SKEMA TEST 1 BFC 43003 SEM 2 SESI 2017/2018

a) Design load

3.0 m

3.0 m

1
3.0 m 6.0 m

A B C

Slab A-B/1-2: Ly/Lx = 6/3 = 2.0 (Two-way slab)

Slab B-C/1-2: Ly/Lx = 6/3 = 2.0 (Two-way slab)
Slab B-C/2-3: Ly/Lx = 6/3 = 2.0 (Two-way slab)

Design load, nd = 1.35gk + 1.5qk = 1.35(1.0) + 1.5(2.0) = 4.35 kN/m2 (1 mark)

Design load, wd = (4.35 x loading area) + beam selfweight

Beam B-C/2

Slab B-C/1-2 Slab B-C/2-3 1.5

+
aL=1.5 3 1.5 1.5 3 1.5

(1 mark)
Loading area =[½ x 1.5 x (6+3)] + [½ x 1.5 x (6+3)] = 6.75 + 6.75 =13.5 m2
Design load, wd = (4.35 x 13.5) + (1.35 x 70 x 10/1000 x 6) = 58.73 + 5.67 = 64.4 kN (1 mark)
RA = RB = 64.4/2 = 32.2 kN (1 mark)
Beam B/1-3 RA Beam
B-C/2
Slab Slab 1.5
Slab A-B/1-3
B-C/2-3 B-C/1-2
+ +
aL=1.5 3 1.5 3 3

(1 mark)
Loading area =[½ x 1.5 x (6+3)] + [½ x 3 x 1.5] +[½ x 3 x 1.5] =6.75 + 2.25 + 2.25 =11.25m2
Design load, wd =(4.35 x 11.25) + 32.2 +(1.35 x 70 x 10/1000 x 6)=48.94 + 32.2 + 5.67 (1 mark)
=86.81kN
TOTAL: 6 MARKS

b) Propose initial size beam B/1-3

Actual deflection < Deflection limit
W from slab A-B/1-3 = (gk + qk) x loading area = (1.0 + 2.0) x 6.75 = 20.25 kN (0.5 mark)
W from slab B-C/1-3 = (1.0 + 2.0) x 4.5 = 13.5 kN (0.5 mark)
W form beam B-C/2 = (20.25/2) + (20.25/2) = 20.25 kN
(0.5 mark)
aL = 1.5
a=1.5/6 = 0.25
(4𝑎2 − 5)2 𝑤𝐿3 1 𝑤𝐿3 1 𝑤𝐿3 𝐿
+ + <
1920(1 − 𝑎)𝐸𝐼 73.14 𝐸𝐼 48 𝐸𝐼 200
(4(0.252 ) − 5)2 (20.25 × 103 )(6000)3 1 (13.5 × 103 )(6000)3 1 (20.25 × 103 )(6000)3 6000
+ + < (2 marks)
1920(1 − 0.25)210000 𝐼 73.14 210000 𝐼 48 210000 𝐼 200

(326.35 x 106/I) + (189.85 x 106/I) + (433.93 x 106/I) < 30

Irequired > 31.67 x 106 mm4 = 3167 cm4 (0.5 mark)

Proposed: 254 x 146 x 31 (I = 4410cm4) ***Any size with I > 3167cm4 is acceptable (1 mark)

TOTAL: 5 MARKS
c) Design check Beam B/1-3
406 x 178 x 67 UB
S275
VEd = 131 kN
MEd = 98 kNm
h = 409.4 mm
b = 178.8 mm
tw = 8.8 mm
tf = 14.3 mm
r = 10.2 mm
cf/tf = 5.23
cw/tw = 41.0
Wpl,y = 1350 cm3 = 1350 x 103 mm3
A = 85.5 cm2 = 8550 mm2

i) Shear resistance – Cl. 6.2.6

Table 3.1 tw = 8.8 mm
tf = 14.3 mm
tw & tf < 40mm
(0.5 mark)
Therefore, for S275, fy = 275 N/mm2
Table 5.2 For fy = 275 N/mm2, ε=0.92 (0.5 mark)

𝐴𝑣 (𝑓𝑦 /√3)
𝑉𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 =
𝛾𝑀0
𝐴𝑣 = 𝐴 − 2𝑏𝑡𝑓 + (𝑡𝑤 + 2𝑟)𝑡𝑓 > 𝜂ℎ𝑤 𝑡𝑤
= 8550 − 2(178.8)(14.3) + (8.8 + 2(10.2))14.3 = 3853.88 𝑚𝑚2 (1 mark)

𝜂 = 1.0
ℎ𝑤 = ℎ − 2𝑡𝑓 = 409.4 − 2(14.3) = 380.8 𝑚𝑚 (0.5 mark)
𝜂ℎ𝑤 𝑡𝑤 = 1.0(380.8)(8.8) = 3351.04 𝑚𝑚2 < 𝐴𝑣 (0.5 mark)

Use Av = 3853.88 mm2

3853.88(275/√3) (1 mark)
𝑉𝑝𝑙,𝑅𝑑 = = 611.89 𝑘𝑁 > 𝑉𝐸𝑑
1.0
Therefore, shear capacity is Ok! (1 mark)

Check for shear buckling:

ℎ𝑤 𝜀
≤ 72
𝑡𝑤 𝜂
ℎ𝑤 380.8
= = 43.3 (0.5 mark)
𝑡𝑤 8.8
 𝜀 0.92
72 = 72 = 66.24 (0.5 mark)
𝜂 1.0
ℎ𝑤 𝜀
= 43.3 ≤ 72 = 66.24 (0.5 mark)
𝑡𝑤 𝜂
Therefore shear buckling check is not required. (0.5 mark)

TOTAL: 7 MARKS

ii) Bending moment resistance – Cl 6.2.5

Cross-section classification:
Flange (Table 5.2 – Sheet 2)
cf/tf = 5.23
Limit for Class 1 = 9ε = 9(0.92) = 8.28
(1 mark)
cf/tf = 5.23 < 9ε, therefore flange is Class 1

Web (Table 5.2 – Sheet 1)

cw/tw = 41.0
Limit for Class 1 = 72ε = 72(0.92) = 66.24 (1 mark)
cw/tw = 41.0 < 72ε, therefore web is Class 1

Therefore, overall cross-section is Class 1. (1 mark)

Bending moment resistance, Mc,Rd = Mpl,Rd = (Wpl,y)fy/γM0

= 1350 x 103 (275) / 1.0 (1 mark)
= 371.25 kNm
Mc,Rd > MEd, therefore Ok! (1 mark)

TOTAL: 5 MARKS

iii) If the shear force is less than half the plastic shear resistance, its effect on
moment resistance may be neglected. Otherwise, reduced moment resistance
should be taken as the design resistance of the cross-section. (2 marks)

TOTAL: 2 MARKS
d) 254 × 254 × 73 UC
S275
L = 4.0 m
h = 254.1 mm
b = 254.6 mm
tw = 8.6 mm
tf = 14.2 mm
r = 12.7 mm
cf/tf = 7.77
cw/tw = 23.3
iy = 11.1 cm = 111 mm
A = 93.1 cm2 = 9310 mm2

i) Axial load of column B/1

Beam 1/A-B

Slab
B-C/2-3

Beam selfweight = 1.35 x 70 x 10/1000 x 3 = 2.835 kN (0.5 mark)

Design load = 4.35 kN/m2
Loading area = ½ x 3 x 1.5 = 2.25m2 (0.5 mark)
Design load = (4.35 x 2.25) + beam selfweight
= 9.788 + 2.835 = 12.62 kN (1 mark)
RA1 = RB1 = 12.62/2 = 6.31 kN (1 mark)

Beam 1/B-C

Slab B-C/1-2

Design load = (4.35 x 6.75) + beam selfweight

(1 mark)
= 29.36 + 5.67 = 35.02 kN
RB1 = RC1 = 35.02/2 = 17.51 kN (1 mark)

Beam B/1-3
RB1 = RB3 = 86.81/2 = 43. 41 kN (1 mark)

(1 mark)
Column selfweight = 1.35 x 73.1 x 10/1000 x 4 = 3.95 kN
Total axial load for column B/1 = 6.31 + 17.51 + 43.41 + 3.95 = 71.18 kN (1 mark)

TOTAL: 8 MARKS
ii) Cross-section classification of column
Table 3.1 tw = 8.6 mm
tf = 14.2 mm
tw & tf < 40mm (0.5 mark)
Therefore, for S275, fy = 275 N/mm2
Table 5.2 For fy = 275 N/mm2, ε=0.92 (0.5 mark)

Flange (Table 5.2 – Sheet 2)

cf/tf = 7.77
Limit for Class 1 = 9ε = 9(0.92) = 8.28
(1 mark)
cf/tf = 7.77 < 9ε, therefore flange is Class 1

Web (Table 5.2 – Sheet 1)

cw/tw = 23.3
Limit for Class 1 = 33ε = 33(0.92) = 30.36 (1 mark)
cw/tw = 23.3 < 33ε, therefore web is Class 1

Therefore, overall cross-section is Class 1. (1 mark)

TOTAL: 4 MARKS

iii) Compression resistance – Cl. 6.2.4

Nc,Rd = Afy/γM0 = 9310 (275)/1.0 = 2560.25 kN > 71.18 kN, (2 mark)

Therefore, compression resistance is Ok!
(1 mark)

Buckling resistance about major axis – Cl. 6.3.1

λ = (Lcr/i)(1/λ1)
λ1 = 93.9ε = 93.9(0.92) = 86.39 (0.5 mark)
Lcr = 1.0L = 1.0(4000) = 4000 mm (0.5 mark)
λ = (4000/111)(1/86.39)
= 0.42 (1 mark)

Table 6.2 h/b = 254.1 / 254.6 = 0.998 < 1.2

(1 mark)
tf = 14.2 mm < 100 mm
(1 mark)
For buckling about y-axis, use buckling curve b

Figure 6.4 χ = 0.93 (*** any value closer to 0.93 is acceptable) (3 marks)

OR
Table 6.1 For buckling curve b, α=0.34 (1 mark)
Φ = 0.5 [1 + α(λ-0.2) + λ²]
= 0.5 [1 + 0.34(0.42 – 0.2) + 0.422)
(1 mark)
= 0.63

χ = 1 / [φ + √(φ² - λ²)]
= 1 / [0.63 + √(0.63² - 0.42²)
= 0.91 (1 mark)

Nb,Rd = χ A fy / γM1
= 0.91 (9310)(275) / 1.0 = 2330 kN (***may vary depends on χ) (2 marks)
Nb,Rd = 2330 kN > 71.18 kN, therefore buckling resistance Ok! (1 mark)

TOTAL: 13 MARKS