“DALITS IN INDIA ”

ROUGH DRAFT SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE COURSE

LEGAL RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY

SUBMITTED TO:

Mr. Vijayant Sinha

Teacher Associate

SUBMITTED BY:

NAME: PRAKASH KUMAR

COURSE: B.A. LL.B (Hons.)

ROLL NO: 1949

SEMESTER: 1ST

CHANAKYA NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY, NYAYA

NAGAR, MITHAPUR, PATNA - 800001
 INTRODUCTION
Scheduled castes constitute about 16.2 per cent of the Indian population.
In spite of sustained and consistent efforts on the part of the govt. to
ameliorate the condition of SCs, this social group continues to be
categorised amongst the poorest and most subordinated in Indian society
by any measure of human development .More than half the SC population
is concentrated in the five states of Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar,
Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh. The deprivation of this group is
associated with the historical processes of economic and social exclusion,
and discrimination based on caste.

Recognising the special problems of the group, the government has, over
the years, continuously introduced policies and programmes for building
their human capacities and capabilities. The government’s approach
towards the SCs primarily draws from provisions in the constitution, which
legally abolished the practice of untouchability and the discrimination
arising out of untouchability (Article 17). The constitution guarantees
equality before the law (Article 14); provides for the promotion of the
educational and economic interests of SCs and for their protection from
social injustice and all forms of exploitation (Article 46); provides for
special measures through reservation in government services; and also
reserves seats in democratic political institution (Article 330 and 335, 75rd
Amendment Act, 1992).

Finally, the constitution provides for the establishment of a permanent

body to investigate and monitor the social and economic progress of SCs
on an annual basis. In 1932, the nomenclature ‘Scheduled Castes’ was
proposed before the Indian Franchise Committee by the then provincial
government of Bengal. Accordingly, in the government of India Act 1935,
a schedule containing a list of these classes was added for the first time.
Prior to this, they had been classified as the ‘Depressed Classes’. The
constitution of India, through Article 341, authorises the President of India
to specify castes to be notified as SCs. The President of India in
consultation with the Governor of the concerned state notifies a particular
caste as a Scheduled Caste and the inclusion of the caste in the Schedule
is promulgated by the Parliament.
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The researcher will be relying on Doctrinal method of research to complete the project.

SOURCES OF DATA

The researcher will be relying on both primary and secondary sources to complete the project

1. Primary Sources: Books, Acts for ‘Dalits’

2. Secondary Sources: Newspapers, journals, and websites.

TENTATIVE CHAPTERIZATION

1. Introduction

The caste system as a social organisation of Hindu society is based on highly unequal
entitlements to economic and social rights. Thi inequality involves the historic exclusion
and discrimination, in terms of denial of rights, of certain groups and castes, particularly
the SCs, in multiple societal relations- econo,mic , social, political and cultural. This gross
discrimination and exclusion has resulted in widespread deprivation and poverty for the
SCs,who have traditionally been placed at the bottom rung of the caste hierarchy.

2. Who is a “Dalit”
Dalit is not a news word. Apparently it was used in the 1930s as a Hindi and Marathi
translation of ‘Depressed Classes’, the term the British used for what are now called
the scheduled castes. In 1930s, there was a Depressed Classes newspaper published in
Pune called Dalit Bandhu.

3. Practice of Untouchability and Atrocities.

In the traditional and formal sense, the caste system is characterised by three interrelated and
intricately intertwined principles. These are the ascription of social, cultural, religious and
economic rights for each caste ; the unequal and hierarchical division of these rights between
the castes; and the provision of strong social ostracism mechanisms supported by social and
religious ideologies.

4. Various schemes for Dalits.

Recognising the special problems of the group, the government has, over the years,
continuously introduced policies and programmes to build their human capacities and
capabilities .The government’s approach towards SCs primarily draws from the provisions of
the constitution.

5. Conclusion and Suggestions

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

The researcher has consulted following sources to complete the rough proposal:

1. Dalits in India by Sukhadeo thorat

2. Dalits in modern India by S. M. Michael

1. WEBSITES:
www.sagepublications/dalits/.com
www.socaljustice.nic.in/schemelist/indexmid=24541
www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/scheme-for-dalit-welfarefrom=mdr