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Headings: Biogas composition

Organic waste
Biogas is characterized based on its chemical composition and the physical
Nature characteristics which result from it. It is primarily a mixture of methane (CH4)
Income and inert carbonic gas (CO2). However the name “biogas” gathers a large
Potential methane variety of gases resulting from specific treatment processes, starting from
Anaerobic digestion various organic waste - industries, animal or domestic origin waste etc

Definition Chemical composition

Diagram
Advantages Different sources of production lead to different specific compositions. The presence of H2S, of CO2 and water make
Fields biogas very corrosive and require the use of adapted materials. The composition of a gas issued from a digester depends
Biogas on the substrate, of its organic matter load, and the feeding rate of the digester
Composition
Ressources
Purification
Wastewater
Biogas installations Household Agricultural
Components treatment plants Waste of agrifood industry
waste wastes
General diagram sludge
Technical elements CH4 % vol 50-60 60-75 60-75 68
Cogeneration
References CO2 % vol 38-34 33-19 33-19 26
Economy of biogas N2 % vol 5-0 1-0 1-0 -
installations
O2 % vol 1-0 < 0,5 < 0,5 -
Investments H2O % vol 6 (à 40 ° C) 6 (à 40 ° C) 6 (à 40 ° C) 6 (à 40 ° C)
Expenditure
Receipts Total % vol 100 100 100 100
Biogas incomes H2S mg/m3 100 - 900 1000 - 4000 3000 – 10 000 400

Electric valorisation of NH3 mg/m3 - - 50 - 100 -

biogas
Aromatic mg/m3 0 - 200 - - -
Biogas heating network
Future developments Organochlorinated or
100-800 - -
Sludge organofluorated mg/m3
Valorisation
How to suceed a biogas
plant project Physical characteristics

Implementation According to its composition, biogas presents characteristics interesting to compare with natural gas and propane. Biogas is
Success of a biogas plant
a gas appreciably lighter than air, it produces twice as less calories by combustion with equal volume of natural gas.
Delivery planning of a
biogas plant
Biogas 1 Biogas 2
Types of gas Natural gas
Household waste Agrifood industry

60% CH4 68% CH4 97,0% CH4

33 % CO2 26 % CO2 2,2% C2
Composition 1% N2 1% N2 0,3% C3
0% O2 0% O2 0,1% C4+
6% H2O 5 % H2O 0,4% N2

PCS kWh/m3 6,6 7,5 11,3

PCI kWh/m3 6,0 6,8 10,3

Density 0,93 0,85 0,57

Mass (kg/m3) 1,21 1,11 0,73

Indiex of Wobbe 6,9 8,1 14,9

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1 af 1 04-12-2009 16:05