CORRUPTION IN COLOMBIA

The Externado University headed by its rector Juan Carlos Henao made the presentation of four
volumes on corruption in Colombia, derived from 47 studies conducted by 77 researchers of the
university, these volumes are divided into volume 1 Political Corruption and Society, Volume 2
Sectoral Approaches corruption, Volume 3 Private Corruption and Volume 4 Corruption, State and
legal instruments.

The university made the presentation of its study by holding a small forum in which the rector
Juan Carlos Henao, the vice president of the Republic Marta Lucia Ramírez, the nation's attorney
general Néstor Humberto Martínez, the national attorney general Fernando Carrillo and the
general controller of the nation Edgardo Maya.

For its presentation was given the dynamics in which each volume was presented by one of the
editors of the literal work and followed by a question and subsequent response by one of the
guests to the presentation forum of the work.

In her speech, Vice President Marta Lucia Ramírez gave a lecture on the small relationship that
exists between Colombian culture and corruption, since ethics should be inculcated from the
family as a duty. She also says that it is useless to have so many laws if they are not met and
emphasizes in the bad Colombian culture mentioning Dr. Antanas Mockus, mentions the search
for the easy way or the shortcut to seek an alleged success, which leads to the easy development
of corruption. The vice president mentions that since the government of President Iban Duque
seek to improve the indicators that Colombia has negative from the professionalization of the civil
service, this in order to end the clientelism that to get to govern must pay favors with public
contracts or with posts in public office.

While in his participation the Attorney General Fernando Carrillo gave a strong speech against the
autonomous regional corporations where we have all observed are the institutions where more
resources are diverted, mentioning them as a nest of corruption.

The comptroller implies that in Colombia there is a need for independent control bodies that are
not kneeling, since this facilitates the spread of corruption, since these controls reach a certain
level with the root of the problem. It also expresses the interest of the United Nations
organization regarding corruption since it says that 1.4% of world GDP is destined only for
corruption.
At the time of the intervention of Attorney General Néstor Martínez expressed with concern the
weak regime of penalties that there is in Colombia that there is for the corrupt in Colombia that is
with a maximum penalty of 12 years, with help in the confession of the involved this could be
reduce by half and sometimes with restoration of rights the maximum corrupt are deprived of
maximum freedom 2 years or not even touch the jail, which leads to a margin of impunity and
distrust of the citizenry in the Colombian justice.

Within its fiscal participation, it mentions the pension system in Colombia referenced in the
liquidation of the social insurance when it declared its lack of fund liquidity for pension payment
and that this does not transfer a penny to Colpensiones in its foundation and on the latter
mentions the records of corruption that have been produced by certificates, work histories and
false actuarial calculations that have 225 functional entities of the entity under judicialization.

In the last place and with a limited time the general comptroller of the nation Edgardo Maya and
in his house as a graduate of the university, he proposes to extinguish the 63 existing comptroller's
offices in Colombia and to unify it but not to centralize it (something to which the vice president
showed himself in disagreement) this in order to have the magnifying glass closer to the problem
of corruption and have a more organized control body in the fight against corruption and
mentions the eagerness to end what he mentions pocket controllers, and with that end with that
someone who has been investigated or convicted can take office in this position and end with a
blunt phrase, if elected as Comptroller General of the republic is the same as appointing as
director of a kindergarten a rapist