Introduction

Third generation (3G) networks were conceived from the Research

Universal MobileTelecommunications Service (UMTS)
concept for high speed networks for enabling a variety of Wholesale Mobile
data intensive applications. 3G systems consist of the Report
two main standards, CDMA2000 and W-CDMA, as well
as other 3G variants such as NTT DoCoMo's Freedom of Secrets of MVNO
Mobile Multimedia Access (FOMA) and Time Division Success
Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA)
used primarily in China.

About MobileIN.com Data Speed

The data speed of 3G

is determined based
on a combination of
factors including the
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chip rate, channel
structure, power
control, and
synchronization.

An example of
Mobile in Minute papers calculating the
theoretical 3G data
speed is as follows:

2.5G • W-CDMA
3G assigned code
AAA 400-500
Advanced Messaging
Billing Kpbs/code. 6
CPP codes X 400 >
EBPP 2Mbps (UMTS
GETS target for 3G
GPRS data speed in
Intelligent Agents
Inter-operator Messages fixed location)
IWF
Lawful Intercept Actual data speeds
LDAP will vary in
Location Services accordance with
Mobile Basics
Mobile Instant Messaging several factors
Mobile IN including:
Mobile IP
MVNO • Number of
 Personal Area Networks users in
Prepay Technology cell/sector
Presence
Personalization
• Distance of
Positioning user from cell
Sevice Bureaus • User is moving
Softswitch or stationary
Smart Cards • Network
SMS
SS7
operator
SS7 Planning & Engineering capacity and
Unified Messaging network
USSD optimization
VAS requirements
WAP
WAP & iMode
Wireless 911/112 1xEV-DO is a data-
Wireless Testing only solution,
WLAN Roaming supporting a
XML theoretical data speed
of up to 2.457 Mbps

1xEV-DV is a data
and voice solution,
supporting a
theoretical data speed
of up to 3.072 Mbps

FOMA has two

operational modes,
supporting a
dedicated 64 Kbps
connection or a 384
Kbps downlink/64
Kbps uplink best-
effort connection.

TD-SCDMA can
operate in 1.6 MHz or
5 MHz mode for 2
Mbps or 6 Mpbs
respectively

Comparison of W-
CDMA to
CDMA2000

Both use a coding

scheme that
separates each
subscriber from other
subscribers

Both use control

channels to manage
the network

W-CDMA and
CDMA2000 are not
compatible from the
perspective that they
have different chip
rates - 3.84 MCPS for
W-CDMA vs. 1.2888
MCPS for
CMDA2000. W-
CDMA uses a 5 MHz
channel. Initially,
CDMA2000 uses only
a 1.25 MHz channel,
but with CDMA2000
3x, three 1.25 MHz
channels can be
combined to form a
super channel
structure.

W-CDMA is
synchronous, relying
on mobile station time
measurements
between two base
stations, rather than
using GPS as
CDMA2000 does.

There are three

modes of operation
for W-
CDMA/CDMA2000:

• Direct
Sequence (DS)
 W-CDMA
(UMTS) for
Frequency
Divsion Duplex
(FDD)
• W-CDMA Time
Division Duplex
(TDD)
• CDMA2000
Multi-carrier
FDD

Each of the three

radio interface
methods may be
employed on either a
GSM or ANSI-based
Core Network (CN).

IS-833 is a standard,
developed by the
3GPP2, to support
CDMA2000 1xRTT
Radio Access
Network (RAN) to
interface with a GSM
CN. RAN upgrade
required includes
CDMA base station
and BSC. CN
upgrade required
includes CDMA
PDSN and AAA
server.

Impetus for

3G

The major impetus for

3G is to provide for
faster data speed for
data-intensive
applications such as
video. In addition, 3G
to providing faster
data speeds on a per-
user basis, 3G is also
helpful to provide
greater overall
capacity for voice and
data users. For
example, NTT
DoCoMo's plan to
migrate iMode users
from the 2G PDC
network to FOM is
driven by overall
capacity concerns, as
apposed to individual
user data speed
requirement.

3G Architecture

W-CDMA uses the

same CN as GPRS,
utilizing existing
infrastruture such as
the GGSN and
SGSN. W-CDMA,
however, does require
new RAN
infrastructure such as
the Node B, which
replaces the BTS, and
the Radio Network
Controller (RNC),
which replaces the
BSC. Ultimately, the
W-CDMA CN will
evolve to comprise a
full Mobile
IP infrastructure
including Media
Gateway (MGW) and
Media Gateway
Controller (MGC)
equipment for VoIP
and other new
 equipment such as
the HSS and CSDF.

CDMA2000 starts
with new channel
cards and then
migrates to a
full Mobile
IP infrastructure
requiring new Core
Network (CN)
infrastructure such as
the AAA server and
Packet Data Server
Node (PDSN).
Mobile telephones, the 1st generation of which were
introduced in the mid-1980's, have been constantly evolving
since their inception. Today, over 2B mobile phones are in
usage and around 80% of the world's population is within
reach of a mobile phone signal). Mobile phones have
traditionally been used for voice communications, but today
can serve as the platform for a variety of communication
outputs -- including data and video. 3G is the third-
generation of mobile phone technology standards. The
typical services associated with 3G include wireless voice
telephony and broadband wireless data, all in a mobile
environment. However, with the capability for high-speed
wireless data transfer, 3G has enhanced or made possible a
myriad of additional applications such as mobile video,
secure mobile ecommerce, location-based services, mobile
gaming and audio on demand. For example, using 2.5G (or
a slightly better version of second-generation wireless) a
three-minute song takes between six and nine minutes to
download. Using 3G, it can download in 11 to 90 seconds.
There are currently almost 100 million 3G wireless
subscribers worldwide. The US, with over 200 million mobile
subscribers, crossed the 10% mark for 3G penetration for
the first time in 2006, while Japan stayed in the lead with
over 50% of its subscribers using 3G phones. As 3G
adoption accelerates, 3G carriers, handset manufacturing,
infrastructure equipment makers, semiconductor OEM's, and
3G application providers stand to gain. Wireless Internet
Service Providers (WISP's), carriers without the wherewithal
or financial resources to upgrade their networks, and
companies that provide services which are standard under
3G (i.e., email access), will be in a position to lose.
While the 3G market may be definitely gaining traction, the
industry is rapidly approaching a crossroads, where the
needs of different market segments can vary substantially,
and the potential rewards (and losses) for the different
technology vendors and mobile communications operators
could be substantial.

Drivers of 3G Adoption

 Consumer demand for more robust wireless

data services: Declining voice revenues have
pushed carriers to consider alternative revenue
generating opportunities, and they are responding
by offering more data services made possible by
3G technology. Mobile video, music downloads, e-
mail, messaging, location-based services and
Internet surfing are just a sample of the many new
applications users will have access to. Each time a
mobile customer uses one of these applications,
mobile carriers typically get a cut of fees. For
example, in Japanuntapped market for data
services which will be further tapped with increased
3G adop--where there is 50% 3G penetration--
almost 30% of theaverage revenue per
user (ARPU) is generated from data services, with
the remaining 70% from voice. Compare that to the
US--with about 10% 3G penetration--which on
average has 12% data service ARPU. This shows
that there is still an tion.
 Upgrading infrastructure investment: The
faster 3G networks are deployed, the faster 3G
adoption rates will rise. Upgrading legacy networks
to accommodate 3G technology is very costly. In
the United States alone, Verizon Wireless,Sprint
Nextel (S) and Cingular have spent a combined $10
billion on building their 3G networks. The carriers
that can spend this kind of money will gain a
competitive advantage over those that can't.
 3G spectrum licensing fees: Spectrum is the
specific frequency used by carriers to transmit data
wirelessly. To own and run a proprietary network, a
wireless carrier has to rent the frequencies from the
government. Recently, mobile operators have had
to pay phenomenal rents in auctions for 3G
spectrum licenses. High license acquisition costs
are limiting the number of carriers that can
participate in 3G.
 Technology maturity: The maturity (or
immaturity) of underlying 3G technology is a critical
factor that ultimately determines when and how, not
to mention if, the technology is widely adopted. The
key to investors, therefore, is to understand and
appreciate the complexities of each 3G technology
 and the progress that the various companies are
making towards mainstream adoption. Be it W-
CDMA, UMTS, HSPA, or EV-DO -- different carriers
are deploying different technologies at various
stages of maturity. Understanding technology
nuances will help investors predict 3G winners.
 Growth of mobile in China and India: India's
mobile base is about 127 million, meaning that only
about 13% of the Indian population currently uses a
mobile phones. International markets, such as
China and India, can greatly drive adoption of 3G
services as these regions continue to see the
highest growth rates in mobile adoption.
Who Stands to Gain from 3G Adoption
Ericsson (ERIC), Alcatel-Lucent (ALU), Nokia (NOK),
andSiemens AG (SI) are network infrastructure
manufacturers that combined, dominate more than
70% of the worldwide mobile backbone equipment
market. As 3G networks are deployed and expanded,
so will the demand for their products.
AT&T (T), Sprint Nextel (S), T-mobile USA, Hutchison
Whampoa Ltd, and Verizon Communications (VZ) are
network operators who are evolving networks from
the second generation of technologies to the third
generation technologies, could see network usage
(and hence, revenues) skyrocket with accelerated 3G
adoption. About 210 cellular carriers worldwide have
either deployed 3G or will do so very shortly. This
market is filled with players, who vary widely across
the globe.
Samsung and Motorola (MOT) are mobile handset
manufacturers that will see demand increase as
consumers buy 3G-compliant handsets and
accessories. Most users will be required to upgrade
their current mobile phones if they want to take
advantage of the data services 3G can offer. 3G
phones, as a result of their enhanced capabilities, are
more expensive than their predecessors. Higher
phone costs give OEM's an additional revenue
opportunity.
Broadcom (BRCM) and QUALCOMM
(QCOM) are semiconductor OEMs which
manufacturer 3G-compliant chipsets. Demand for
their products will surge with increased 3G handset
penetration.
Yahoo! (YHOO) and Apple (AAPL) are 3G application
partners that play an integral role in the 3G service
value chain, as they partner with carriers to offer
content (i.e. movie trailers) and content delivery
platforms (iTunes music store) to end
users. Electronic Arts (ERTS), which sells mobile
games in a 38 million-person mobile gaming
market,could benefit with increased customer demand
because of the higher gaming speeds allowed by 3G.
The convergence of entertainment,
telecommunications, software, and data services is all
happening at the mobile device and the various
stakeholders in each of those ecosystems stand to
gain.
Who Stands to Lose from 3G Adoption
EarthLink (ELNK) is a wireless Internet service
provider (WISP) that operates hotspots. Such
companies could see demand for their services
decrease if 3G enabled EV-DO, a substitute
technology for Internet access, continues to see
accelerated adoption.
Research in Motion (RIMM) is a 2G-based service
provider that may not be able to successfully make
the transition to 3G and keep their business models in
tact. RIMM, the maker of the popular Blackberry email
service could become less valuable if all 3G devices
can speedily access email via the Internet (which was
previously not the case). Note: Blackberry has
incorporated 3g technology as fast or even faster than
rival handset makers. They are actually the leader in
providing 3G and pre 4G data services for the
business community.
Nortel Networks (NT) - Provides companies with
networking solutions. Nortel has invested heavily in
4G technology. The continued growth of 3G may
significantly delay the wide spread adoption of 4G.
Smaller Carriers, who may not be able to absorb the
high network upgrade costs associated with 3G will
be at a competitive disadvantage as larger operator's
networks become more advanced. If an increasing
number of customers begin to adopt 3G, than these
companies could see their businesses disrupted.

3G Auction Results coverage brought to you

by One97 Communications. Lets Get Talking
about 3G!
After 34 days and 183 rounds of bidding, India’s 3G
spectrum auction is over. The results are provisional,
and subject to government approval. The Indian
government has managed to raise Rs. 67,718.95
crores from the auction, with Rs. 50,968.37 crores
from private telecom operators, and Rs. 16,750.58
crores from the state owned telecom operators BSNL
and MTNL. The two circles of Delhi and Mumbai
together account for 39.19% of the total money
raised, while the top five circles – Delhi, Mumbai,
Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh account
for 65.56% of the bids. The auction results, in a single
chart:

http://www.gsmarena.com/glossary.php3?term=3g
3G
Analog cellular phones were the first generation while digital marked the second generation.
3G is loosely defined, but generally includes high data speeds, always-on data access, and greater voice capacity.
The high data speeds are possibly the most prominent feature, and certainly the most hyped. They enable such advanced features as live, streaming video.
There are several different 3G technology standards. The most prevalent is UMTS, which is based on WCDMA (the terms WCDMA and UMTS are often used interchangeably).
Related terms:

• UMTS

• WCDMA(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access)

• HSDPA (High-Speed Downlink Packet Access)

• HSUPA (High-Speed Uplink Packet Access)

0-9
2G | 3G | 3GP video | 802.11
A
A-GPS (Assisted GPS) | A2DP (Advanced Audio Distribution Profile) | AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) |Accelerometer | Airplane mode | Alarm Clock | Alphanumeric | AMOLED display (Active-
matrix organic light-emitting diode) | Analog | Android | Antenna | APN (Access Point Name) | Audio jack | Auto-focus |AVRCP (Audio/Video Remote Control Profile)
B
Band | Bandwidth | Bar | Base Station | Bit | Bluetooth | bps (Bits per Second) | Broadband | Browser |Byte
C
Calculator | Calendar | Call alerts | Calling Plan | Camera | Capacitive Touchscreen | Car Kit | Carrier |CDMA (Code-Division Multiple Access) | CDMA2000 | Cell | cHTML (Compact HyperText
Markup Language) | CIF (Common Intermediate Format) | Clamshell | CMOS (Complementary metal-oxidesemiconductor) | Concatenated SMS | CPU (Central Processing
Unit) | Crosstalk | CSTN (Color Super Twisted Nematic) | CTIA | Custom ringtones
D
D-Pad (Direction Pad) | Data-capable | Digital Zoom | Display type | DLNA (Digital Living Network Alliance) | DNSe (Digital Natural Sound engine) | Downlink | DRM (Digital Rights
Management) | Dual-band | Dual-Mode | DVB-H (Digital Video Broadcasting - Handheld) | Dynamic Memory
E
EDGE (Enhanced Data for Global Evolution) | EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) | EGPRS | EGSM (Extended GSM) | Email client | EMS (Enhanced Message Service) | EV-DO | EV-DV | Exchangeable
covers |External Antenna Jack | External Display
F
FCC (Federal Communications Commission) | Feature Phone | Femtocell | Firmware | Fixed-focus |Flash Memory | Flight mode | Flip-down phone | FM Radio | FM Transmitter | Form
factor | FOTA (Firmware Over-The-Air) | FPS (Frames Per Second) | Frame Error Rate | Frequency | FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
G
GB (Gigabyte) | Gbps (Gigabits per second) | Geo-tag | GPRS | GPS (Global Positioning System) |gpsONE | gpsOneXTRA Assistance technology
H
H.263 | Half-QWERTY keyboard layout | Handwriting recognition | Haptics | Hot Spot | Hot Swap |HSCSD (High-Speed Circuit Switched Data) | HSDPA (High-Speed Downlink Packet
Access) | HSP (Headset Profile) | HSUPA (High-Speed Uplink Packet Access) | HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) |Hz (Hertz)
I
iDEN (Integrated Digital Enhanced Network) | IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) | IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) | IP (Internet Protocol) | IrDA (Infrared Data Association)
J
Java
K
KB (Kilobyte) | Kbps (Kilobits per second) | Key Guard | Key Lock Switch
L
Land line | Latency | LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) | LED (Light-Emitting Diode) | Li-Ion (Lithium Ion) | Li-Polymer (Lithium Polymer) | Linux | Location-Based Services (LBS) | Lock code | Long
SMS | Long term evolution (LTE) | Loudspeaker
M
Macro | mAh | Mass Storage mode | MB (Megabyte) | Mbps (Megabit per second) | Megapixel | Memory card slot | Memory effect | Messaging | MHz (Megahertz) | Micro
USB | microSD | microSDHC |Microsoft Exchange (Server) | MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) | MIDP (Mobile Information Device Profile) | Mil-Spec (MIL-STD) | Mini-
USB | miniSD | MMC | MMCmobile | MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service) | Mobile games | Mobile IM (Instant Messaging) | Mobile WiMAX | Modem |Monochrome | MP3 (MPEG Layer
3) | MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group) | MPEG-4 video | Music playback time (battery life) | Music Player
N
NAND Memory | Network capacity | Network coverage | NFC (Near Field Communication) | NiCd (Nickel Cadmium) | NiMH (Nickel Metal Hydride) | NOR Memory | Numeric keypad
O
OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) | OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) | Optical Zoom | OS (Operating System) | OTA (Over-The-Air)
P
Packet Data | Pager | PC Sync | PCS (Personal Communications Service) | PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) | Phone Book Access (PBA) | Phonebook | PIM (Personal Information
Manager/Management)| PIN code (Personal Identification Number) | Pixel | Polyphonic ringtones | POP3 (Post Office Protocol) |Port | Predictive text input | PTT (Push-To-Talk) | PUK Code (PIN
UnlocK Code) | Push
Q
QCIF (Quarter Common Intermediate Format) | Quad-band | QVGA (Quarter Video Graphics Array) |QWERTY keyboard layout
R
RAM (Random-Access Memory) | RBDS (Radio Broadcast Data System) | RDS (Radio Data System) |Resistive touchscreen | Resolution | Ringer ID | Ringing profiles | Ringtone | Roaming | ROM
(Read-Only Memory) | RS-MMC (Reduced-Size Multi Media Card) | RSA (Rural Service Area) | RSS (Rich Site Summary) | Ruggedized (Rugged)
S
S60 user interface | SAP (SIM Access Profile) | SAR (Specific absorption rate) | SD (Secure Digital) |Side Keys | SIM | SIM lock | Single-Band | Skin | Smartphone | SMIL | SMS (Short Messaging
Service) |SNS (Social network service) | Soft keys | Soft Reset | Speed Dial | Stand-by time (battery life) | Standby time | Stereo Speakers | Streaming Video | Stylus | Sub-
QCIF | SVGA | Symbian | SyncML
T
Talk time (battery life) | TCP/IP | TD-SCDMA (Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access)| TEST | Tethering | Text messaging (texting) | TFD (Thin Film Diode) | TFT (Thin Film
Transistor) | Theme| To-Do list | Trackball | Transflash | Transflective | Tri-band
U
UI (User Interface) | UIQ | UMA | UMTS | Unlocked phone | Upload | UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) |USB (Universal Serial Bus) | USIM
V
VGA (Video Graphics Array) | Video call | Video Codec | Voice dialing | Voice mail | Voice memo | VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) | VPN (Virtual Private Network)
W
WAP (Wireless Application protocol) | WCDMA(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) | Wi-Fi |Windows Mobile | Wireless email | WLAN | WMV (Windows Media Video)
X
Xenon flash

http://business.rediff.com/slide-show/2010/apr/09/slide-show-1-tech-10-top-3g-phones-
in-india.htm

http://www.blurtit.com/q315795.html