Year 6 HL - Tutorial 7 - 31 August 2018

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• The use of a calculator is permitted throughout.

• You must attempt to finish this worksheet in 60 minutes.

1. A computer manufacturing company buys large quantities of hard discs from several
suppliers. Hard disc quality is checked by a process called RTT which gives results
on a continuous scale from 0 to 100. Based on previous experience the company
assumes that the results are normally distributed with a mean of 68 and standard
deviation of 3.
Shipments arrive from suppliers on a daily basis. A sample of 10 hard discs is taken
from each shipment at random and tested. If the mean of the sample is more than
67, the shipment is accepted, otherwise it is rejected.

(a) What is the probability that a hard disc selected at random has a result less
than 67?

(b) Find the probability that a shipment is rejected.

(c) There is a $1000 penalty each day that a shipment is rejected. A particular
suppliers hard discs have a mean of 67.5 and a standard deviation of 2.8.
(i) What is the probability that this suppliers shipment is accepted?
(ii) What is the expected penalty per 6-day week for this supplier?

2. A chocolate manufacturer puts gift vouchers at random into 15% of all chocolate
bars produced. A customer must collect five vouchers to qualify for a gift.
(a) Barry goes into a shop and buys 20 of these bars. Find the probability that
he qualifies for a gift.

(b) John goes into a shop and buys n of these bars. Find the smallest value of n
for which the probability of qualifying for a gift exceeds 12 .

(c) Martina goes into a shop and buys these bars one at a time: she opens them
to see if they contain a voucher. She obtains her 5th voucher on the Xth bar
bought.
(i) Write down an expression for P (X = x), valid for x ≥ 5.
(ii) Calculate E(X).
P (X = x) 0.85(x − 1)
(iii) Show that = .
P (X = x − 1) x−5
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(iv) Show that if P (X = x) > P (X = x − 1) then x < 3
. Deduce the most
probable value of X.

3. The graph of the probability density function, fX (x), of a continuous random vari-
able X is given below.

(a) Find an expression for fX (x) in terms of a.

1
(b) Show that a = .
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(c) Find the cumulative distribution FX (x).
Let Y = ln X.
(d) Find the cumulative distribution, FY (x), and density function, fY (x), of Y .

4. Consider the random variable X defined over the set of non-negative integers. The
probability generating function for X is
m
GX (t) = ,
(7 − 4t)3
where m is some real number.
(a) Find the value of m.
(b) Find E(X) and V ar(X).
(c) Find P (X = 0), P (X = 1), and P (X = 2).

END