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• X chromosome

• Xq27.3
• FMR1 gene

Pathogenesis

CGG sequence

If the repeat
number is...

<45 CGG 55-230 CGG


repeats repeats >230 CGG
triplicate
repeats in FMR
normal FMR1 premutation of
gene
gene FMR1 gene

no symptoms of present in
1. Primary methylation of
Fragile X female carrier
Ovarian deoxycitidines
Syndrome
Insufficiency in promoter
(POI) when passed on region
through X-
linked hypermetylation
2. Fragile X- inheritance of CpG Island
associated
tremor ataxia
syndrome can increase prevent
(FXTAS) due to the repeats of transcription
excess mRNA mutation and translation
(accumulate in of FMR1 gene
subsequent
generations) absence of FMR
protein
more
phenotypically
Pathophysiology
severe

causing earlier development


>230 repeats delays, mental
symptom onset
known as retardation,
Genetic irritated,
Pathophysiology Anticipation hyperactive

FRAGILE X
development delays, SYNDROME
mental retardation,
irritated, hyperactive

FRAGILE X
SYNDROME

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