Histology of Dentin

Professor Dr Maha Mounir

 Dentin & Pulp
Odontoblasts
are an integral
part of both
dentin & pulp
 Composition of dentin

Inorganic component
Organic component
Junctional Complex
Predentin
 Unit of dentin= dentinal tubule
• Extend through entire
thickness of dentin from
DEJ to pulp
 1ry & 2ry curvatures+lateral &
terminal branching
• In GS
 1ry & 2ry curvatures+lateral &
terminal branching
• S-shaped dentinal tubules
• Lateral + terminal branchings
TS in Dentinal tubules
 TS Dentinal tubules
• Sizes of DT are
different at
different locations
1.ADJ
2. Near pulp
3. At cavity floor
 Intertubular Dentin
• Dentin that is located between DT
• It is primary secretory product of
odontoblast
• Consists of tightly
Interwoven type I collagen
fibrils where apatite crystals
are deposited
 Peritubular Dentin
• Dentin that immediately surrounds the
DT
• It is highly mineralized & lacks collagen
fibers
• Not present in DT near
pulp
Peritubular D
=
intratubular D
(formed within the DT)
 Contents of Dentinal Tubules
• 1. The odontoblastic process ( that forms
the DT)
• 2. Nerve terminals
• 3. DT have a very thin inner organic lining
or membrane high in GAG called “Lamina
Limitans”. It is important for regulation &
inhibition of calcification of dntinal tubules
• 4. Within the DT there is the “peri-
odontoblastic space”filled with extracellular
dentinal fluid.
incremental deposition of
enamel & dentin
 Incremental lines in dentin

--Incremental lines of Von Ebner

--Neonatal line
 Granular layer of Tomes
• kkk
 Dentine mineralization
• Small mineral crystals in:1.Matrix vesicles
2.nucleated in spaced within collagen fibrils
 Mineralization of mantle &
Circumpulpal Dentin
• Occurs by one of 2 ways
• 1. Small mineral crystals appear in extra-
cellular matrix vesicles. Mineralization
spreads from these sites throughout the
first formed dentin
• 2. Small mineral crystals are nucleated in
spaces that exist within the collagen fibrils
• After the initial calcification, all crystals are
associated within or on surface of the
collagen fibrils. Crystals are oriented along
the long axis of collagen fibrils.
Mineralization
 Pattern of mineralization
• 1. Globular dentin: formed from
calcospherites
• 2. Interglobular dentin: hypomineralized
dentin between mantle & circumpulpal
dentin ( coronal dentin only)
• 3.Tomes’Granular layer: hypomineralized
layer in root dentin; similar to interglobular
D in crown.
• 4. Sclerotic dentin: Hypermineralized,
occluding intertubular dentin.
Various structures in dentin
Globular, interglobular, sclerotic &
Tomes’granular layer
 Changes in 1ry & 2ry Dentin
• ddd
 Formation of new dentin
• 1. Regular secondary dentin
• 2. Reparative tertiary dentin
 Age & functional changes
• Changes in 1ry dentin
1. Sclerotic or translucent dentin
2. Dead tracts
 Formation of new dentin
• 1. Regular or physiologic 2ry dentin
• 2. Reparative 3ry dentin
Physiologic secondary dentin
Physiologic secondary dentin
Physiologic secondary dentin
• mm
Physiologic secondary dentin
 Dead tract & reparative dentin
• kkk
Sclerotic dentin ( Changes in 1ry
dentin)
Dead tract & reparative dentin
 Interglobular dentin
• kkk
Knoop hardness number
 Theories of dentin sensitivity
1. Direct innervations theory
2. Transduction theory
3. Hydro-dynamic
theory
 Clinical considerations
• Permeability of dentin
• Response to external stimuli: 2ry & 3ry
D
• Adhesion of external materials to
dentin: smear layer, etching then bonding
• Endodontics: 2ry & 3ry D may complicate
endo treatment
• Sensitivity of exposed D: by
occluding opened tubules
Thank You