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STATISTICS
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
In the following multiple choice questions, circle the correct answer.
1. A numerical value used as a summary measure for a sample, such as sample mean, is known as
a
a. population parameter
b. sample parameter
c. sample statistic
d. population mean
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
2. Since the population size is always larger than the sample size, then the sample statistic
a. can never be larger than the population parameter
b. can never be equal to the population parameter
c. can never be zero
d. can never be smaller than the population parameter
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
3. Mu is an example of a
a. population parameter
b. sample statistic
c. population variance
d. mode
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
4. The mean of a sample is
a. always equal to the mean of the population
b. always smaller than the mean of the population
c. computed by summing the data values and dividing the sum by (n - 1)
d. computed by summing all the data values and dividing the sum by the number of items
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
5. The sum of the percent frequencies for all classes will always equal
a. one
b. the number of classes
c. the number of items in the study
d. 100
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
6. In a five number summary, which of the following is not used for data summarization?
a. the smallest value
b. the largest value
c. the median
d. the 25th percentile
e. the mean
ANSWER:
7. Since the mode is the most frequently occurring data value, it
a. can never be larger than the mean
b. is always larger than the median
c. is always larger than the mean
d. must have a value of at least two
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
Exhibit 3-1
The following data show the number of hours worked by 200 statistics students.
Number of Hours Frequency
0 - 9 40
10 - 19 50
20 - 29 70
30 - 39 40
8. Refer to Exhibit 3-1. The class width for this distribution
a. is 9
b. is 10
c. is 11
d. varies from class to class
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
9. Refer to Exhibit 3-1. The number of students working 19 hours or less
a. is 40
b. is 50
c. is 90
d. can not be determined without the original data
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
10. Refer to Exhibit 3-1. The relative frequency of students working 9 hours or less
a. is .2
b. is .45
c. is 40
d. can not be determined from the information given
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
11. Refer to Exhibit 3-1. The cumulative relative frequency for the class of 10 - 19
a. is 90
b. is .25
c. is .45
d. can not be determined from the information given
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
12. The difference between the largest and the smallest data values is the
a. variance
b. interquartile range
c. range
d. coefficient of variation
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
13. Which of the following is not a measure of central location?
a. mean
b. median
c. variance
d. mode
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
14. If a data set has an even number of observations, the median
a. can not be determined
b. is the average value of the two middle items
c. must be equal to the mean
d. is the average value of the two middle items when all items are arranged in ascending order
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
15. The sum of deviations of the individual data elements from their mean is
a. always greater than zero
b. always less than zero
c. sometimes greater than and sometimes less than zero, depending on the data elements
d. always equal to zero
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
16. The value that has half of the observations above it and half the observations below it is called
the
a. range
b. median
c. mean
d. mode
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
17. The most frequently occurring value of a data set is called the
a. range
b. mode
c. mean
d. median
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
18.. In a sample of 800 students in a university, 160, or 20%, are Business majors. Based on the
above information, the school's paper reported that "20% of all the students at the university are
Business majors." This report is an example of
a. a sample
b. a population
c. statistical inference
d. descriptive statistics
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
19.. A statistics professor asked students in a class their ages. On the basis of this information, the
professor states that the average age of all the students in the university is 21 years. This is an
example of
a. a census
b. descriptive statistics
c. an experiment
d. statistical inference
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
20. A tabular summary of a set of data showing the fraction of the total number of items in several
classes is a
a. frequency distribution
b. relative frequency distribution
c. frequency
d. cumulative frequency distribution
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
21. The standard deviation of a sample of 100 observations equals 64. The variance of the sample
equals
a. 8
b. 10
c. 6,400
d. 4,096
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
22. The variance of a sample of 81 observations equals 64. The standard deviation of the sample
equals
a. 0
b. 4096
c. 8
d. 6,561
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
Exhibit 3-2
A researcher has collected the following sample data.
5 12 6 8 5
6 7 5 12 4
23. Refer to Exhibit 3-2. The median is
a. 5
b. 6
c. 7
d. 8
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
Exhibit 3-4
The following is the frequency distribution for the speeds of a sample of automobiles traveling on an
interstate highway.
Speed
Miles per Hour Frequency
50 - 54 2
55 - 59 4
60 - 64 5
65 - 69 10
70 - 74 9
75 - 79 5
35
31. Refer to Exhibit 3-4. The mean is
a. 35
b. 670
c. 10
d. 67
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
32. Refer to Exhibit 3-4. The variance is
a. 6.969
b. 7.071
c. 48.570
d. 50.000
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
33. Refer to Exhibit 3-4. The standard deviation is
a. 6.969
b. 7.071
c. 48.570
d. 50.000
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
34. Which of the following is not a measure of dispersion?
a. the range
b. the 50th percentile
c. the standard deviation
d. the interquartile range
e. the variance
ANSWER:
35. If the variance of a data set is correctly computed with the formula using n - 1 in the
denominator, which of the following is true?
a. the data set is a sample
b. the data set is a population
c. the data set could be either a sample or a population
d. the data set is from a census
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
36. In computing descriptive statistics from grouped data,
a. data values are treated as if they occur at the midpoint of a class
b. the grouped data result is more accurate than the ungrouped result
c. the grouped data computations are used only when a population is being analyzed
d. All of the above answers are correct.
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
37. The measure of dispersion that is influenced most by extreme values is
a. the variance
b. the standard deviation
c. the range
d. the interquartile range
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
38. When should measures of location and dispersion be computed from grouped data rather than
from individual data values?
a. as much as possible since computations are easier
b. only when individual data values are unavailable
c. whenever computer packages for descriptive statistics are unavailable
d. only when the data are from a population
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
39. The descriptive measure of dispersion that is based on the concept of a deviation about the
mean is
a. the range
b. the interquartile range
c. both a and b
d. the standard deviation
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER:
40. For Z =5, state the Chebychev's inequality.
Directions: Answer all Questions and please give me a justification on why you chose that answer.
Thank you.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
In the following multiple choice questions, circle the correct answer.
1. A numerical value used as a summary measure for a sample, such as sample mean, is known
as a
a. population parameter
b. sample parameter
c. sample statistic
d. population mean
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER: c
If it pertains to sample it is called a statistic, if it pertains to population it is called a parameter.
2. Since the population size is always larger than the sample size, then the sample statistic
a. can never be larger than the population parameter
b. can never be equal to the population parameter
c. can never be zero
d. can never be smaller than the population parameter
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER: e
Sample statistic will depend upon the sample chosen. It can be less than, greater than, equal to
population parameter. It can assume the value of zero.
3.  is an example of a
a. population parameter
b. sample statistic
c. population variance
d. mode
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER: a
M is a standard representation for population parameter.
4. The mean of a sample is
a. always equal to the mean of the population
b. always smaller than the mean of the population
c. computed by summing the data values and dividing the sum by (n - 1)
d. computed by summing all the data values and dividing the sum by the number of items
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER: d
Mean= Total of sample values/ sample size
5. The sum of the percent frequencies for all classes will always equal
a. one
b. the number of classes
c. the number of items in the study
d. 100
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER: d
If we count the total frequency it is equal to the sample size n. n/n *100= 100
6. In a five number summary, which of the following is not used for data summarization?
a. the smallest value
b. the largest value
c. the median
d. the 25th percentile
e. the mean
ANSWER:d
7. Since the mode is the most frequently occurring data value, it
a. can never be larger than the mean
b. is always larger than the median
c. is always larger than the mean
d. must have a value of at least two
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER: e
The mean, median and mode values will be distributed according to the skewness of the
distribution. Accordingly mode can be greater than or less than mean or mode.
Exhibit 3-1
The following data show the number of hours worked by 200 statistics students.
Number of Hours Frequency
0 - 9 40
10 - 19 50
20 - 29 70
30 - 39 40
8. Refer to Exhibit 3-1. The class width for this distribution
a. is 9
b. is 10
c. is 11
d. varies from class to class
e. None of the above answers is correct.
ANSWER: b
Each class width is equal to 10.
9. Refer to Exhibit 3-1. The number of students working 19 hours or less
a. is 40
Research Methodology and Bio-stat
1. An abstract of the journal article doesn’t contain
1. Methodologies
2. Result
3. Objectives
4. Ethical consideration
2. Community based participatory researches (CBPR) use
1. Emic perspective
2. Etic perspective
3. Technical perspective
4. Both b and c
3. Usually conventional researches base on
1. Deduction
2. Induction
3. Relationalism
4. None of the above
4. Observation checklist is the ……………. of data collection
1. Tool
2. Method
3. Manual
4. Guideline
5. Qualitative data is not generated by
1. Focus group discussion
2. Observation
3. Questionnaire
4. Interviews
6. The selection of groups of study units instead of selection of study units is called
1. Stratified sampling
2. Cluster sampling
3. Systematic sampling
4. Multistage sampling
7. In pilot phase of research, which of the technique is economical and easy for data collection?
1. participant observation
2. rapid appraisal
3. survey
4. both a and c
8. The variables that are used to describe or measure the factors that are assumed to canuse or at least influence
the problem are called
1. independent variables
2. dependent variables
3. confounding variable
4. none of the above
9. Validity of research findings denote:
1. Consistency
2. Relativity
3. Accuracy
4. Reliability
10. If observed changes in a group are due to the fact that it is being studied rather than due to experimentation,
the effect is termed as
1. Placebo effect
2. Confounding
3. Withdrawal effect
4. Hawthorne effect
11. Which of the following is not the ethical principle for health and bio-medical researches?
1. Beneficence
2. Justice
3. Informed consent
4. Reliability
12. Random error or bias in research is due to
1. sampling reliability
2. random fluctuation
3. response error
4. both a and b
13. Data processing does not involve
1. categorizing data
2. coding
3. analyzing
4. summarizing
14. A variable that is associated with problem as well as with a possible cause of the problem is
1. causative variable
2. confounding variable
3. dependent variable
4. independent variable
15. Focus group discussion is the group discussion of ……persons.
1. 6-12
2. 3-5
3. 10-14
4. none of above
16. The research for measuring the efficacy of vaccine is:
1. basic research
2. applied research
3. conductive research
4. action research
17. The common characteristic that both experimental and quasi-experimental sudy should possess is
1. Manipulation
2. control groups
3. randomization
4. None
18. Married-unmarried, child-adult, male- female is
1. ordinal scale
2. interval scale
3. ratio scale
4. nominal scale
19. Temperature is ……scale
1. ordinal scale
2. interval scale
3. ratio scale
4. nominal scale
20. Weight, height, length is
1. ordinal scale
2. interval scale
3. ratio scale
4. nominal scale
21. If null hypothesis is rejected even if it is true is
1. type I error
2. type II error
3. β error
4. µ error
22. Accepting null hypothesis when it is false is
1. type I error
2. type II error
3. α error
4. µ error
23. Binomial distribution is
1. discrete distribution
2. continuous distribution
3. individual distribution
4. poisson distribution
24. Law of improbable events is
1. discrete distribution
2. continuous distribution
3. individual distribution
4. poisson distribution
25. Bingo is
1. simple random sampling
2. systematic sampling
3. cluster sampling
4. stratified random sampling
26. Sampling error can be attributed to following except
1. sampling procedure
2. research design
3. sample design
4. recording
27. If sample size is increased then sampling error
1. Reduces
2. Increases
3. no change
4. reduces non-sampling error
28. Which of the following does not have sampling error
1. sample population
2. census
3. stratified sampling
4. systematic random sampling
29. When variable are not measurable which of the following is used to be represented?
1. Nominal
2. Ordinal
3. Interval
4. Ratio
1. Skin color
2. Blood pressure
3. Weight
4. Boys in the class
31. Which of the following type of the diagrams can be used to find out the relationship between two variables?
1. Pictogram
2. Bar diagram
3. Histogram
4. Scatter diagram
1. Line chart
2. Bar chart
3. Histogram
4. Pie chart
33. Low birth weight LBW statistics of a hospital is best shown by:
1. Bar chart
2. Histogram
3. Frequency polygon
4. Pie chart
34. 30 babies were born in hospital, 10 were less than 2.5 kg and 20 were greater than 2.5 kg the average is
1. Arithmetic mean
2. Median
3. Geometric mean
4. Mode
1. 25th percentile
2. 50th percentile
3. 75th percentile
4. 10th percentile
36. Mean of 400 variables is 100 and standard deviation is 8 what will be the error of deviation?
1. 4
2. 1
3. 2
4. 4
1. Conceptual error
2. sampling error
3. Instrumental error
4. Observer error
1. 1/10
2. 9/10
3. ½
4. 1
42. Area between one standard deviation on either side of mean in normal distribution curve is:
1. 60%
2. 68%
3. 95%
4. 99%
43. If the mean is 220 and the standard error is 10 the 95% confidence limits would be:
1. 210-330
2. 200-240
3. 215-225
4. 220±0.2
1. Linear
2. Symmetrical
3. Curvilinear
4. Parabolic
1. 0 to +1
2. -1 to 0
3. -1 to +1
4. -2 to +2
Read also: Takemi Program in International Health 2018-2019 - The Harvard T. H. Chan
School of Public Health
1. Observer bias
2. Patient bias
3. Confounding bias
4. sampling bias
1. Association
2. Index
3. Proportion
4. Correlation
49. For a survey a village is divided into 5 lanes the each lane is sampled randomly it is an example of:
1. 05
2. 01
3. 1
4. 005
52. Which of the following is unrelated to the chi square test of significance?
1. Degree of freedom
2. Life table
3. Significance level
4. Qualitative data
54. The mean BP of a group of persons was determined and after an intervention trial the mean BP was
estimated again the test to be applied to determine the significance of intervention is:
55. The statistical analysis of two unrelated big data (n=200) is by:
56. A paired t-test
57. Chi-square test
58. Z-test
59. Unpaired test
1. Bar diagrams
2. Cubes
3. Circles
4. None of them
5. Vitiate value which repeats maximum number of times is known as:
6. Mean
7. Median
8. Mode
9. Average
60. Whenever a shopkeeper wants to stock the goods he sells he always looks to:
1. mean
2. Mode
3. Median
4. None of them
1. Standard deviation
2. Mean deviation
3. Range
4. Quartile deviation
62. When there is perfect positive correction between two variables then what is the value of r (Karl people’s
correlation coefficient):
1. 1
2. -1
3.
4. Between 0 and 1
1. Estimation
2. Hypothesis testing
3. Correlation
4. Both a and b
1. Karl persons
2. Friedrich gauss
3. Bernoulli
4. Rank de
1. S shaped
2. Parabolic
3. Hyperbolic
4. Bell shaped
1. Half of SD
2. Square root of SD
3. Square of SD
4. Twice of SD
5. Chi square test was developed by
1. Karl Pearson
2. Friedrich Garss
3. Bernvolli
4. Rank De
5. Normal curve is
1. S shaped
2. Parabolic
3. Hyperbolic
4. Bell shaped
First Set of Multiple Choice Questions on Environment with Answers:
Back to Top
d.) Sea levels will rise as the polar ice caps will gradually melt
Answer: (c)
2. Acid rain is formed due to contribution from the following pair of gases
Answer: (b)
c) Neurological disorder
Answer: (d)
a) air pollution.
b) contamination of groundwater.
d) destruction of habitat.
Answer: (b)
a) Oxygen
b) Hydrogen
c) Nitrogen
d) Carbon dioxide
Answer: (c)
Answer: (b)
a) carbon dioxide
b) carbon monoxide
c) chlorofluorocarbons
d) methane gas
e) nitrous oxide
Answer: (c)
8. The increase in the concentration of CO2 in our environment in last fifty years;
since 1960 is about
a) 20%
b) 10%
c) 14%
d) 6%
Answer: (c)
a) nitrous oxide.
b) carbon dioxide.
c) chlorofluorocarbons.
d) methane.
Answer: (c)
c) agricultural irrigation.
d) domestic use.
Answer: (a)
Second Set of Multiple Choice Questions on Enviornment with
Answers
Back to Top
11. Which of the following are the example of Municipal and industrial discharge
pipes
d) irrigation.
Answer: (c)
b) phosphorus contamination.
d) hydrocarbon contamination.
Answer: (a)
13. How the biological oxygen demand gets affected with the increased
presence of organic matter in water?
Answer: (a)
14. Which of the following is not a major source of groundwater contamination?
a) agricultural products
b) landfills
c) septic tanks
Answer: (e)
15. Which of the following is not considered as part of water use planning?
d) salinization
Answer: (e)
16. The stage in which the biological processes is used to purify water in a
wastewater treatment plants is called
c) wastewater reduction
d) biochemical reduction
Answer: (a)
Answer: (a)
a) mechanized agriculture
b) hybrid seeds
d) monoculture
Answer: (c)
Answer: (c)
20. Which of the following is negative effects on the soil and water due to
conventional, mechanized farming practices?
a) soil compaction
Answer: (e)
2. How many years once the parties in the Vienna Convention meet to take decision?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The parties of the Vienna Convention meet once in three years in order to take decisions
designed to administer the convention. In 2009, the Vienna Convention became the first Convention
of any kind to achieve universal ratification.
3. When did Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants came into exist?
a) 2000
b) 2002
c) 2004
d) 2006
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants came into exist on 17 May 2004.
It is a global treaty to protect human health and the environment from persistent organic pollutants and
thus helps to maintain the health of humans and environment.
9. Which convention came into exist for the use of ‘Transboundary water courses’?
a) Vienna Convention
b) Stockholm Convention
c) Helsinki Convention
d) Bucharest Convention
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Foe the regulation of use of international watercourses Helsinki Convention came into
exists in 1992. The main aim is to protect and use of Transboundary watercourses and international
lakes seeks to established cooperative frameworks.
11. For the conservation of migratory species of wild animals which convention took place?
a) Rio de Janeiro Convention
b) Bonn Convention
c) Basel Convention
d) Aarhus Convention
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Bonn Convention came into exist for the conservation of migratory species of wild
animals. And also to conserve terrestrial species and marine species throughout their range was the
objective of this convention.
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