 36
-more than 1000 to 2000 36 30
-from 500 to 1000 30 24
-less than 500
6. Warehouses of combustible liquids with 42 36
capacity of, m3: 36 30
-more than 5000 to 10000 30 24
-from 2500 to 5000
-less than 2500
7. Industrial and auxiliary buildings with fire- 30 24
resistance degree of : 36 30
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-I-II degree of fire-resistance 100 100

-III-IV degree of fire-resistance
8. Outside industrial furnace with one type of 42 30
fire 60 48
9. Boundary of railways tap zones at the:
-section of road 30 21
-sorting railway 21 16
10. Boundary of roads tap zones of:
-I-II types 21 21
-IV-IV types
11. Center of railway or road track:
-edge of road without tap zones
Notes: 1. Above are the distances for gas-holders stations and alone-stand gas-holders
with capacity of more than 1000 m3. Calculating distances for gas-holders of 1000 m3
in capacity and less, data given in Table 3 should go with following coefficients:
gas-holder capacity, m3 coefficient
from 250 to 1000 0,7
less than 250 0,5
2. In case of underground storage of combustible incandescent liquids, distances listed
in 6th and 7th position should be decreased by 2 times.
3. Distances between gas-holders and chimneys are equal to the height of the chimney.
4. Distances between gas-holders and power transmission line should be not less than
1,5 of the height of the power transmission line support.
5. It is allowed to decrease distances to oxygen gas-holders by 2 times. For other non-
combustible gas gas-holders distances should not be less than distances given in Table
1 for the buildings of I and II degree of fire-resistance.
6. It is allowed to locate open warehouses of non-combustible materials on the area
between gas-holders and other industrial buildings.
7. Capacity of gas-holders is the geometric volume of gas-holders.
3.33. Distances between cooling facilities and other construction should not be
less than distances given in Table 4.
Table 4
Distance to (meters)
Mechanical-
Ground draft and cell-
Buildings and
Chimney-type mechanical-draft type cooling
constructions Spraying pool
cooling tower and cell-type tower built on
cooling tower industrial
building’s roof
1. Spraying none 30 30 none
pool
2. Chimney- 30 0,5D*, but not 18 None
type cooling less than 18
tower
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3. Ground 30 15 9-24** none

mechanical-
draft and cell-
type cooling
tower.
4. Mechanical- none none none 12
draft and cell-
type cooling
tower built on
the buildings.
5. Buildings 42 21 21 9
with walls from
the materials of
25 type of
frost-resistance.
6. Open-type 80 30 42 42
electric power
substations and
network of
electricity
supply.
7. Open ground 60 see Table 2 see Table 2 but see Table 2 but
warehouses. but not less not less than 24 not less than
than 21 15
8. Ground and 9 9 9 9
underground
engineering
networks,
fences.
9. Center of 80 42 60 21
railway tracks
(sorting and
main).
10. Center of 30 12 12 9
internal railway
tracks.
11. Edge of 60 21 39 9
roads for public
use.
12. Edge of 21 9 9 9
internal
industrial
roads.
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* D-is the diameter of cooling towers at the entrance window level

** with the area of section of: up to 20 m2 - 9meters; -more than 20 up to 100 m2 -
15 meters; -more than 100 up to 200 m2 -21 meters; more than 200 m2 - 24 meters.
Notes: 1. In 1-4 positions are the distances for the cooling towers of some type, at the
same time spraying ponds should be located in one row. When there are cooling towers
of different area, distance between rows of the biggest cooling towers should be taken.
2. Distances between the rows of one-mechanical-draft towers should be defined

according to the location of communication systems, but not less than 15 meters.
Distances from one-mechanical-draft towers to other industrial buildings are equal to
the distances for the chimney-type cooling towers.
3. Distances between the rows of the chimney-type cooling tower are for the cooling
towers with the area of 3200 m2. For the chimney-type cooling towers of the bigger
area, distances should be accepted according to special basis.
4. Distances between cooling towers in one row should be:
-for chimney-type cooling towers-0,4 of towers diameter at the base, but not less
than 12 meters.
-for all types of cell-type cooling towers-3 meters;
-for one-storey cooling towers-not less than 3 meters.
5. For the warehouses of calcium, carbide, potassium, sodium and other matters which
in combination with water gives explosive matters, distances between those
warehouses and cooling towers are accepted to decrease by:
-for cooling towers of area less than 20 m2 by 40%;
-for cooling towers of area from 20m2 to 100m2 by 30%;
In all cases distance should not be less than 6 meters.
6. There should be done anti-humidification and anti-ice formation activities for
buildings with the walls made from frost-resistance materials of 25 degree.
7. It is allowed to decrease distance between cooling towers, and cooling towers and
other industrial buildings by 25% in the reconstructed industries.
8. There are no standards for the distances between cooling towers and roads, between
cooling towers and ground and underground engineering systems.
9. Distances in 5-8, in Table 4, are accepted to be decreased by 25% under the
circumstances when cooling tower operates at the temperatures above 0°C.
10. There are no standards for the distance between mechanical-draft tower located on
the building roofing and outer wall of that building.
Distance between mechanical-draft towers and higher parts of walls of the same
building is defined in poz.5, in consideration of notes 5 or 8 and 10
11. Minimal distances from cooling towers with power rating of 100 m3/ hour to:
 buildings with walls made from frost-resistance materials of 25 degree – 15
meters;
 open transformation substations – 30 meters;
 center of internal railway tracks – 15 meters;
 edge of the road and internal industrial roads – 6 meters.
12. There should be water-resistant covering 2,5 meters in width, with fall of the drain,
around the spraying pools.
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13. Distance between setting basin and industrial buildings and constructions should be
the same with the distance between ground mechanical-draft tower and other buildings.
3.34. Fire stations should be located near main roads for public use. One fire
station must serve group of industries within the range of:
-2 km for the industries of A,B,C types and which occupy more than 50% of
building site.
-4 km for the industries of A,B,C types which occupy up to 50% of building site
and for the industries of D and E type.
Notes: 1. In case of increasing the operational (service) range there should be
extra equipment at the fire stations.
2. When there are buildings and constructions , on the building site, with III and IV
degree of fire-resistance, and which occupy more than 50% of building site, range of fire
stations’ operation should be decreased to 40%.
3. It is allowed to build fire stations in the territory of industry of D and E type.
4. Road passages of the fire stations should not intersect main roads for public use.
5. Number of fire-engines and fire-brigades is settled in the planning order by the client
with agreement with third party.
ROADS AND ROAD PASSAGES
3.35. Railways, hydraulic, conveyor belt transport and continuous aerial tramways
that belongs to industries should be planned according to Construction Standards of
Turkmenistan for the industrial transportation projection.
3.36. Industrial automobile and bicycle roads should be planned according to the
Automobile Roads Projection Chapter of Construction Standards of Turkmenistan.
3.37. Plan of industrial transportation system should include:
a) there should be compatibility transport structures with transport equipment for
different type of transport (unified automobile and railway roads or automobile
and tramway roads.).
b) usage of structures and facilities (such as embankments, reservoirs, dams) as
the roadbed for railway and automobile roads.
c) opportunity for transportation system further development.
3.38. There should be pavements and bicycle ways along the main automobile
road, which lead to the homes of the staff, when the extent of the road does not
exceed 2 km. Trees also should be planted along the pavements and bicycle ways.
Bicycle roads are planned according to the volume of traffic:
a) number of bicycles / day – 250;
b) number of automobiles / day – 2000.
3.40. Those industrial complexes, which have area more than 50000 m2, must have
not less than 2 way passages. When the side of the industrial site exceeds 1000 m
there should be not less than 2 road passages onto the industrial site. Distance
between those 2 road passages should not exceed 1500 meters.
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3.41. Width of the exit gates for the automobile transport should be equal to the
maximum width of the automobiles plus 1,5 m but not less than 4,5 meters. Width of the
exit gates for the railway passages should be not less than 4,9 meters.
3.42. Choice of the internal transport should comply with the minimal cargo
transfer between the parts of industrial complex.
3.43. There should be an access to the industrial buildings, along their width, for
the fire-engines:
 only from one side of the building, if the width of the building is up to 18
meters.
 From two sides of the building if the width is more than 18 meters.
When industrial building has an area of 100000 m2 or the width of the building is
more than 100 meters there should be full access to the building from all sides of
the building for fire-engines. Distance from the edge of the road for fire-engines to
walls of the buildings of more than 12 m in high should be not less than 25 meters,
buildings which are from 12 m to 28 m in high – 8m., for higher buildings – not
more than 10 m.
Notes: 1. Width of the building is the distance between layouts of the building.
2. There should be built site of 12x12 meters in size near the ponds which are used by
fire-engines.
3. Fire hydrants should be placed at the distance of 2,5 meters from the edge of
automobile roads and not nearer than 5 meters from the walls of the buildings. In special
cases it is allowed to place fire-hydrants at the edge of the automobile road.
3.44. Width of the road passages at the territory of industrial complex should be
built in accordance with Table 1.
Note: Width of the road passages is the distance between external solid axis of the
building which limits the passage.
3.45. There should be one automobile road passage. It is allowed to place two
automobile roads at the road passage, in case:
a) when the area of road cover is equal to or exceeds the covering area of two
roads;
b) when the area of industrial complex requires building of the roads at different
levels above the ground for transportation access.
3.46. Distance between border stone of the road and industrial buildings should
not be less than the distances listed in Table 5.
Table 5
Distance,
Buildings and constructions
meters
1. External lateral faces of the buildings, vestibules and lean-to
constructions:
a) if there is no access passage to the building and the length of the 1,5
building is less than 20m
b) the same and length is more than 20m 3
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c) when two-axle vehicles and loaders have an access to the industrial 8

building.
d) when three-axle vehicles have an access to the industrial building. 12
e) when only battery-powered trucks have an access to the industrial 5
building.
2. Center lines of two parallel railway tracks:
1520 (1524) mm 3,75
750 mm 3
3. Fence of the industrial site 1,5
4. External lateral faces of trestles, viaducts chimneys, pilasters, 0,5
counterforts.
5. Center line of the railway track which is used for carrying liquid 5
metals, slag, trolleys with ingot and ingot mould, trolleys with cold-
charge materials.
Notes: 1. When road is going to be designed for truck tractors for long loads distances at
the curves of the road and intersections listed in Table % should be increased according
to the load’s weight and should comply with Building Standards of Turkmenistan.
2. Distance between border stone and trunk of the trees depends on the tree’s specimen
(but distances should not be less than the distances listed in Table 7). It is also depends
on the length of a tree.
3. Distances given in the 5 position of Table should not be less than 4,25 m from the
road if the lane of two-lane road is less than 3,75 m. If the car width is more than 2,5 m
indicated distances should be increased.
4. If the car with trailer has an access in to the plant’s building distance from the wall of
plant to the road should be defined by measurements.
5. It the security of the traffic is provided distances of 1c-1e are allowed to be decrease
to 3 m in case of building reconstruction.
3.47. Constructions such as tunnels, bridges, trestles, viaducts should be built at

the distance of 0,5 meters from the border stone of water-way structures (road-side
ditches, channels). In the perspective projection extension of the road should be
considered.
Raise of the constructions, listed earlier, above the roads should be equal to the
height of the loaded truck plus 1 meter but not less than 5 meter.
3.48. Ends of railway tracks which enter the industrial building should end with
dead-end and should be marked.
3.49. Distance between the center line of internal railway track (except railway
tracks which are used for transportation of slag, melten cast-iron and hot ingots) to the
building of industrial complex should not be less than the figures listed in Table 6.
Table 6
Distance, m
Buildings and constructions
Size of railway gauge line, mm
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1520 mm
750
(1524)
1. Building wall’s face and other protruding parts:
pilasters, counterforts and ladders:
a) if there is no exit in the wall 3,1 2,3
b) if there is an exit in the wall 6 5
c) if there are exit in the wall and barriers (10 meters in 4,1 3,5
length) which separate exit from the railway track,
which are parallel to the wall of the building Turkmenistan Turkmenistan’
d) other technological equipment situated at stationary ’s Official s Official
railway tracks (except main and sorting tracks) standards standards
3. warehouse of lumber with capacity of 10000 m3 9838-83 9720-76
4. warehouse of wood, wood chips and sawdust with 5 4,5
3
capacity up to 5000 m 10 9,5
5. warehouse of incandescent liquids with capacity up
to 2000 m3 20 19,5
6. warehouse of combustible liquids with capacity up to 10 9,5
3
10000 m
7. warehouse of coal with capacity up to 100000 tones 5 4,5
Notes: 1. Distances given in 3-7 positions should be allowed in accordance with note no.
5 of Table 2.
2. Outer fences of industrial complexes which require security, should be located at the
distance of 5 meters from the center line of railway track.
3. An approach of railway track to the lumber piles at the warehouses with capacity of
10000 m3 should be done in with lumber warehouse projection standards.
4. It is allowed to locate railway track between automobile road and wall of the building
which connects automobile road with industrial complex by road, in case of technological
demands, at the same time distance between wall and center line of railway track should
be equal to the length of average automobile plus 5 meters.
VERTICAL PLANNING OF BUILDING SITE
3.50.Continuous vertical planning of building site and territory around the

industrial complex should be done in case of 25 % of building density on building site
and also if there is large amount of industrial area ,which is occupied by automobile
roads and engineering systems ,if :
 there is a rock soil which limits horizontal extension of industrial area.
 there are bad hydro-geological conditions near the building site.
 there is large area of tree plantation that requires to be saved.
3.51.There should be removal of fertile soil (both in earth embankment and
excavation place) from the building site before starting construction works .There also
should be storage place for fertile soil where it would not be damaged .flooded or
polluted during the construction works.
3.53. Slope of the building sites should not be less than 0.003 and more than:
0.05-for clay soil
0.03-for sandy soil
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0.01-for soft soil.

For subsidence of rock of II type ,minimal slope should not increase 0.005
3.53. When building is going to be built on the slope ,water-diversion ditch should
be built at the higher part of the slope in order to protect the building .Cross-section of
the ditch should be in compliance with “Planning of water supply systems,outside
networks and constructions” Chapter of Building Construction Standards of
Turkmenistan.
3.54. Plumbing system networks,at the territory of industrial complexes,should be
of closed type.
3.55. If conditions require open type of water-diversion system,cross-section of
water-diversion ditch should be: width of the water-diversion ditches’ bottom-0.3
depth of the water-diversion ditches’ bottom-0.4
3.56.Alone –stand reservoirs and fields of reservoirs of :incandescent and
combustible liquids and gases , poisonous materials should be situated at the lower level
of the ground than other industrial buildings ,and should be enclosed by fire-resistant
fence or by earth bank .If the reservoirs are going to be built at the higher level than other
industrial buildings ,extra activities should be done in order to prevent liquid from
flowing out of the fence of industrial area in case of accident.
3.57. Design places for the buildings and other industrial structures should be
marked in accordance with feasibility varieties for the balance of ground soil.
3.58. It is allowed to use waste materials of the industry during the vertical design
of the industrial complexes ,if these waste materials would not harm or damage
underground warehouses and trees.
3.59. When industrial complex is going to be built in complicated topographic
conditions some parts ,in accordance with feasibility study, may be built at places where
soil is taken out or added (soil balance should be saved).
3.60. Level of building’s first floor should be situated 15 cm higher than the
design elevation of the building site.
3.61. Level of basements and recess places should be 0.5 m higher above the level
of underground water.If building construction requires position of basement at lower
level ,water-proofing material should be used or level of underground water should be
decreased.The increase of the level of underground water during the usage of building
also should be taken into account.
3.62.If there is no pavement around building ,there should be a kind of water-
diversion ditch.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE BUILDING SITE.
3.63. When industrial complex is exposed to the wind of 10 m/s during 3 months
of the most coldest period of time ,there should be a tree zone which would protect
buildings from prevailing flow of the wind.
3.64. Improvement of industrial complex’s area by trees should be done in
accordance with tree’s and bush’s sanitary-protective and decorative properties and also
their resistance to harm.
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NOTE: 1. It is forbidden to plant any kind of tree which produces flakes ,fibrous matters
and seeds ,in industrial zones which have exact manufacture ,compressor and motor test
stations at their territory.
2. It is also forbidden to plant coniferous trees inside the fire–resistant distance
around the buildings.
3.65. It is not allowed to plant trees and bushes in the dense groups near the
industries which release harmful substances into the atmosphere.
3.66. The area of the ground for tree planting ,near the fence of industrial complex
should not be less than 3×2 meters in area per worker of the biggest shift .At the same
time the total area intended to tree planting should not increase 15 % of the whole
industrial area.
NOTE: 1. There should be good water supply for all trees around the industrial complex.
2. It is also allowed to locate plants on the roofing part of the building.
3. It is also allowed to plant “movable gardens”-trees and bushes which are
planted in the open containers.
3.67. Distances between buildings and trees ,and between trees in rows should not
be less than the distances given in Table 7
TABLE 7
Distance to the axle of , in meters
Elements of buildings and constructions
Trunk of a tree Bushes
1.Outside facet and protruding elements. 5 1.5

2.Center line of railway track 5 3.5
3.Lighting mast ,tramway line’s supporter, column
supporter ,supporters of trestles and galleries. 4 -
4.Foot of a slope 1 0.5
5.Outer facet of foot of retaining wall 3 1
6.Edge of pavements and garden roads 0.7 0.5
7.Border stones 2 1.2
8.Underground systems:
a) waste disposal ,gas pipelines 1.5 -
b) heating pipeline ( laid in the channel ) 2 1
c) heating pipeline ( non-channel pipe laying ) 2 -
d) power cable laying ,drainage system laying
,communication cable laying 2 0.7
NOTE: 1.These distances are for the trees with chrome green of 5 m in diameter
and should be increased for larger trees.
2.Distances between trees and power transmission line and should as described
in ”Power transmission line installation regulations.”
Table 8
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Minimal distance between the axle of the

Specimen of a tree tree,metrees
3
1. Light-requiring trees
2. Shade enduring trees 2.5
3. Bushes of 1 m in height 0.4
4. Bushes of 2 m in height 0.6
5.Bushes, higher than 2 m 1
3.68. Distance between trees and cooling ponds and spraying pools ,calculated
from the bank of those constructions ,should not be less than 40 m.
3.69. The main element for the improvement of industrial complex’s territory
should be the lawn.
3.70. There should be built some sport grounds for both sport and relax activities
.These grounds should be built at windward side in relation to the industrial complex
which release harmful substances into the atmosphere .Size of the sport grounds should
be 1 m² per one worker of first shift.
3.71. It is forbidden to locate decorative ponds and fountains near the industries
which release aerosol ,in order to prevent the increase of concentration of harmful
substances.
3.72. There should be built pavements along the roads and road passages.
3.73. Distance between pavement and railway track should not be less than 3.75
meters .Distance between pavement and railway track ,which is used for transportation of
combustible loads ,should not be less than 5 meters .There also should be pavement near:
a) in case of organized drain sewerage system at the roofing part of the building-
near the boundaries of building site (width of the pavements should be increased
by adding 0.5 meters to its current width)
b) non-organized drain sewerage system-1.5 meters from the boundaries of building
site.
3.74. Width of the pavement should be divisible by the traffic lane ( 0.75 meters in
width ).It is done for 750 workers/shift per one lane movement .In this case width of one
pavement’s lane should be 1.5 meters .In case when the intensity of the traffic is less than
100 workers/hour ,pavement’s width is allowed to be decreased to 1 meter .
3.75. When the pavement is situated at same road-bed as the automobile road, they
should be separated and should be situated at the distance not less than 0,8 m. It is
allowed to place pavements right up to the road side only in case of building’s level of
border stone, but not less than 15 cm high above the level of road’s surface.
3.76. In case of reconstruction industrial complexes in narrow places, it is allowed
to increase the width of automobile roads by decreasing the lane of trees, which separates
it from the pavement, or when there is no pavement by decreasing the width of
pavements.
3.77. It is not allowed to make intersection of pavement with railway track in most
crowded places. If it is required to make intersection there should be also traffic lights
and audible signaling systems, which must be seen from the distance, which is described
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in Chapter of Automobile road construction standards of Turkmenistan. In tunnels, it is

requested to make intersections in different levels, in case of:
 transportation of liquid metals and slag;
 maneuvering places of railway transport;
 intersection with side railway track;
 movement of more than 50 railway car / day.
Intersection of pavements with automobile roads should be done in accordance
with “Design and construction of city, townships and rural inhabitable area
“Chapter of Building construction Standards of Turkmenistan”.
3.78. Fence of industrial complex should be done in accordance with “Rules of
fence design and construction at the territories of industrial complex”.
4. ENGINEERING NETWORKS LOCATION
4.1. There should be one engineering network for industrial complex, which
should be located in technical zones in order to decrease the area occupied by them and
should correlate with other buildings on the territory of industrial complex.
4.2. During the installation, underground and ground location of engineering
systems should be considered.
4.3. Different types of engineering systems should be located in common trenches,
channels, low supports, trestles, rails and galleries. They should comply with sanitary and
fire regulations and safety during operation. It is allowed to locate together under the
ground water supply pipelines, heating networks and gas pipelines with technological
pipelines, independently of heat-transfer agent and properties of internal environment of
technological pipelines.
4.4. The level of underground waters should be considered.
4.5. It is not allowed to locate pipelines, which transfer combustible and
incandescent liquids, under the buildings and other constructions.
4.6. Location of power cables should comply with standards as described in
“Regulations of Power Equipment Location”.
4.7. Industrial heating system pipeline may be intersected by other heating system
pipeline.
Underground networks
4.8. Underground pipeline networks should be located out of automobile roads. It

is allowed to locate underground pipeline networks under the road in case of
reconstruction of industrial complex.
Notes: 1. It is forbidden to locate ventilating trunks entrance parts of a tunnels on
the automobile road.
2. In case of non-channel laying underground pipeline networks can be located at
wayside part.
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4.9. Only gas pipelines of combustible gases, with pressure of 0,6 MPa, can be
located with other pipeline networks and communication cables on condition that
ventilation and systems will comply with sanitary standards.
4.10. Horizontal distances between underground networks and buildings and other
constructions should not be less than the distances given in Table 9.
Table 9
Horizontal distance to the underground pipeline networks (meters)
from:
Foun- Foundation of power
Automobile
dation transmission line’s
Center roads
Center line of tramway track
Foundation of buildings
of supporters
line of
trestles, Outer
railwa
Engineering gallerie Bord side
More than 35 kW
From 1 to 35 kW
y track Up to 1
systems s, er of the
with kW
fences stone ditche
gauge and
and boun s or
line of outer
power daries foot
1520 lightin
transmi of the of
mm g
ssion road roadb
lines ed
1. Water 5 3 4 2,8 2 1 1 2 3
pipeline and
pressurized
sewerage
system.
2. Self 3 1,5 4 2,8 1,5 1 1 2 3
sewerage
system
3. Drainage 3 1 4 2,8 1,5 1 1 2 3
systems
4. Gas
pipelines of
combustible
gases
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a) low 2 1 3,8 2,8 1,5 1 1 5 10

pressure gas,
0,005 MPa
0,05 kgs
2
/m
b) Middle 4 1 4,8 2.8 1,5 1 1 5 10
pressure gas,
from 0,05 to
0,3 MPa
c) high 7 1 7,8 3,8 2,5 1 1 5 10
pressure gas,
from 0,3 to
0,6 MPa
d) high 10 1 10,8 3,8 2,5 1 1 5 10
pressure gas,
from 0,6 to
1,2 MPa
5. Heating 2 1,5 4 2,8 1,5 1 1 2 3
network see
outer wall of not
the channel, e.2
tunnel.
6. Power 0,6 0,5 4 2,8 1,5 1 0,5* 5* 10*
cable of all
kid of
voltage and
communicati
on cable
7. Channels, 2 1,5 4 2,8 1,5 1 1 2 3
tunnels
* only intended to the power cables. Distance to communication cables should

comply with standards, accepted by the Turkmenistan’s Ministry of Communication.
Notes: 1. Distance from heating systems (non-channel laying) to the buildings and
constructions should be 5 meters.
2. When underground networks are going to be located near foundation of the
buildings figures given above should be increased according to kind of soil, or
foundations of the buildings should be strengthened. In dense conditions it is allowed
to decrease distance between underground networks and building’s foundation when
there has been done several safety activities in order to prevent building’s foundation
from being damaged in case of accident.
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4.11. Distances (horizontal) between engineering systems (parallel location)

should not be less than figures which are given in Table 10.
Table 10
Distances between; meters
Powe Heating
Communication cables
Gas pipelines r systems
Sewerage system
Drainage system
Water pipeline
cable
Shell of non-channel
channel, tunnel
Channels
Engineering s of
Outer wall of
pipeline laying
High pressure to
High pressure to
Middle pressure
systems all
Low pressure
0,6 MPa
1,2 MPa
types
of
volta
ge
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1. Water 1,5 see note 1 1,5 1 1 1,5 2 0,5* 0,5 1,5 1,5 1,5
pipeline
2. Sewerage see note 1 0,4 0,4 1 1,5 2 5 0,5* 0,5 1 1 1
system
0,5* 0,5 1 1 1
3. Drainage 1,5 0,4 0,4 1 1,5 2 5 0,5* 0,5 1 1 1
system
4. Gas pipelines
See note 2
of combustible
gases -
a) low pressure 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2
gas: 0,005 MPa
b) medium -
pressures: 1 1,5 1,5 1 1 2 1 2
See note 2
0,005-0,03 MPa
c) high pressure -
gas: 0,03-0,06 1 2 2 1 1 2 1,5 2
MPa
d) high pressure 2 5 5 2 1 4 2 4
gas: 0,6-1,2
MPa
5. Power cables 0,5* 0,5* 0,5* 1 0,1-0,5 0,5 2 2 2
of all types of *
voltage
6.
Communication 0,5 0,5 0,5 1 1 1 1 0,5 - 1 1 1
cable -
7. Heating
system 1,5 1 1 2 2 2 4 2 1 - - 2
a) outer wall of
channel,
tunnel
b) shell of non- 1,5 1 1 1 1 1,5 2 2 1 - - 2
channel
pipeline
laying -
8. Channels, 1,5 1 1 2 2 2 4 2 1 2 2
tunnels
* - means that this standard should comply with “Planning electricity supply for industrial
complexes.”
Note: 1. Distance between sewerage networks and drinking-water pipeline should be:
a) asbestocement and reinforced concrete pipeline in the clay soil – 5m;
b) asbestocement in the rocky and sandy soil – 10m;
c) to the iron cast water pipeline (up to 200 mm in diameter) – not less than 1,5 m
d) iron cast pipeline (more than 200mm) – not less than 3;
e) to the plastic water pipeline – not less than 1,5m
2. at collocation in one trench more the one gas pipe line for combustion gas, the distance
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between them in light should be for pipes in diameter: up to 300 mm - not less than 0,4 m; more
than 300 mm - not less than 0,5 m.
3. Distances of gas pipelines are given for those which are made of steel. For non-steel pipelines
see “Planning of outside and inside gas pipelines” Chapter of Regulations and Standards of
Construction.
4.12. When cable line is going to be located parallel to the high – voltage power
transmission line (of 10kV and higher) distance between them should not be less than
10m. In case of reconstruction works distance between cable line and ground rod of high-
voltage power transmission line (more than 1000 V) should not be less than 2 m,
however there is no standards for the distance between cable line and high-voltage
transmission line.
4.13. When engineering systems intersect each other vertical distance between
them should not be less than:
a) between pipelines and power cables and railway tracks (calculating from the
foot of a track or automobile road or calculating from the surface of the road to
the upper part of a pipe or power cable (open type pipe laying)) – 1meter ;
closed type pipe laying (horizontal drilling or panel laying) – 1, 5 meters.
b) Between pipelines and power cables (channel and tunnel type of laying) and
railway track (calculating from the foot of railway track and upper part of
channel or tunnel) –1meter; between bottom of water diversion ditch and foot
of the earth embankment of the railway – 0,5 m
c) Between pipelines and power cables (up to 35kV) and communication cables –
0,5 m.
d) Between pipelines and power cables (110-220kV) – 1 meter
e) In case of reconstruction works, distances given in b), c), d) positions are
allowed to be decreased by 50%
f) Between pipelines for different purposes (except pipelines of sewerage
pipelines and pipelines with bad smelling and poisonous liquids) – 0,2m;
g) Drinking water pipelines should be located at the higher level above sewerage
pipelines and pipelines with bad smelling and poisonous liquids) – 0,4 m.
It is allowed to locate drinking-water pipelines below sewerage pipelines, but
drinking-water pipelines should be made of steel and enclosed into housing. In this
case distance between housing of the pipeline and sewerage pipeline should not be
less than 5m in all directions in the clay soil and 10m – for the rocky and sand soil
(sewerage pipelines should be made of cast iron).
h) entrance of drinking-water pipeline (up to 150mm in diameter) (without
housing) is allowed to locate below the sewerage pipeline if distance between
intersecting pipes – 0,5 m.
i) Distance between open-type heating system with non-channel laying or hot
water supply pipelines and sewerage systems, located below or above them,
should be – 0,4 m.
4.14. In case of vertical planning of engineering systems at the territory of
industrial complex, “Planning of water supply pipeline, sewerage systems, gas
pipelines, heating pipelines at the industrial complex” Chapter of Construction
Standards of Turkmenistan should be fulfilled.
4.15. In case of intersection of gas pipeline and channels and tunnels for different
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purposes, gas pipeline can either be located below them or above them. In case of
underground intersection between pipeline and channels and tunnels, gas pipeline should
be in housing and it should enter the ground and exit it at the distance of 2m from the
outer walls of channel and tunnel. It is also allowed to lay gas pipeline (up to 0,6 MPa )
in housing through the tunnels for different purposes.
4.16. Usually pipelines should intersect railway tracks at a right angle (90º). In
some cases due to feasibility study it is allowed to decrease angle of intersection to
45º. Distance between gas pipelines and heating pipelines and different parts of
railway track (rail point, frog tail and others) should not be less than 10m.
4.17. Intersection between underground cable lines and the axle of railway track of
electric-driven transport should be done at an angle of 75º-90º. Place of intersection
should be at the distance of 10 meters from rail points, frog trails and others.
When underground cable lines get out the ground distance between that point and
foot of the earth embankment of railway track should not be less than 3,5 m.
Ground engineering systems
4.18. When engineering systems will be located on the ground, security from
mechanical damages and bad environment conditions should be provided. Grand
engineering systems should be located in open trays on the sleepers and the location of
the engineering systems should not be lower than the ground level of industrial complex.
It is also allowed to locate engineering systems in tunnels, open trenches and other
engineering facilities.
4.19. It is forbidden to locate pipeline networks, which carry: waste materials
acids, combustible gases, toxic products and alkali, in open trenches and trays.
4.20. Ground engineering systems are prohibited to be located near the places
which are intended to underground engineering systems and which require frequent
access to them.
Above-ground engineering systems
4.21. Above-ground engineering systems should be located on the trestles,

galleries or on the walls of the industrial buildings.
4.22. Intersection of trestles and galleries with power transmission lines, industrial
internal automobile and railway roads, installation of wired radio units should be done at
angle of 30º.
4.23. It is forbidden to locate :
a) transit pipeline networks, which carry incandescent and combustible
liquids and gases, on the trestles and galleries, also on the walls and
roofing of the buildings (if roofing has I and II degree of fire-resistance
and industrial complexes with C, D and E types of operation;
b) pipeline networks which carry incandescent and combustible liquids and
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gases on the walls and roofing of the buildings which contain explosive
materials;
c) gas pipeline networks at the territory of warehouses which stores
incandescent and combustible materials.
Note: Internal pipeline is called transit pipeline if technological equipment of
industrial complex is not connected to that pipeline.
4.24. Pipelines of incandescent and combustible liquids, which are laid on separate
trestles and supports, should be placed at the distance of 3 meters from walls of the
buildings with openings, but that distance may be decreased to 0,5 meters for the walls
without openings.
4.25. Pressure pipelines, which carry gas and liquids, and electric and
communication cables should be placed together on the low supporters, which are
situated at:
a) special technical zones for pipelines at the territory of industrial complex;
b) territory of warehouses of liquids and liquated gas.
4.26. The distance from the ground level to the pipeline’s low part (or to the
surface of pipeline’s insulation), laid the territory out of the automobile roads and
pavements, should not be less than:
a) width of the group of pipe in the pipeline is less than 1,5 meters – not less than
0,35m;
b) width of the group of pipe in the pipeline is 1,5m and more – 0,5m.
Pipelines ( 300 mm and less in diameter) should be placed in 2 or more vertical to
decrease the horizontal width of the pipeline.
4.27. Distance from the ground to the pipeline’s low part (or to the surface of
pipeline’s insulation), which is situated on high supporters, should be:
a) at impassable zones of the industrial complex – 2, 2 meters
b) at an intersection with roads – 5 meters
c) at an intersection with internal and main railways – according to the
Turkmenistan’s Official Standards No. 9238-38
d) at an intersection with the trolley-bus power line – 7,3 meters;
e) at an intersection with the railway which is used for transportation of melted
cast iron or combustible slag-10m from the railway track
f) the same but with heat resistant insulation – 6m.
Page 29 of 40
SNT 2.09.01-98
APPENDIX
PARAMETERS OF THE MINIMAL BUILDING DENSITY OF INDUSTRIAL

ENTERPRISE SITES.
Enterprises (manufacture) Minimal building

density, %
mining and chemical industry 28
nitrogen and nitrogen compound making industry 33
Phosphatic fertilizers and other production of
Inorganic chemistry 32
soda industry 32
chlor-alkali industry 33
Other basic chemistry products 33
Viscose fibres 45
Synthetic fibres 50
synthetic resins and plastic materials 32
plastic products 50
Paint and varnish industry 34
organic synthesis Products 32
iron ore concentrating plants and
pelletizing with capacity, mm tones/year :
5-20 28
More than 20 32
crushing-and-sorting with capacity, mm tonnes/year
Up to 3 22
More than 3 27
Repair and transport (open-cut mining method) 27
headgear complexes and other mines facilities with underground
mining method 30
coke-chemical:
Without concentration plant 30
With concentration plant 28
metalware 50
ferroalloy 30
Pipes 45
refractory products Production 32
firing of fire-resistant materials and production of powders and 28
mortar powder
scrap handling and iron-and-steel waste 25
Aluminium 43
lead-zinc and titano-magnesium 33
copper-smelting 38
headgear complexes and other mines facilities with underground
mining method without concentration plants, with capacity mm
Page 30 of 40
SNT 2.09.01-98
tonnes/year
Up to 3 30
More than 3 35
The same, with concentration plants 30
concentration plants with capacity, mm tonnes/year:
Up to 15 27
More than 15 30
Electrode 45
nonferrous metals machining 45
Continuation of the appendix
enterprises (manufacture) minimal building

density, %
Aluminous 35
Coal and slate mines without concentration plants 28
The same, with concentration plants 26
The central group concentration plants 23
cellulose and paper and cellulose -pasteboard 35
Refurbishing paper and cardboard, working with imported 40
cellulose and paper loss
electricity generating plants with capacity more than 2000
megawatt
a) Without coolers: nuclear 29
GRES power plants on solid fuel 30
GRES power plants on gas- oil-fuel 38
b) with coolers: nuclear 26
electricity generating plants with capacity up to 2000 megawatt
a) Without coolers: nuclear 22
b) with coolers: nuclear 21
thermal stations (thermal power station) with collers:
a) Capacity up to 500 megawatt: on solid fuel 28
On gas- oil-fuel 25
b) Capacity from 500 up to 1000 megawatt: on solid fuel 28
On gas- oil-fuel 26
c) Capacity more than 1000 megawatt: on solid fuel 29
On gas- oil-fuel 30
Operational and repair-operational sites of
Meliorative systems and agricultural water supply 50
metering stations 30
Petropump stations -booster stations (crude booster) 25
Page 31 of 40
SNT 2.09.01-98
Central Production and processing facilities for oil, gas and water, :
m3/year
Up to 3 35
More than 3 37
compressor gaslift plants 35
compressed-air plants for transmission of associated-dissolved gas
productive capacity, thousand cubic meters/day: 200 25
400 30
cluster pump stations for waterflooding of oil measures 25
Support bases for oil and gas producers and
drilling departments 45
logistics bases for petroleum industry 45
Geophysical bases for petroleum industry 30
steam and power boiler and boiler plant-auxiliary
equipment 50
Nuclear power reactors, steam hydraulic and
gas turbines and turbo auxiliary equipment 52
Diesel engines, diesel engine-generators and diesel power stations
on
railway track 50

enterprises (manufactures) The minimal building
density, %
Rolling, blast-furnace, steel-smelting, agromelioration
And coke equipment, the equipment for nonferrous metallurgy 50
powered supports, mine complexes and units, trolleys, combines
for scouring works and drivage, plowing
Facilities for a coal mining, loading and off-loading machines and
loaders, hydraulic legs, mineral-processing equipment, the
equipment for the mechanized works on mines hills and others
Machines and mechanisms for a mining industry 52
Electrical overhead crane and frame cranes 50
conveyor systems for belt, scraping, air-supported load-carrying, 52
loading machines for containerized freight, escalator pulleys
(telpher) and other handling facilities
Lifts 65
locomotive and movable equipment of the railway system, 50
(magistral, shunting and industrial wagons, including electric
multiple-unit trains and Diesel-powered coach trains) tow-to-yarn
machines and containers
brake equipment for railway rolling stock 52
Repair of a rolling stock of railway mobile transport 40
Electric motors 52
Large electric machines and turbogenerators 50
Page 32 of 40
SNT 2.09.01-98
The high-voltage equipment 60

Transformers 45
The low-voltage equipment and the lighting equipment 55
Cable production 45
Electrolamp 45
electric insulating materials 57
accumulators 55
Semi-conductor devices 52
The radioindustries at the total area of industrial buildings,
thousand square meters: up to 100 50
More than 100 55
Electronic industry:
a) The enterprises located in one building (building-plant) 60
b) The enterprises located in several buildings:
single-storey 55
multi-storeyed 50
equipment and reinforcing bars for oil and gas extracting industry
and paper-pulp industry 50
industrial pipe fittings 55
machine-tools for casting and woodworking
equipment 50
press-forging plants 55
Tools 60
artificial diamonds, abrasive materials and tool from them 50
casting 50
press forgings and drop forgings 50
welded structures for machine engineering 50
products for mechanical engineering (reducing gears, fluid
machinery , filtering devices, general engineering
materials) 52
instrument-making, automation equipments and controlling
systems:
a) At total area of industrial buildings 100 thousand square 50
meters

enterprises (manufacture) The minimal building
density, %
b) The same, more than 100 thousand square meters 55
c) with usage of mercury and glassmaking 30
chemical-pharmaceutical 32
Medical-tool 43
medical goods made from glass and porcelain 40
Automobile 50
Car assembly 55
automobile motor-building 55
Page 33 of 40
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aggregates, units, spare parts 55

bearing 55
Tractor, agricultural machines, tractor and
combine engines 52
aggregates, units, details and spare parts for tractors and
agricultural machines 56
bulldozers, scrapers, diggers and units for diggers 50
pneumatic, electric tools and small tools and equipment 63
The equipment for meliorative works, timber cutting /
procurement
And peat industry 55
Municipal mechanical engineering 57
processing facilities for light industry,
textile, food, provender milling and printing industries and the 55
polygraphic industry
processing facilities for trade and catering 57
processing facilities for glass industry 57
Household appliances and machines 57
Ship-building 52
shiprepairing river crafts with yearly output , th. tonnes/year
Up to 20 42
20-40 48
40-60 55
60 and more 60
River ports: I and II categories:
Scoop type 70
river bed type 50
III and IV categories: 55
Furniture 53
cotton gin at covered storage of a raw cotton 29
The same, at 25 % of covered and 75 % of the open storage of a 22
raw cotton
Cotton procuring items 21
crude treatment of wool 61
filature industry 41
textile plants with single-storey main buildings 60
textile factories, located in main buildings, by floor area of
main production package, th.sq.m:
Up to 50 55
over 50 60
small ware 60
knitted outerwear and linen knitwear 60
sewing knitted 60
Sewing 55
Tanneries and crude treatment of raw hide
Page 34 of 40
SNT 2.09.01-98
density, %
single-storeyed 50
Two-storeyed 45
Artificial leather, shoe cardboards and film materials 55
leather goods and haberdashery: single-storeyed 55
Multi-storey 50
fur and sheep-fur-coat 55
Shoe: single-storeyed 55
Multi-storey 50
fittings and other products for footwear, haberdashery,
sewing and knitting industry 52
sugar mills for processing beet-roots, th. tonnes/day
Up to 3 (storage of a beet in clamp fields) 55
From 3 up to 6 (storage of a beet in the mechanized 50
warehouses)
Breads and bakery products with capacity, tons per day:
Up to 45 37
More than 45 40
Confectionery products 50
Vegetable oil capacity, processings of tons seeds in day:
Up to 400 33
More than 400 35
heptadecoic production 40
Perfumery-cosmetic products 40
grape wine and wine-making materials 50
Beer and malt 50
horticultural canned food 50
Meat (with killing and bleeding rooms) 40
Canned meat, sausages, smoked products and other meat products 42
On processing milk by capacity, tons per shift:
Up to 100 43
More than 100 45
preserved milk products 45
Cheese 37
hydrolized-barmy, furfural, protein-vitaminic concentrates and
production
Of premixes 45
flour mills, groats mills, combined feed plants
elevators and cereal receiving points 44
milled and hulled products integrated works 42
On repair of lorries (type GAZ-53A, GAZ-53B and ZIL-130) 60
On repair of tractors (type DT-75, MTZ-50, MTZ-52, K-700, K-
701,
T-150K, MTZ-81), aggregates and units for them 55
On repair the chassis of tractors (type T-150K) 54
service stations for lorries (type,
ZIL-130, GAZ-53A, GAZ-53B) 40
Page 35 of 40
SNT 2.09.01-98
service stations for energy intense

Tractors (type K-700, K-701, T-150К, MTZ-80) 40
technical servicing points for tractors, bulldozers and other
emergency vehicles of mechanized regional association groups 52
regional trading bases 57
railroad bases (regional and interdistrict) 54
mineral fertilizers, calcitic material, agricultural chemical bases 35
chemical weed and pest killers warehouses 57

density, %
art pottery 56
metal and stone artware 52
Horns (band musical instruments) 56
Wood toys and souvenirs 53
Metal toys 61
Garments: in two-storeyed buildings 74
In buildings of more than two floors 60
Cement: by dry production method 35
By wet production method 37
asbestos-cement products 42
pre-stressed ferroconcrete railway sleepers
Capacity 90 thousand cubic meters/year 50
ferroconcrete delivery pipes with productive capacity of 60 45
thousand cubic meters/year
large blocks, panels and other constructions from cellated and
solid lime concrete with productive capacity of thousand cubic
meters/year
120 45
200 50
ferroconcrete bridge conduits for railway and auto
highway constructions with productive capacity of 40 thousand 40
cubic meters/year
concrete structures for hydrotechnic and port construction
With productive capacity of 150 thousand cubic meters/year 50
combined ferroconcrete and lightweight concrete constructions for
rural
industrial construction with productive capacity, of thousand
cubic meters/year
40 50
100 55
concrete products for construction of elevators with
productive capacity up to 50 thousand cubic meters/year 55
Rural building combines for manufacturing of complete sets of
structures for industrial construction 50
burnt clay bricks and conventional bricks 42
Page 36 of 40
SNT 2.09.01-98
lime-sand bricks 45
ceramic flooring tiles, facing, enamelled tiles,
ceramic products for covering building sides 45
sewer tiles (stoneware drains) 45
gravel-classifying sections at mining by hydraulic fill method
With productive capacity of thousand cubic meters/year
500-1000 35
200 (dismountable) 30
gravel-classifying sections at mining by earthmoving method
With productive capacity of 500-1000 thousand cubic meters/year 27
crushing-and-sorting for processing of solid monogenic rocks
With productive capacity, thousand cubic meters/year
600-1600 27
200 (dismountable) 30
agloporite gravel from TPP ashes and expanded clay 40
expanded pearlite (with production of perlite- bituminic plates)
on usage as fuel
Natural gas, 55
black oil fuel 50

density, %
mineral cotton and products from it, vermiculite heat- and
soundproof products 45
lime carbonate 30
chalky flour and raw grounded gypsum 33
glass for windows, polished glass, architectonic-construction
glass, technological glass and fiberglass
technological glass and fiberglass 38
arenaceous quartz concentrating productions with productive
capacity of
150 -300 thous..t/year 27
bottles, cannery glass containers, cooking glass and crystalware
and crystalware 43
construction, technical, sanitary pottery ware,
porcelain and semiporcelain 45
steel building constructions (including pipes) 55
steel structures for bridge 45
specialized industrial service enterprises at floor area
Of industrial buildings, more than 2000 square meters
a) On manufacturing and repair of clothes, repair of the
radioteleequipment
And photoworks factories 60
b) On manufacturing and repair of footwear, to repair complex ,
household appliances
Factories of dry-cleaning and dyeing, building blocks
Page 37 of 40
SNT 2.09.01-98
of consumer service enterprises of type A 55

c) On repair and manufacturing of furniture 50
Petroleum-refining industry 46
Manufacture of synthetic rubber 32
sooty industry 32
tire industry 55
Rubber Technical Products industry 55
Manufactures of rubber footwear 55
Industrial Bases and bases of material supply for
geological surveyance offices and groups 40
Industrial bases at exploration gas of oil and gas 45
Industrial bases of geological survey expeditions at exploration
of solid commercial minerals 33
Industrial bases of parties at exploration of
solid commercial minerals 33
ground complexes of inspection shafts at underground mining
method
without concentration plant, with capacity up to 200 th. tonnes per 26
year
Concentrating, with capacity up to 30 th. tonnes/year 25
crushing-and-sorting with capacity up to 30 th. tonnes/year 20
lead trade facilities, gas processing facilities,
compressed-air plants, underground gas storage facilities 35
compressor stations of main gas pipelines 40
gas-distributing points of underground gas storage facilities 25
Repair-operational stations 45
newspaper-book-journalistic, newspaper-journalistic, book 50
production supply enterprises 40
metal products supply enterprises 35
Notes:
1. The building density of the industrial enterprise platform is defined in
percentage, as the ratio of the building area to the enterprise area at fencing (or at absence
of fencing - in corresponding stipulated borders) including the area occupied by lines of
train tracks.
2. The building area is defined as the sum of the areas occupied by buildings and
constructions of all kinds, including the shelters, open technological, sanitary-
engineering, power and other installations, trestle bridges and galleries, platforms of
cargo handling devices, underground constructions (tanks, cellars, protected
accommodations, tunnels above which buildings and constructions cannot be placed),
and also the open car parkings, machines, mechanisms and ground storages of various
purpose on condition that the sizes and the equipment of parkings and warehouses are
accepted as per norms of technological designing the enterprises.
The building area should include reserve sites on the enterprise platform, planned
in accordance with the design assignment for placing over them of buildings and
constructions (within the limits of dimensions of the specified buildings and
constructions).
Page 38 of 40
SNT 2.09.01-98
The area of building should not include the areas occupied by blind areas around
buildings and constructions, by sidewalks, automobile and railways, railway stations,
temporary buildings and constructions, open athletic fields for rest of workers, by green
plantings (trees, bushes, flowers and grasses), by the open parking of the vehicles
belonging to citizens, by open drainage and other channels, retaining walls, underground
buildings and constructions or their parts, above which other buildings and constructions
can be placed.
3. Calculation of the areas occupied by buildings and constructions, is made by
external contour of their external walls at the level of ground grading elevations.
At calculation of the areas occupied by galleries and trestle bridges, the area of
building includes the projection on horizontal plane only of those parts of galleries and
trestle bridges, under which, (by dimensions) other buildings and constructions cannot be
placed, in the other sites only the area occupied by the bases of support, galleries and
trestle bridges at the level of ground grading elevations is taken into consideration.
4. At construction of the enterprises on platforms with slopes of 2 % and more, the
minimal building density is allowed to be reduced in accordance with the table.
surface slope, % Correction factor of decrease the

building density
2-5 0.95-0.90
5-10 0.90-0.85
10-15 0.85-0.80
15-20 0.80-0.70
5. The minimal building density is allowed to be reduced (at presence of

corresponding feasibility reports), but no more, than for 1/10 of established by the present
appendix:
a) At expansion and reconstruction of the enterprises;
b) For the enterprises of a machine engineering industry incorporating procuring
workshops (foundry, forge-and-press, drop-hammer plants);
c) At construction of the enterprises on platforms with complex engineering-
geological or other adverse natural conditions;
d) For the enterprises on repair the river vessels, having the basin lumbering work
shops;
e) For the enterprises of power engineering and transport mechanical industry, if
it is necessary – the technological intrasite transportations of cargoes in length more than
6 m on trailer cars, trailers (bridges of heavy cranes, component blanks of frames for
diesel locomotives, cars, etc.) or intershop rail transportation of oversized or large-sized
cargoes in weight more than 10 tons. (blocks of steam boilers, nuclear reactors buildings,
etc.)
Page 39 of 40
SNT 2.09.01-98
Table of content.
1. GENERAL STATEMENTS. ........................................................................................................... 2

2. BUILDING LOCATION ................................................................................................................. 3
3. PLANNING OF BUILDING SITES .............................................................................................. 4
Planning and location of the industrial buildings ............................................................................ 4
Roads and road passages ................................................................................................................ 15
Vertical planning of building site ................................................................................................... 18
Improvement of the building site. .................................................................................................. 19
4. ENGINEERING NETWORKS LOCATION .............................................................................. 22
Underground networks ................................................................................................................... 22
Ground engineering systems .......................................................................................................... 28
Above-ground engineering systems ............................................................................................... 28
APPENDIX ......................................................................................................................................... 30
PARAMETERS OF THE MINIMAL BUILDING DENSITY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE
SITES. .............................................................................................................................................. 30
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CONSTRUCTION CODE OF TURKMENISTAN

PLOT PLANS OF INDUSTRIAL

NATIONAL COMMITTEE OF ARCHITECTURAL-BUILDING

NATIONAL BUILDING CODES AND SNT 2.09.01-98

With the coming of SNT 2.09.01-98 “GENERAL LAYOUTS OF INDUSTRIAL

2.1. Industrial buildings should be built in accordance with “Instructions on

2.10. Constructions of light and food industry with environment friendly

3. PLANNING OF BUILDING SITES

PLANNING AND LOCATION OF THE INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS

3.9. Structure of inhabitable zone of the industrial complex should be in

3.18. According to the specification of the industry and environmental conditions

Industrial buildings’ Distance between industrial buildings and constructions

c) building or constructions of III degree of fire-resistance, independently

d) or equal to 10 kg/m3 of storey area.

3.30. Distances between open technological constructions, power units and

Notes: 1. For lumber warehouses and self-ignition coal warehouses:

b) combustible or incandescent liquids warehouses with capacity of to 100m3 and

3.32. Distances from gas-holders of combustible gases to other industrial should

-I-II degree of fire-resistance 100 100

3. Ground 30 15 9-24** none

* D-is the diameter of cooling towers at the entrance window level

2. Distances between the rows of one-mechanical-draft towers should be defined

ROADS AND ROAD PASSAGES

c) when two-axle vehicles and loaders have an access to the industrial 8

3.47. Constructions such as tunnels, bridges, trestles, viaducts should be built at

VERTICAL PLANNING OF BUILDING SITE

3.50.Continuous vertical planning of building site and territory around the

0.01-for soft soil.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE BUILDING SITE.

1.Outside facet and protruding elements. 5 1.5

Minimal distance between the axle of the

in Chapter of Automobile road construction standards of Turkmenistan. In tunnels, it is

4. ENGINEERING NETWORKS LOCATION

4.8. Underground pipeline networks should be located out of automobile roads. It

a) low 2 1 3,8 2,8 1,5 1 1 5 10

* only intended to the power cables. Distance to communication cables should

4.11. Distances (horizontal) between engineering systems (parallel location)

Ground engineering systems

Above-ground engineering systems

4.21. Above-ground engineering systems should be located on the trestles,

PARAMETERS OF THE MINIMAL BUILDING DENSITY OF INDUSTRIAL

Enterprises (manufacture) Minimal building

Continuation of the appendix

enterprises (manufacture) minimal building

Continuation of the appendix

The high-voltage equipment 60

Continuation of the appendix

aggregates, units, spare parts 55

service stations for energy intense

Continuation of the appendix

Continuation of the appendix

of consumer service enterprises of type A 55

surface slope, % Correction factor of decrease the

5. The minimal building density is allowed to be reduced (at presence of

1. GENERAL STATEMENTS. ........................................................................................................... 2

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