Presión de Burbuja

a) P y {yi} para T = 363.15 K y x1= 0.35.

V2 60.9598 cm3/mol 175.614

V1 175.6140 cm3/mol
T 340 K
x1 0 x2 1
P1 sat 53.00926 kPa
P  x1 * g 1 P1*  x 2 * g 2 P
P2 sat 27.16336 kPa
R 1.987 cal/molK
a12 384.9 cal/mol
a21 2449.12 cal/mol
A12 0.19636
A21 0.076755 x1g 1 P1*
g1 y1 
12.82058 P
g2 1
P 27.16336 kPa
y1 0 y2 1

Las cantidades en verde tienen fórmula

Las cantidades en rosa son datos
 Sacar P1 sat
Sacar P2 sat
Sacar Antonie
Ecuación A12

Sacar A21
V2  a 12
Sacar g1 A12  exp
V1 RT
Sacar g2
V1  a 21
Sacar P A 21  exp
Sacar y1
V2 RT
y2=1-y1
x2 * g 2 P


1

ln g   ln x  x A
1 2 12

x 
A
12
2 x  x A

x
 1 2 12 2

2

ln g   ln x  x A
2 1 21
x   A
12
1 x  x A

x
 1 2 12 2
  
A
12
x 
A
12
2 x  x A

A
21
x x A 

 1 2 12 2 1 21 
 
A
21
x 

A
12
1 x  x A

A
21
x x A 

 1 2 12 2 1 21 
1) El sistema binario acetonitrilo(1)/nitrometano(2) se conforma bien a la
ley de Raoult. Las presiones de vapor para las especies puras se dan
mediante las siguientes ecuaciones de Antoine: La P en kPa y T en ºc

a) Prepare una gráfica que muestre P contra x1 y P contra y1 para una

temperatura de 95°C.
b) Prepare una gráfica que muestre T contra x 1 y t contra y1 para una
presión de 80 kPa.

CONSTANTES
PROPIEDADES CRITICAS PROPIEDADES DE SATURACIÓN
ACETONITRILO
Masa Molar 41,053 A 7.0735
w 0.338 B 1279.2
Tc (k) 545.5 C 224.01
Pc (Bar) 48.30 T(min) -13
Zc 0.184 T(max) 117
Vc (cm^3/m 173. T(ºC) 95
Tn (k) 354.8 Pvap (kPa) 154.31
P (Kpas) 80.00
T(Sat) 73.81

NITROMETANO
Masa Molar 61,040 A 7.044
w 0.348 B 1291
Tc (k) 588.2 C 209.01
Pc (Bar) 63.10 T(min) 5
Zc 0.223 T(max) 136
Vc (cm^3/m 173. T(ºC) 95
Tn (k) 374.4 Pvap (Kpas) 83.59
P (Kpas) 80.00
T(Sat) 93.64

x1 P(bar) y1 Tsat (ºC) P1 P2 x1 y1

0 83.59 0.00 73.81 80.00 40.18 1.0000 1.0000
0.1 90.66 0.17 75.79 85.41 43.23 0.8718 0.9307
0.2 97.73 0.32 77.78 91.11 46.46 0.7512 0.8555
0.3 104.80 0.44 79.76 97.10 49.89 0.6378 0.7741
0.4 111.88 0.55 81.74 103.40 53.52 0.5308 0.6861
0.5 118.95 0.65 83.73 110.03 57.36 0.4299 0.5913
0.6 126.02 0.73 85.71 116.98 61.41 0.3345 0.4891
0.7 133.09 0.81 87.69 124.28 65.70 0.2442 0.3793
0.8 140.16 0.88 89.68 131.93 70.22 0.1585 0.2614
0.9 147.24 0.94 91.66 139.94 74.98 0.0773 0.1351
1 154.31 1.00 93.64 148.34 80.00 0.0000 0.0000
 160.00

155.00

150.00

145.00

140.00

135.00

130.00

125.00
P (Kpas)

120.00
Burbuja
115.00 Rocio

110.00

105.00

100.00

95.00

90.00

85.00

80.00
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1

XY
 94.00

93.00

92.00

91.00

90.00

89.00

88.00

87.00

86.00

85.00

84.00
Temp (ºC)

83.00 Burbuja
82.00 puntos de rocío.

81.00

80.00

79.00

78.00

77.00

76.00

75.00

74.00

73.00
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00

XY
2) Para el sistema 2-propanol(1)/agua(2), los valores siguientes de
parámetros son recomendados para la ecuación de Wilson:

a12= 437.98 a21= 1238 "Cal"× 〖𝑚𝑜𝑙〗

^(−1)""
V1= 76.92 V2= 18.07 〖�𝑚〗 ^3× 〖𝑚𝑜
𝑙〗 ^(−1)
ademas se tiene las siguientes ecuaciones de Antoine;
���_1^���=16,6780−3640,20/(�−53,54)
���_2^���=16,2887−3816,44/(�−46,13)

en donde T está en kelvins y la presión de vapor está en kPa. Suponiendo

la validez de la ecuación yiP = xiyi Psat se calcula:
a) P y {yi} para T = 363.15 K y x 1= 0.35.
b) P y {xi}, para T = 363.15 K y y 1 = 0.70.
c) T y {yi}, para P = 101.33 kPa y x 1 = 0.65.
d) T y {xi}, para P = 101.33 kPa y y 1 = 0.55.
e) Paz, la presión azeotrópica, y xa; = yaz, la composición azeotrópica, para T
= 363.15 K.
 Presión de Burbuja
a) P y {yi} para T = 363.15 K y x1= 0.35.

V2 18.07 cm3/mol
V1 76.92 cm3/mol
T 363.15 K
x1 0.35 x2 0.65
P1 sat 137.09 kPa
P  x1 * g 1 P1*  x 2 * g 2 P
P2 sat 70.12 kPa
R 1.987 cal/molK
a12 437.98 cal/mol
a21 1238 cal/mol
A12 0.12803
A21 0.76554 x1g 1 P1*
g1 y1 
1.62664 P
g2 1.31532
P 138 kPa
y1 0.566 y2 0.434

Las cantidades en verde tienen fórmula

Las cantidades en rosa son datos
 V2  a 12
Sacar P1 sat A12  exp
Sacar P2 sat V1 RT
Ecuación Antonie
V1  a 21
A 21  exp
Sacar A12 V2 RT
Sacar A21
x2 * g 2 P
Sacar g1

Sacar g2

1

ln g   ln x  x A
1 2 12

x 
A
12
2 x  x A

x
Sacar P  1 2 12 2

Sacar y1
2

ln g   ln x  x A
2 1 21
x 

A
12
1 x  x A

x
y2=1-y1  1 2 12 2
  
A
12
 x 
A
12
2 x  x A

A
21
x x A 

 1 2 12 2 1 21 
 
A
21
x 
A
12
1 x  x A

A
21
x x A 

 1 2 12 2 1 21 
 Presión de Rocío

b) P y {xi}, para T = 363.15 K y y1 = 0.70.

R 1.987 cal/molK
V1 76.92 cm3/mol
V2 18.07 cm3/mol
T 363.15 K
y1 0.7 y2 0.3
P1 sat 137.089 kPa
P2 sat 70.1206 kPa
a12 438 cal/mol
a21 1238 cal/mol
A12 0.128
A21 0.7655
P 106.56 kPa
x1 0.544 X2 0.456
g1 1.2259
g2 1.6458
P x1 x2 A12 A21 gama1
147.82 0.616 0.384 0.1280 0.7655 1.1483
146.57 0.6518 0.3482 0.1280 0.7655 1.1177
146.29 0.6683 0.3317 0.1280 0.7655 1.1052
146.23 0.6756 0.3244 0.1280 0.7655 1.1000
146.22 0.6787 0.3213 0.1280 0.7655 1.0978
146.22 0.6801 0.3199 0.1280 0.7655 1.0969
146.22 0.6806 0.3194 0.1280 0.7655 1.0965
146.22 0.6809 0.3191 0.1280 0.7655 1.0964
146.22 0.6810 0.3190 0.1280 0.7655 1.0963
146.22 0.6810 0.3190 0.1280 0.7655 1.0963
146.22 0.6810 0.3190 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
146.22 0.6811 0.3189 0.1280 0.7655 1.0962
 Sacar P1sat y P2sat

1
P 
y1  y2
P1 sat P 2sat

y1P
x1 
P1 sat
x 2  1  x1

V2  a 12
A 12  exp
V1 RT
V1  a 21
A 21  exp
V2 RT

 A12 A21 
ln g 1   ln  x1  x2 A12   x2   
 x1  x2 A12 x2  x1 A21 
 A12 A21 
ln g 2   ln  x2  x1 A21   x1   
gama2  x1  x2 A12 x2  x1 A21 
1.8008
1.8870
1
1.9285 P
1.9472 y1  y2
1.9553 g 1 P1 sat
g 2 P2sat
1.9588
1.9603
1.9609
y1 P
1.9612 El cambio de P es muy
x1 
1.9613
1.9613
pequeño
g 1 P1 sat
1.9613
1.9614
1.9614
1.9614
1.9614
1.9614
1.9614
1.9614
1.9614
1.9614
1.9614
1.9614
1.9614
1.9614
 A21 

 x1 A21 
A21 

 x1 A21 
 Temperatura de Burbuja

c) T y {yi}, para P = 101.33 kPa y x1 = 0.65.

V2 18.07 cm3/mol
V1 76.92 cm3/mol
P 101.33 kPa
x1 0.65 x2 0.35
R 1.987
B 3640.2 3816.44
A 16.678 16.2887 Datos de Antoine
C 53.54 46.13
T1 355.390 °K
T2 373.151 °K
T 361.607 °K
P1 sat 129.247 KpA P2 sat 66.11
a12 437.98 cal/mol
a21 1238 cal/mol
A12 0.1277
A21 0.7600
l ln gama1 0.1135 gama1 1.1201
ln gama 2 0.6354 gama2 1.8879
P1 sat 95.0498 kPa

ITERACIONES P1 sat T A12 A21

95.0498 353.797 0.1260 0.7316
94.2932 353.600 0.1259 0.7309
94.2738 353.594 0.1259 0.7309
94.2733 353.594 0.1259 0.7309
 94.2733 353.594 0.1259 0.7309
94.2733 353.594 0.1259 0.7309
94.2733 353.594 0.1259 0.7309
94.2733 353.594 0.1259 0.7309
94.2733 353.594 0.1259 0.7309
94.273 353.594 0.126 0.731

Como el cambio de T es pequeño ya se puede sacar y

 3640.20
ln P1sat  16.6780 
T  53.54

Kpa

ln g 1   ln  x1  x 2 A12 

ln g 2   ln  x 2  x1 A21 

gama 1 gama 2 y1 y1
1.1258 1.9151 0.686 0.314
1.1260 1.9158 0.681 0.319
1.1260 1.9158 0.681 0.319
1.1260 1.9158 0.681 0.319
 1.1260 1.9158 0.681 0.319
1.1260 1.9158 0.681 0.319
1.1260 1.9158 0.681 0.319
1.1260 1.9158 0.681 0.319
1.1260 1.9158 0.681 0.319
1.126 1.916 0.681 0.319

puede sacar y
 Bi
Ti sat
  Ci
Ai  ln P
T   xiTi sat
3640.20 3816.44
780  ln P2sat  16.28870 
T  53.54 T  46.13

V2  a12
A12  exp
V1 RT
V1  a 21
A21  exp
V2 RT

 A12 A21 
n g 1   ln  x1  x 2 A12   x 2   
 x1  x 2 A12 x 2  x1 A21 
 A12 A21 
n g 2   ln  x 2  x1 A21   x1    
 x1  x 2 A12 x 2  x1 A21 

P
P1sat 
 P2sat 
x1g 1  x2g 2  sat 
 P1 
 P
P1sat 
 P2sat 
x1g 1  x2g 2  sat 
 P1 

Bi
T  Ci
Ai  ln P1sat

DT son pequeñas
x1g 1 P1*
y1 
P
 T de Rocío

d) T y {xi}, para P = 101.33 kPa y y1 = 0.55.

R 1.987 cal/molK a12 437.98

V2 18.07 cm3/mol a21 1238
V1 76.92 cm3/mol
P 101.33 kPa
y1 0.55 y2 0.45
B 3640.2 3816.44
A 16.678 16.2887 Datos de Antoine
C 53.54 46.13
Ti 355.39 373.15 °K
T 363.38 °K
P1 sat 138.29 kPa P2 sat 70.74 kPa

kPa °K kPa Se itera hasta que DT sea pequeña.

P1 sat T P2 sat A12 A21 x1
144.87 364.61 74.10 0.1283 0.7708 0.385
101.98 355.55 52.17 0.1264 0.7380 0.360
101.20 355.36 51.77 0.1263 0.7373 0.340
101.28 355.38 51.82 0.1263 0.7374 0.327
101.34 355.39 51.84 0.1263 0.7374 0.317
101.36 355.40 51.86 0.1263 0.7374 0.310
101.38 355.40 51.87 0.1263 0.7374 0.305
101.39 355.40 51.87 0.1263 0.7374 0.301
101.39 355.41 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.299
101.39 355.41 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.297
101.39 355.41 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.296
101.40 355.41 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.295
101.40 355.41 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.294
101.40 355.41 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.293
101.40 355.41 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.293
101.40 355.41 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.293
101.40 355.41 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.292
101.40 355.41 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.292
101.40 355.41 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.292
101.40 355.41 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.292
101.40 355.41 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.292
101.40 355.407 51.87 0.1263 0.7375 0.2918
 Bi
Ti sat   Ci
Ai  ln P
cal/mol
T   xi Ti sat
cal/mol
3640.20 3816.44
ln P1sat  16.6780 ln P2sat  16.28870
T  53.54 T  46.13
yii  Pj 
sat

Pi sat  P
i g i  Pi sat 

x1 
y1P Bi
P1 sat T  Ci
x 2  1  x1
Ai  ln P1sat

3816.44
ln P2sat  16.28870 
T  46.13

T sea pequeña. V2 a
A12  exp 12
x2 g1 g2 V1 RT
0.615 1.5201 1.3648
V1  a 21
0.640 1.6191 1.3347 A21  exp
0.660 1.6851 1.3067 V2 RT
0.673 1.7353 1.2876
0.683 1.7733 1.2744
0.690 1.8019 1.2652 y1 P
0.695 1.8233 1.2585 x1 
0.699 1.8392
1.8510
1.2538
1.2503
g 1 P1 sat
0.701
0.703 1.8597 1.2478
0.704 1.8662 1.2460  A12 A21 
0.705 1.8710 1.2447 ln g 1   ln  x1  x2 A12   x2   
0.706 1.8745 1.2437 x  x
 1 2 12A x 2  x A
1 21 
0.707 1.8771 1.2430
 A12 A21 
0.707 1.8790 1.2425 ln g 2   ln  x2  x1 A21   x1   
0.707 1.8804 1.2421 x  x
 1 2 12A x 2  x A
1 21 
 ln g 1   ln  x1  x2 A12   x2   
x  x
 1 2 12 A x 2  x A
1 21 

 A12 A21 
ln g 2   ln  x2  x1 A21   x1   
 x1  x2 A12 x2  x1 A21 
0.708 1.8815 1.2418
0.708 1.8823 1.2416
0.708 1.8828 1.2414
0.708 1.8832 1.2413
0.708 1.8835 1.2412
0.7082 1.8838 1.2412
 3816.44
n P2sat  16.28870
T  46.13

3816.44
T  46.13

A12 A21 
 
 x2 A12 x2  x1 A21 
A12 A21 
 
 x2 A12 x2  x1 A21 
  
 x2 A12 x2  x1 A21 
A12 A21 
 
 x2 A12 x2  x1 A21 
e) Paz, la presión azeotrópica, y xa; = yaz, la composición azeotrópica, para T = 363.15 K.
v1= 76.92 cm3/mol A12 0.1280
v2= 18.07 cm3/mol A21 0.7655
T= 363.15 K P1 sat 137.09
R= 1.987 cal/mol P2 sat 70.12
a12= 437.98 cal/mol γ1∞ 9.877 α12 19.310
a21= 1238 cal/mol γ2∞ 3.124 α12 0.626

x1 x2 gamma1 gamma2 P1 (atm) P2(atm) y1 y2

0 1 1.6304E+190 1
0.1 0.9 2.28E+210 143258321.12
0.2 0.8 4.804E+210 6.997216E+29
0.3 0.7 2.2524E+195 7.890144E+60
0.4 0.6 3.4704E+168 1.39081E+97
0.5 0.5 2.595E+134 2.59503E+134
0.6 0.4 1.39081E+97 3.47038E+168
0.7 0.3 7.89014E+60 2.25238E+195
0.8 0.2 6.99722E+29 4.80401E+210
0.9 0.1 143258321.1 2.27999E+210
1 0 1 1.63041E+190
3) Para el sistema acetona(1)/ agua(2), basándose en la ecuación de Wilson, haga los
cálculos siguientes:

a) T BURBUJA: P = 101.33 kPa, x1 = 0.3, x2= 0.4.

b) T ROCÍO: P = 101.33 kPa, y1 = 0.3, y2 = 0.4.

donde: Acetona( 1) V1=74.05 a12=291,27

Agua (2) V2=18.07 a21=1448,01

P 101.33
x1 0.3 x2 0.4
y1 0.3 y2 0.4
V1 74.05 V2 18.07
a12 291.27 a21 1448.01
R 1.987
Coeficientes de Antoine
A B C
Acetona 4.2184 1197.01 228.06
Agua 16.3872 3885.7 230.17

Tsat1 -3220.72
Tsat2 99.99911
T -926.215
P1 191.6025 P2 191.6025
A12 0.285869 A21 9.000525
ln gama1 -0.00428 gama1 0.99573
ln gama 2 -0.4675 gama2 0.626594
P1 sat 184.4521 kPa

ITERACIO P1 sat T A12 A21 gama 1 gama 2 y1 y1

184.452 -970.161 0.284 8.685 1.002 0.644 0.547 0.453
181.513 -989.744 0.283 8.557 1.004 0.652 0.540 0.460
180.297 -998.130 0.283 8.504 1.005 0.655 0.537 0.463
179.792 -1001.659 0.282 8.483 1.006 0.656 0.535 0.465
179.583 -1003.133 0.282 8.474 1.006 0.657 0.535 0.465
179.460 -1004.002 0.282 8.468 1.006 0.657 0.535 0.465
179.445 -1004.108 0.282 8.468 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.438 -1004.152 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.436 -1004.170 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.435 -1004.178 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.434 -1004.181 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.434 -1004.182 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.434 -1004.183 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.434 -1004.183 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.434 -1004.183 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.434 -1004.183 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.434 -1004.183 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.434 -1004.183 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.434 -1004.183 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.434 -1004.183 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.434 -1004.183 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
179.434 -1004.183 0.282 8.467 1.006 0.657 0.534 0.466
kPa °K kPa Se itera hasta que DT sea pequeña.
P1 sat T P2 sat A12 A21 x1 x2 g1
70.931 50.725 58010.738 0.014 0.000 0.429 0.571 2.333
19209.365 -47797.451 69.639 0.245 4.161 0.002 0.998 0.176
11465.190 -28436.169 70.821 0.245 4.204 0.003 0.997 0.170
6740.639 -16624.274 72.925 0.246 4.282 0.005 0.995 0.160
3936.448 -9613.490 76.710 0.248 4.421 0.008 0.992 0.145
1360.535 -3173.427 96.574 0.256 5.156 0.022 0.978 0.091
906.330 -2037.865 115.200 0.262 5.860 0.034 0.966 0.065
792.752 -1753.907 124.257 0.265 6.209 0.038 0.962 0.056
805.686 -1786.242 123.058 0.265 6.162 0.038 0.962 0.057
802.594 -1778.512 123.340 0.265 6.173 0.038 0.962 0.057
803.289 -1780.249 123.276 0.265 6.171 0.038 0.962 0.057
803.130 -1779.853 123.291 0.265 6.171 0.038 0.962 0.057
803.166 -1779.943 123.288 0.265 6.171 0.038 0.962 0.057
803.158 -1779.922 123.288 0.265 6.171 0.038 0.962 0.057
803.160 -1779.927 123.288 0.265 6.171 0.038 0.962 0.057
803.159 -1779.926 123.288 0.265 6.171 0.038 0.962 0.057
803.159 -1779.926 123.288 0.265 6.171 0.038 0.962 0.057
803.159 -1779.926 123.288 0.265 6.171 0.038 0.962 0.057
803.159 -1779.926 123.288 0.265 6.171 0.038 0.962 0.057
803.159 -1779.926 123.288 0.265 6.171 0.038 0.962 0.057
803.159 -1779.926 123.288 0.265 6.171 0.038 0.962 0.057
g2
1.727
0.990
1.000
1.000
1.000
0.996
0.987
0.982
0.983
0.982
0.982
0.982
0.982
0.982
0.982
0.982
0.982
0.982
0.982
0.982
0.982
4) Para el sistema acetona(1)/metanol(2)/agua(3), solución ideal asumiendo que cumplen con la ley de Raoult, haga los cálculo

a) T BURBUJA: P = 100.33 kPa, x1 = 0.25, x2 = 0.4 y P burbuja: T: 90ºC, x1 = 0.25, x2 = 0.4

b) T ROCÍO: P = 101.33 kPa, y1 = 0.3, y2 = 0.4 y P rocio: T=85 ºC , y1 = 0.3, y2 = 0.4.

P 100.33 x1 0.25 x2
T 90
componente A B C Tsati
Acetona 4.2184 1197.01 228.06 -3296.806896472
Metanol 5.20277 1580.08 239.5 2419.2010762735
Agua 16.3872 3885.7 230.17 99.7211061753
n con la ley de Raoult, haga los cálculos siguientes:

0.4

Psati
1.5168817649
1.4991459819
3.8324243217