Information Technology in Service Sector

Management

INTRODUCTION:-
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY is the collection of
computing systems used by an organization. Information technology in its
narrow definition, refers to the technological side of an information system it,
includes the hardware, software, databases, networks and other electronic
devices, it can be viewed as a subsystem of an information system sometimes
though the term information technology is also used interchangeably with
information system.

In the 1960s and 1970s, the term information technology

(IT) was a little known phrase that was used by those who worked in places
like banks and hospitals to describe the processes they used to store
information. With the paradigm shift to computing technology and "paperless"
workplaces, information technology has come to be a household phrase. It
defines an industry that uses computers, networking, software programming,
and other equipment and processes to store, process, retrieve, transmit, and
protect information.

By the early 21st century, nearly every child in the

Western world, and many in other parts of the world, knew how to use a
personal computer. In business, information technology departments have gone
from using storage tapes created by a single computer operator to
interconnected networks of employee workstations that store information in a
server farm, often somewhere away from the main business site.
Communication has advanced, from physical postal mail, to telephone fax
transmissions, to nearly instantaneous digital communication through electronic
mail (email).

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 Jobs in information technology are widely varied,
although many do require some level of higher education. Positions as diverse
as software designer, network engineer, and database administrator are all
usually considered IT jobs. Nearly any position that involves the intersection of
computers and information may be considered part of this field.

The World has entered the new millennium, which is going

to be an Information Technology Age. Today Computers have not only
assumed strategic importance in the corporate world, they are being effectively
used in other fields ranging from space exploration to food processing and
banking to communication etc. In this era of Information Technology, which
has revolutionized the whole world, INDIA has stood to the world standards
and is being regarded the World over for its skilled IT Professionals. Even the
government has recognized the promising future of this industry and has
formed a new IT Ministry which will give a boost to this industry.

The phenomenal growth which this industry is witnessing

has lead to it being recognized as one of the highly paid industry. As this
industry is young, the average age of professionals is lower than any other
industry. The availability of skilled, qualified professionals is hardly able to
meet the requirement, leaving a large gap to be filled by those with ambition,
aptitude and willingness to work hard.

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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDIA:-

CONTRIBUTION TO G.D.P. STATUS IN WORLD MARKET.

The Indian Information Technology industry accounts

for a 5.9% of the country's GDP and export earnings as of 2009, while
providing employment to a significant number of its tertiary sector workforce.
More than 2.3 million people are employed in the sector either directly or
indirectly, making it one of the biggest job creators in India and a mainstay of
the national economy. In March 2009, annual revenues from outsourcing
operations in India amounted to US$60 billion and this is expected to increase
to US$225 billion by 2020.

The most prominent IT hub is IT capital Bangalore. The

other emerging destinations are Chennai, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Pune, NCR,
Jaipur and Kolkata. Technically proficient immigrants from India sought jobs
in the western world from the 1950s onwards as India's education system
produced more engineers than its industry could absorb. However, there are
severe skills shortage among engineers, especially who lack in soft skills and
technical skills, as a result engineering graduates remain unemployed after
being pass out from college or university. India's growing stature in the
information age enabled it to form close ties with both the United States of
America and the European Union.

Each year India produces roughly 500,000 engineers in

the country, out of them only 25% to 30% possessed both technical
competency and English language skills, although 12% of India's population
can speak in English. India developed a number of outsourcing companies
specializing in customer support via Internet or telephone connections. By
2009, India also has a total of 37,160,000 telephone lines in use, a total of
506,040,000 mobile phone connections, a total of 81,000,000 Internet users—
comprising 7.0% of the country's population, and 7,570,000 people in the
country have access to broadband Internet— making it the 12th largest country
in the world in terms of broadband Internet users. Total fixed-line and wireless
subscribers reached 543.20 million as of November, 2009.

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 The New Telecommunications Policy, 1999 (NTP 1999) helped
liberalize India's telecommunications sector. The Information Technology Act
2000 created legal procedures for electronic transactions and E-commerce.

Throughout the 1990s, another wave of Indian

professionals entered the United States. The number of Indian Americans
reached 1.7 million by 2000. This immigration consisted largely of highly
educated technologically proficient workers. Within the United States, Indians
fared well in science, engineering, and management. Graduates from the
Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) became known for their technical skills.
The success of Information Technology in India not only had economic
repercussions but also had far-reaching political consequences.

India's reputation both as a source and a destination for

skilled workforce helped it improve its relations with a number of world
economies. The relationship between economy and technology—valued in the
western world—facilitated the growth of an entrepreneurial class of immigrant
Indians, which further helped aid in promoting technology-driven growth.

India is now one of the biggest IT capitals in the modern world.

The economic effect of the technologically inclined

services sector in India—accounting for 40% of the country's GDP and 30%
of export earnings as of 2006, while employing only 25% of its workforce.

The share of IT (mainly software) in total exports increased from 1 percent in

1990 to 18 percent in 2001. IT-enabled services such as backoffice operations,
remote maintenance, accounting, public call centers, medical transcription,
insurance claims, and other bulk processing are rapidly expanding. Indian
companies such as TCS, Wipro, and Infosys may yet become household
names around the world.

Today, Bangalore is known as the Silicon Valley of India and contributes

33% of Indian IT Exports. India's second and third largest software companies
are head-quartered in Bangalore.

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 India's IT industry (USD bn) [ Source: NASSCOM ]

Particulars FY FY FY FY
2004 2005 2006 2007

IT Services 10.4 13.5 17.8 23.7

- Exports 7.3 10.0 13.13 18.1

- Domestic 3.1 3.5 4.5 5.6

ITES-BPO 3.4 5.2 7.2 9.5

- Exports 3.1 4.6 6.3 8.3

- Domestic 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2

Engineering services, R&D 2.9 3.9 5.3 6.5

and Software products

- Exports 2.5 3.1 4.0 4.9

- Domestic 0.4 0.7 1.3 1.6

Hardware 5.0 5.9 7.0 8.2

Total IT industry 21.6 28.4 37.4 47.8

- Exports 13.4 18.2 24.1 31.9

- Domestic 8.3 10.2 13.2 15.9

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 Graph (above data)
50
40
30
20
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FY 2004
es PO ts ar
e try
r vic -B d uc w us FY 2005
Se S ro rd d
IT ITE ep Ha in FY 2006
r la IT
ftwa To
t FY 2007
So
d
an
&D
,s R
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En

The demand for IT sector has increased and requirement for IT

professional has also increased which can be seen in the graph

No. of IT professional in (1000)

1200
1045

1000
841

800 670

522
600
430 No. of IT professional
in (1000)
400

200 56

0
1990-91 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2004-03 2004-05

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 Top Seven I.T. Hubs in India

Ranking City/Region Description

1 Popularly known as the capital of the Silicon
Bangalore Valley of India is currently leading in
Information Technology Industries in India.
2 It is also called as India's second silicon valley.
Chennai The TIDEL park situated here is one of the
largest in Asia.
3 Hyderabad which has good infrastructure and
Hyderabad good government support is also a good
technology base in India.
4 Kolkata which is slowly becoming a major IT
Kolkata hub in near future. Some of the well known
technological corporations are situated.
5 This rapidly growing industrial hub houses a lot
of IT/ITES and BPO giants. With Genpact,
Connexions IT services, Evolve - The GnNxt IT
Park has Deutsche Bank and EXL BPO, Girnar
Soft,Infosys Technologies, Nagarro Software,
Jaipur
Nucleus Software, Tech Mahindra, Truworth
Infotech and Wipro Ltd already there, Jaipur
plans to have the largest IT SEZ in India which
is being built by Mahindra under the Mahindra
World City on Jaipur-Mumbai NH 8.
6 Pune, a major industrial town, hosts numerous
multinational and national software giants along
with BPO and KPO firms. World class SEZs
Pune like Hinjawadi IT park and Magarpatta city give
Pune a distinct advantage. The city is a major
educational hub and churns out thousands of
technocrats every year.
7 The National Capital Region of India are having
NCR ambitious projects and are trying to do every
possible thing for this purpose.

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Advantages of information technology:-

Globalization:-
I.T. has not only brought the world closer together, but it has allowed the
world's economy to become a single interdependent system. This means that we
can not only share information quickly and efficiently. The world has
developed into a global village due to the help of information technology
allowing countries like Chile and Japan who are not only separated by distance
but also by language to shares ideas and information with each other.

Communication: -
With the help of information technology, communication has also become
cheaper, quicker, and more efficient. We can now communicate with anyone
around the globe by simply text messaging them or sending them an email for
an almost instantaneous response. The internet has also opened up face to face
direct communication from different parts of the world thanks to the helps of
video conferencing.

Cost effectiveness:-
Information technology has helped to computerize the business process thus
streamlining businesses to make them extremely cost effective money making
machines. This in turn increases productivity which ultimately gives rise to
profits that means better pay and less strenuous working conditions.

Bridging the cultural gap:-

Information technology has helped to bridge the cultural gap by helping people
from different cultures to communicate with one another, and allow for the
exchange of views and ideas, thus increasing awareness and reducing prejudice.
Creation of new jobs:-
Probably the best advantage of information technology is the creation of new
and interesting jobs. Computer programmers, Systems analyzers, Hardware and
Software developers and Web designers are just some of the many new
employment opportunities created with the help of IT.

Application of Information Technology

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Information Technology (IT) revolution takes places everywhere.
Organizations implementing IT are able to provide better
services and thereby able to improve their businesses manifold. In earlier days
IT has enormously been used in manufacturing sector regarding product
designing and development, product modification etc. Now-a-days the
importance of IT has been strongly felt and applied in the services sector.

1) Application of IT in Hospitals
The hospital management is taking place with the application
of IT. Starting from the reception by recording a patient's name, the IT has been
used everywhere in a hospital. A patient's record comprising his name, age, sex,
disease found, blood group, height, weight, blood pressure level, etc. has been
maintained as database in a computer in the hospital. So whenever the patient
arrives his previous record can be verified. For billing purposes also the
computers have been used widely in hospitals.

02) Application of IT in Pharmaceutical Shops.

Because of the increase in competition, IT has also been
applied in pharmaceutical shops. Whenever any medicine enters the shop, all
the information related to the medicine – its name, quantity, manufacturing
date, expiry date, its content, price and other information can be entered into a
computer system. Whenever the sales take place, computerized billing would
be provided to the customers. The bill would carry plenty of information for the
benefit of customers indicating the name of the medicine, quantities purchased
by them, its price, manufacturing and expiry date. It give indications to the
manager/supervisor of a pharmaceutical shop related to the number of
quantities sold, number of quantities available in the shop and the computer
also warn them regarding the date of expiry.

03) Application of IT in Educational Institutions.

The Government of India has come out with a statement
stating that Information Technology (IT) is India's Tomorrow. Hence the
educational institutions have to use IT for teaching the childrens. Latest
hardware and software can be used and the latest computer languages and
packages have to be taught to the students. It is not enough if student of
computer science alone has been taught about IT, but also the students of other

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disciplines have to be taught about IT. Because, the application of IT takes
place everywhere.
 
04) Application of IT in Share Trading.
Gone are the days when stock brokers use to shout at the
trading hall of a stock exchange quoting their price. Now-a-days with the help
of computer terminal and internet connection, purchasing and selling of share
takes place everywhere. A client can look at the transactions taking place
through the computers. The volume of the shares traded and the turnover has
got consistently improved because of the online share trading.

05) Application of IT in Banking .

All the private and foreign banks have gone for 100 percent
computerization. At a rapid fast, the government owned nationalized banks are
also improving their number of computerized branches. With the help of
computerization, the transaction takes place at a faster rate and the waiting time
of a customer in a queue is getting minimized.
E – Banking is emerging in the Indian banking sector. The banks
provide the facility of internet banking, phone and mobile banking with the
help of IT. All the branches of a bank are networked. The networking also takes
place between two or more branches in order to provide easy accessibility for a
customer. The cost incurred on infrastructure, furniture and employees has got
decreased because of the application of IT.

06) Application of IT in Advertising Agencies.

'Creativity' is the slogan chanted in Ad Agencies. Creativity
involves doing things differently. Things can be done differently with the help
of IT. The Ad Agencies use lot of software for creating advertisements. Lot of
animations and graphics can be done using IT tools.

07) Application of IT in Marketing Research Agencies.

Marketing Research (MR) agencies involve in lot of research
activities starting from research survey on product development till distribution
and measurement of customer response. Gone are the days of manual analysis
of data. The MR agencies use sophisticated statistical software packages for
data analysis and interpretation. Some of the statistical software packages are
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created by their own for customized problems. Hence, application of IT tools
take place in full swing at MR agencies.

08) Application of IT in Indian Railways.

The Indian Railways has the proud of being the 'largest
employer'. The application of IT, has provided various benefits for the Indian
Railways and its passengers. With the issue of computerized railway tickets, the
errors have been minimized. A passenger can book the train ticket from any
part of the country. A passenger can also book the train ticket at his convenient
place, as the online reservation system has been introduced.

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 Future prospective of service:
Information Technology in Services Sector — A Vision for INDIA

Technology Information, Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC), an

autonomous organization under the aegis of the Department of Science &
Technology (Govt. of India) plays a vital role in technology development and
promotion in India through its various programmes.

Technology Vision : 2020

TIFAC embarked on a major long-term technology
forecasting and assessment exercise — Technology Vision : 2020 on the
national level encompassing various technology areas. A detailed survey of key
areas in major infrastructure, advanced technologies and technologies with
socio-economic implications was taken up. In a span of two years, over 5000
area experts from the industry, Government, R&D agencies and academia were
brought together for a thorough survey of shared opinion in select areas.

Concerted action-plans were formulated on short,

medium and long-term basis up to 2020 AD and seventeen key technology
areas of prime importance to the country were addressed; around 100 sub-
sectors were covered for specific details. The exercise was carried out in the
backdrop of a complex and heterogeneous social milieu of India and thus a
country specific vision emerged. The Task Forces were constituted for
seventeen areas. Each Task Force was headed by a Chairperson and comprised
a Co-Chairperson, Coordinator and panels of experts looking at major sub-areas
covered.

While Technology Vision: 2020 exercise covered classical

technology sectors like agro-food processing, chemical industry, engineering
industry, electronics, etc., this article focuses on services sector due to its
immense potential for value-addition and employment generation. The services
sector draws heavily on information technology (IT) for its advanced
applications.

Services Sector
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 Services, the 'tertiary sector' of the economy, covers a
wide gamut of activities like trading, banking and finance, infotainment, real
estate, transportation, security, management and technical consultancy among
several others. The contribution from services sector today stands over 40 per
cent of the total GDP in India. The sector currently employs close to 20
million people in India. The TIFAC study on services covered nine select sub-
sectors ranging from advertising, HRD services, testing and certification to
Government administration.

For all the aforesaid areas, IT plays the prime role in

information processing, storage and access with a view to providing
improved services to the consumers. Some of the typical IT applications in
major services sector are outlined in the following sections.

FUTURE OF IT INDUSTRY IN INDIA

According to leading reports, Indian software industry is set
to achieve a turnover of 30 billion dollars by the year 2020. The projected
demand for trained I.T. professionals is estimated at over 400,000 per year.
There is a clear imbalance between the demand and supply of IT professionals
with the result that this sector offers one of the highest remuneration packages.
The Internet is a new revolution that is sweeping the world. It promises to
change the way we work, live, shop, communicate and entertain ourselves.

Emerging Technologies
E-commerce the Internet revolution is sweeping the world
and is changing the way companies traditionally dealt with customers. Now
customers can compare and shop without moving out of their homes by using
the Internet. Electronic commerce relates to all commercial transactions that
take place through the Internet. It is estimated that the quantum of e-commerce
will jump to 800 billion US dollars by the year 2010. In order to enter this field,
in addition to a basic degree in computer science/engineering one must have
sound knowledge of software used in the front end such as Java, DHTML,
Visual basic etc, the backend which is generally databases such as Oracle and
SQL server as well as networking and web server maintenance. In addition an
understanding of business transactions is also essential.

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Customer Relationship Management Companies offering products and services
have to deal with a number of customers. Customer relationship management
software provides a record of all previous dealings with customers so that the
company personnel can take the right decision while dealing with them.

Future trends:
There are a number of emerging trends that will have significant combined
impact on the development of technology, the nature of business and the way
in which society interacts.

Business and economic factors:-

Globalization and its effects in the global economy have a profound effect in
shaping the global IT industry. There is great, unceasing demand for
technology-enabled business transformation constant innovation in technology
and technology-intensive products and services across all sectors.
Off shoring:-
Off shoring is predicted to increase. This will mean that low-cost nations, such
as China, Russia, Vietnam and Bangladesh, will gain a greater proportion of the
international technology market. Indeed, China has already become the biggest
exporter of IT goods, surpassing Japan, the European Union and the US.

Technology:-
The new challenges presented by technology are likely to be driven by the next
generation of ‘digital natives’, the generation that has grown up with
technology. They are the ‘native speakers’ of the digital language of computers,
video gaming and the Internet. Increasing environmental concerns will also
drive the demand for green IT and environmental computing.
Social factors
The desire for ‘green IT’ and environmental computing is growing and
intrinsically linked to the debate about energy in the 21st century. Other major
social factors influencing the direction of the IT sector include the rise of social
computing, increased consumer power in determining content and services and
the impact of the new generation of digital natives and the expectations they
bring to the workplace and the world market.

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Skills:-
The demand for employees to have advanced or higher-level IT skills is
expected to increase. This will be a feature of all sectors in the UK as
employers remain competitive and seek an advantage through IT.
IT professionals employed in all sectors will see the demands
of their role change as the UK industry addresses the higher level skills
required to remain competitive in a global environment. The Gartner Executive
Programs Survey of Chief Information Officers (CIOs), 2007, highlighted the
following skills gaps in key IT areas for the period 2007 to 2010:
 Business intelligence,
 Business process improvement,
 Enterprise architecture,
 Business relationship management,
 Program & project management,
 Sourcing & vendor management,
 Is strategy & planning,
 Security & risk management,
 Customer service,
 Infrastructure & operations,
 Application development & management,

Information technology developments and trend

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Internet- the best service in i.t. Sector

F irst imagine this scenario it’s a Monday morning ,

An executive officer Mr. X gets into car and his voice activates a wireless
telecommunication access workstation she requests that all open and pending
voice and mail messages as well as his schedule for the day be transmitted to
his car the office workstation consolidates these items from home and office
databases the message ordering “knowbot”(knowledge robot) which is an
enhanced email messaging system delivers the accumulated messages in the
order she prefers to the voice and data wireless device in X’s car by the time
Mr. X gets to the office, he has heard the necessary messages, sent some
replies, revised his day’s schedule, and completed a to do list for the week.

All of which have been filed in his virtual data

base by her personal organizer knowbot he has also accessed the internet by
voice and checked the traffic conditions. Stock prices and top news stories.
The virtual organizer and the company intranet have made Mr.X’s use of it
much easier no longer does she have to be concerned about the physical
location of although segments of the acme file physically exists on several
database.
He can access the data from his wireless
workstation wherever he happens to be to help manage this information
resource, Mr. X uses an information visualizer that enables he to create and
manage dynamic relationship among data collections. This information
visualize has extended the graphical user interface to three dimensional graphic
structure.
Mr. X could do even more work if her car were able to
drive itself and if it were able to find an empty parking space on its own.

Although this kind of car is still in an experimental stage it will probably be in

commercial use before 2015 due to developments in pervasive computing.

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 In may be possible for parts of this scenario to become a reality even
sooner, owing to important trends in information technology.
For example:- voice access to the internet is already becoming popular.

A Career in Information Technology (IT)

Considering a career in IT is a little like negotiating the M25 -

there are many ways in, it can be confusing and there are different opinions as
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to the best route - but once you've found your route it is very satisfying. One of
the things that can make an IT career both exciting and daunting is the fact that
there is an increasing rate of change in all areas of the field. This can make
some skills irrelevant very quickly or over-emphasise others, so a well
informed choice requires research.

CAREER PROSPECTS
India is no longer considered as country of Castes, Curry and
Cows with an ossified society. According to India's National Knowledge
Commission, India well positioned to take advantage of the knowledge
revolution which can be seen the dramatic revolution in the field of Information
and Technology. This has witnessed a wide range of macroeconomics
implications which can be seen in the development of multi-million dollar IT
sector and creating of a huge amount of job potential for a large assembly of
English speaking scientific professionals.
Information Technology encompasses a wide range of
activities like Office Automation, Telecommunication and Computing,
therefore provides a larger area of job avenues for those who have acquired the
right qualifications for it. At the beginning of this millennium NASSCOM,
National Association of Software and Services Companies made an estimate
that India would require 10,00,000 trained software professionals in few years.
The present availability such skilled people is only 5% of the required amount.
So we can conclude that this sector is going to provide employment to a large
number of such professionals.

REMUNERATIONS
These professionals earn a good amount of salary and
incentives. The pay scales vary from job to job and depend on the level of
qualification and performance.
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 The data entry staff earns in the range of Rs 5000 to Rs
15,000 and so do the computer operator and supervisors. The pay scale in the
programming jobs range from Rs 5000 to Rs 20,000 per month. Software
consultants can earn around Rs 50,000 per month. At the Management level the
pay scales varies to Rs.1,00,000 per month. At the Maintenance level one can
earn around Rs 15,000 to Rs 1,00,000 per month so are the salaries of those
who are at Research and Development level.

Nature of Work
There are two main sectors in this field:

Hardware:
This includes the physical elements of the computer system and deals with the
designing, manufacturing and maintenance of computers. This area also
includes the assembling of the manufactured components of the computers.

Software:
This includes the set of instructions by which a computer is programmed for
working and performing the specified tasks. This realm includes the work of
designing the programs for various purposes. Programs may be for controlling
the functioning of the computers or they may also be some user-friendly
programs for specific needs. The programs may also come in the form of
packages, which are designed for meeting the different kinds requirements for
large number of people.

Professional Courses

This is a specialized field and so academic and technical skills are very
essential. There are various courses available at different institutions. Many
diploma and degrees courses are there for those who have an aptitude and flair
for the subject. These are:
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 Bachelor in Computer Applications (BCA)
 Bachelor in Science with Computers (B.Sc)
 Masters in Computer Applications (MCA)
 M.Sc in computers
 Masters in System Management
 B.Tech and B.E
 M.Tech
 Certification Courses
 Diploma in Computer Applications
 Post Graduate Diploma in Computer Applications

Colleges, Institutions and Universities

There are more than 200 Engineering Colleges and more than 1000 Institutes
which are engaged in imparting computer education in India both in Hardware
and Software. Some of the well-known institutes in the private sector imparting
computer education are:

1.Aptech
2.NIIT
3.Pentasoft
4.IIS Webcity
5.Informatics and First Computers

Case study
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 { 01 }

WESTERN MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY

Michigan’s fourth largest university is a true pioneer and an

early adopter of wireless technology. With a campus-wide wireless network
spread across 1200 acres and 151 buildings among several campuses, Western
Michigan University embraced wireless technology at the turn of the century
and radically changed student life.

Even though the existing wireless network had over 1,500

access points and adequately covered existing wireless applications, the
network needed to evolve to provide the performance required for future
applications, driven by the countless concurrent academic and extracurricular
activities of more than 25,000 students.

CHALLENGE

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● Transforming learning centers into flexible, collaborative environments.

● Supporting collaborative learning and social networking applications,

including video over wireless.

● Maintaining a reputation as a technology innovator and leader.

SOLUTION

● Cisco next-generation 802.11n wireless solution including the Cisco

Aironet 1250 Series access points

● Cisco Catalyst 3750-E Series Switches with Enhanced Power over Ethernet

● Migration to a Cisco Unified Next Generation Wireless Network

RESULTS

● Deployed state-of-the-art network to prepare for an increase in the number

of Wi-Fi connected devices and the associated growth in bandwidth
intensive applications.

● Reduced network deployment and management costs through centralized

control provided by Cisco’s Unified Wireless Architecture.

● Offered students, faculty, and administrators the latest in wireless

communications and future-proofed wireless investment in new buildings.

{02}
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 Cleveland Airport System
Cleveland Hopkins International Airport (CLE) is one of the busiest airports
in the United States, serving more than 11.4 million passengers in 2007. With
the IP infrastructure supporting airport-wide voice and business applications,
emergency communications systems, airspace tracking systems, and
applications that report on runway ice and snow conditions, passenger safety
often directly depends on maintaining a stable and available network.

The IT team had successfully protected the airport for many

years, but by 2008, the time had come for a security upgrade. The officials
wanted to add new firewall and intrusion prevention capabilities, reduce
administrative requirements (particularly for supporting remote users), and
implement more comprehensive network security monitoring.

“All of these applications are mission-critical for us, even basic Internet
connectivity, because almost all of the weather information that we get is
Internet-based. If our connectivity were to go down during a snow event, it
would be paralyzing.”
Says Mark Hogan, chief information officer of Cleveland
Airport System, the department of the City of Cleveland that operates CLE
and a second smaller airport in the region.

CHALLENGE

● Strengthen protection against internal and external threats.

● Reduce IT administrative requirements.

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● Streamline regulatory compliance efforts.

SOLUTION

● Overhauled the network defenses with security, remote

connectivity, and network monitoring solutions.

RESULTS

● Achieved stronger defenses and more rapid incident response.

● Reduced administrative and compliance burden.

● Saved thousands of dollars annually.

Conclusion

 The main aim of this project has been to assess the possible role of IT in
broad based economic development of India.

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 From the analysis it is clear that the IT has potential of not only
accelerating the growth in the Indian economy but also promoting the
broad based economic development.

 To realize the same, besides standard policy initiatives such as

improving infrastructure, strengthening training and education system,
and Introducing labour law that affects every sector of economy
including the IT sector, the government need to take specific measures
to promote it use and to make it assessable to every section of economy
and society.

 The IT should be promoted to be used as a tool for raising the living

standard of the common people and enriching their lives.

 IT literacy need to be enhanced manifold among the population at large

through conventional and non conventional means, so that ordinary
people can begin to use it to drive benefits, both economically and
socially.

 India will not reap the full benefit unless it’s broader institutional and
incentive regime creates opportunities’ for local communities and
villages to realize the benefit from the same.

 Information technology is an important emerging sector of the Indian

economy. The size of this sector has increased at a tremendous rate of
35%per year during the last 10 years. Its contribution to the national
gross domestic product is expected to be around 8.5%by the year 2010-
11, quite similar to that in the United States today.

Bibliography

 Soumitra Biswas
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 (Technology Information, Forecasting and Assessment Council 
Department of Science & Technology, New Delhi-110016)

 Dr. sanjay k. singh

(Assistant professor of economics in the department of
humanities and social sciences at IIT Kanpur, India)
 Cisco .ltd ( CASE STUDY )

 Wikipedia .com

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