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Renal Physiology
Khts!8
Dr. Francis Paul Jagolino
QUESTION 1 QUESTION 4
In Chronic Renal Failure (CRF), the decline in GFR for This is a usual symptom seen in renal disease
uremia to manifest is below:
• All other choices were eliminated
According to Harrison
If you have a patient with uremia ibig sabihin Metabolic acidosis is a common complication
10% sirang-sira na talaga kidneys niya Acidosis seen in renal disease. Acid-base balance is
Dialysis na talaga ‘yan maintained by increase in excreted
ammonium per nephron (during times of
20% acidosis).
30%
Hypokalemia • Usually hyperkalemia
40%
Hypotension • Usually hypertension
Acute GN is defined as sudden onset of Hematuria also presents with renal casts. Ano ang renal casts?
hematuria, proteinuria, and RBC casts in Nephrolithiasis – stones.
Acute urine often accompanied by
Glomerulonephritis
hypertension, edema, azotemia (GFR),
and salt and water retention. QUESTION 6
Reduced renal perfusion may lead to:
Rapidly Edema is rare
Progressive Pre-Renal • Look notes below
Glomerulonephritis Failure
Intrinsic
Renal
QUESTION 3 Failure
Sudden onset of hematuria, edema, hypertension, oliguria,
Post Renal
and elevated BUN and creatinine. Failure
Sabi sa Harrison’s Anything before the kidney is always pre-renal.
Acute
Glomerulonephritis • See definition above (Question 2) Causes of acute kidney injury can be divided into three categories:
(1) pre-renal (caused by decreased renal perfusion, often because
Characterized by only proteins moving
Nephrotic Syndrome of volume depletion); (2) intrinsic renal (caused by a process within
into the urine
the kidneys); (3) postrenal (caused by inadequate drainage of urine
Characterized by not having proteins distal to kidneys)
Nephritic Syndrome moving into the urine
QUESTION 9
This is a possible cause of Pre-Renal Failure
Diabetes Pre-renal
Mellitus
Renal
Artery
Stenosis
Acute Intrarenal (as explained from other numbers)
Tubular
Necrosis
Urinary Post-renal (as explained from other numbers)
Tract
Infection
QUESTION 20
QUESTION 15
The least likely complication of Hemodialysis
The disorder results in improper function of Na-Cl
symporter located in the DCT of the kidney. Although the kidney has lost ability to
Subset of Bartler syndrome. regulate pressure. Pero the mere fact that
Gitelman
Genetic disorder you are still draining fluids from the patient
Syndrome
Hypertension means na kahit papaano that’s going to
Bartter cause hypertension.
Syndrome Sodium regulation nadun pa din sa
Nephritic hemodialysis
Syndrome Leukopenia
Nephrotic Access site
Syndrome Sepsis
Loss of Residual
Renal Function