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Requirements
• For civilian aircraft, there are airworthiness requirements.
– FAR: Federal Aviation Requirements (FAA-US)
– CS: Certification Specifications (EASA-EU)
– FAR-23 or CS-23: Airworthiness Standards for Normal, Utility,
Acrobatic & Commuter Category Airplanes,
– CS-VLA: Certification Specifications for Very Light Aeroplanes,
– CS-LSA: Certification Specifications for Light Sport Aeroplanes,
– FAR-25 or CS-25: Airworthiness Standards for Transport Category
Airplanes.
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Requirements
• For military aircraft, there are Mil-Specs and Mil-Standards.
– MIL-C-8785: aerodynamics, stability and control.
– MIL-F-87858: flying qualities.
– MIL-A-8860: loads for structural analysis.
• MIL-STD-3013: definitions, ground rules, and mission profiles
to define air vehicle performance capability.
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Requirements document
• A sample requirements document for a very light airplane:
requirements.pdf
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Competitor study
• A competitor study allows the designer have a first «vision» of
the required design.
• If the competitors are carefully chosen, their geometric and
aerodynamic characteristics will be very similar to the
required design.
• This is especially true for well-established types: general
aviation airplanes, transport airplanes.
• Less so for airplanes like fighters, even less so for UAVs mostly
due to lack of sufficient statistical data and custom-designed
platforms.
• One risk: may prevent creativity.