Examples

ES 13
Example 1
A bar of length 2.0 m is made of a
material having the stress-strain
diagram shown in the figure. The bar is
loaded axially until it elongates 6.5 mm,
and then the load is removed. The
Poisson’s ratio is 0.3.
a) What is the yield stress?
b) What is the modulus of elasticity?
c) What is the energy stored in the
material due to deformation?
d) What is the strain?
e) Can you use the Poisson’s ratio to
determine the lateral strain?
Why?
f) Determine the modulus of
rigidity.
g) How does the final length of the
bar compare with its original
length?
Example 2
Three steel plates, each 16 mm thick, are
joined by two 20-mm diameter rivets as
shown in the figure.
a) If the load P = 50 kN, what is the largest
bearing
stress acting on the rivets?
b) If the ultimate shear stress for the rivets
is 180 MPa, what force Pult is required to
cause the rivets to fail in shear?
(Disregard friction between the plates.)
Example 3
A ship’s spar is attached at the base of a mast by a
pin connection. The spar is a steel tube of outer
diameter d2 = 80 mm and inner diameter d1 = 70
mm. The steel pin has diameter d = 25 mm, and the
two plates connecting the spar to the pin have
thickness t = 12 mm.

The allowable stresses are as follows: compressive

stress in the spar = 70 MPa; shear stress in the pin =
45 MPa; and bearing stress between the pin and the
connecting plates = 110 MPa.

Determine the allowable compressive force Pallow in

the spar.
Example 4
After the load is applied to the pin-
connected structure, the temperature
increases 100C. The thermal
coefficients of expansion are 22(10-
6)/C for the aluminum alloy rod A and
12(10-6)/C for the steel rod B.
Member A has E = 75 GPa and A =
1000 mm2. Member B has E = 200 GPa
and A = 500 mm2. CD is rigid.
Determine
a) The normal stress in bars A and B.
b) The deflection of pin D.