Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
GRADE 8
Term 1
D Watkis
2
Contents
HEALTH AND SAFETY............................................................................................................................... 3
Computer Ports ....................................................................................................................................... 4
Characteristics of Ports................................................................................................................. 4
Serial Port....................................................................................................................................... 5
Parallel Port .................................................................................................................................... 5
PS/2 Port........................................................................................................................................ 5
Universal Serial Bus (or USB) Port ............................................................................................. 5
VGA Port......................................................................................................................................... 5
Power Connector........................................................................................................................... 6
Firewire Port................................................................................................................................... 6
Modem Port ................................................................................................................................... 6
Ethernet Port ................................................................................................................................. 6
Game Port...................................................................................................................................... 6
Digital Video Interface, DVI port................................................................................................. 7
Sockets........................................................................................................................................... 7
4 Main Parts of a Computer System ......................................................................................... 7
Motherboard ................................................................................................................................... 7
Central Processing Unit (CPU) ................................................................................................. 7
Hard Drive ....................................................................................................................................... 8
RAM/ROM Memory ....................................................................................................................... 8
Objectives:
Computer Ports
A port is a physical docking point using which an external device can be connected to the
computer. It can also be programmatic docking point through which information flows from a
program to the computer or over the Internet.
Characteristics of Ports
A port has the following characteristics −
• Ports are slots on the motherboard into which a cable of external device is plugged in.
• Examples of external devices attached via ports are the mouse, keyboard, monitor,
microphone, speakers, etc.
Serial Port
• Used for external modems and older computer mouse
Parallel Port
• Used for scanners and printers
• 25 pin model
PS/2 Port
• Used for old computer keyboard and mouse
• Most of the old computers provide two PS/2 port, each for the mouse and keyboard
VGA Port
• Connects monitor to a computer's video card.
• It has 15 holes.
• Similar to the serial port connector. However, serial port connector has pins, VGA port
has holes.
Power Connector
• Three-pronged plug.
• Connects to the computer's power cable that plugs into a power bar or wall socket.
Firewire Port
• Transfers large amount of data at very fast speed.
• Invented by Apple.
• It has three variants: 4-Pin FireWire 400 connector, 6-Pin FireWire 400 connector, and
9-Pin FireWire 800 connector.
Modem Port
• Connects a PC's modem to the telephone network.
Ethernet Port
• Connects to a network and high speed Internet.
• Data travels at 10 megabits to 1000 megabits per seconds depending upon the network
bandwidth.
Game Port
• Connect a joystick to a PC
Sockets
• Sockets connect the microphone and speakers to the sound card of the computer.
There are four main parts which a computer system needs to function effectively
and that are critical to system performance. If a part is malfunctioning, it can
cause the system to stop operating, it can cause program errors or it can slow
down the performance of other devices.
Motherboard
The motherboard is a printed circuit board which uses "bus" architecture to map
out critical system components and provides connectors for devices such as, the
power supply, memory, hard drive, input/output slots and the central processing
unit (CPU). If you examine a motherboard, it looks like a street map. The lines
on the motherboard are physical addresses to a device which carries instructions
to the central processing unit which is the brain or scheduler of the computer
system.
measured in milliseconds. The CPU also has a co-math processor built into the
chip to handle mathematical functions. For example, when a spreadsheet
program, such as Microsoft Excel calculates formulas, the program is accessing
the co-math processor function of the CPU.
Hard Drive
A hard drive stores programs, data and information. The most important
attribute of the hard drive is the boot sector record which reads information from
the disk to "boot up" the operating system for a person to use software
applications. Modern hard drives have RAM memory chips sets built in to help
send a program application to the CPU.
RAM/ROM Memory
• Random Access Memory (RAM) is an integrated computer chip used to access any
memory location or address on the motherboard directly.
• The RAM chips is active when the computer is turned on and while the computer is
on, it helps allocate memory to system operations, especially the CPU while releasing
other devices and processes which are not actively using RAM resources.
• Read Only Memory (ROM) can only be read from the system and primarily holds the
instructions for the performance of low-level system devices.
Activity
1. Define the following terms in your own words. (2 Marks each)
a. Port (Computer port)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
b. Computer Cable
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
c. Peripheral device
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
d. Motherboard
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
b. VGA ________________________________________________________________
c. DVI _________________________________________________________________
d. HDMI _______________________________________________________________
e. RAM _______________________________________________________________
f. ROM _______________________________________________________________
17. Identify the following Ports using the terms given. (1 Mark each)
Power connectors, Ethernet/Rj45, Modem/Rj11, USB, VGA, HDMI, PS/2, Parallel, Serial
Port, SATA, DVI, Firewire, Coaxial, RCA, headphones
18. Name at least one device which can be connected to the ports indicated below.
(1 Mark each)
a. PS/2 ________________________
b. DVI ________________________
c. USB ________________________
d. VGA ________________________
e. Serial ________________________
f. Parallel ________________________
g. Firewire ________________________
h. Game Port ________________________
i. Ethernet Port ________________________
j. Socket ________________________
k. HDMI Port ________________________
19. State whether the ports below are male or Female by using the letters M or F.
(1 Mark each)
a.
g.
b.
h.
c.
i.
j.
d.
k.
e.
l.
f.
m.
Activity
20. State which type of USB connector is type A, type B or type C. (1 Mark each)
i. iii.
________ _________
ii. _________
USB Type A
USB Type B
USB Type C
22. Which of the USB types is used by the following devices? (1 Mark each)
d.
________________
a.
_____________
e.
b. _______________________
__________
c. f.
__________ ____________________
Port symbols
Activity
23. Match the symbols with the name of the devices associated with them. (5 Marks)
Device type Device symbols
Line in
Headphone
Microphone
Fire wire
USB
Examine the image below then answer the questions that follow.
Fig 1 Fig 2
24. How many ports are in fig 1 ________ , Fig 2 __________ (2 Marks)
25. Connect the male and female ports to the correct cables by using the letters.
.___________________________________________________________________________
26. Draw and label one of each of the following types of ports. (2 Marks each)
a. A port that transmits Video
27. Which devices are at the end of each of the cables below.
a.