A Fragment (A Poem That Has No Title)

 This short poem of Rizal has no title. It bespeaks of his thanksgiving to God
for soothing him during his troubles and dark moments. In this poem, he also
expressed his gratitude to God for allowing him to be born to a respectable
and honorable family and to belong to a rich country. The difficulties and
struggles of Rizal which he suffered and his sadness were evident in the
verses of this poem.

To the Philippines

 The poem “To the Philippines” by Jose Rizal was filled with patriotic
meaning. The poet shared unselfish love for his country in this poem, which
was meant to awaken patriotism in his fellow countrymen for the Philippines.
It also serves as a reminder for Filipinos to love their motherland.

My Last Farewell (Mi Ultimo Adios)

 This untitled poem is considered as the most celebrated poem by the

national hero. Rizal’s friend, Mariano Ponce, was the one who titled the
poem “Mi Ultimo Pensamiento” (My Last Thought). Later, the poem was
referred to as “My Last Farewell” (Mi Ultimo Adios).
“Mi Ultimo Adios”, a brilliant creation, was assumed to be written the night
before Jose Rizal’s execution on December 30, 1896. A day before his
execution, he was visited by her mother, nephews and siblings Lucia,
Josefa, Trinidad, Maria and Narcisa. As the dear visitors were leaving, Jose
handed over to his sister Trinidad an alcohol cooking stove (cocinilla), a gift
from the Pardo de Taveras, whispering to her in a language which the
guards could not comprehend, “there is something on it.” At their abode,
the sisters discovered a folded paper inside the stove. That ‘something’ was
Rizal’s unsigned, undated, and untitled poem consisting of 14 five-line
stanzas. The Rizal family reproduced and distributed copies of it and sent
copies to the hero’s friends in the country and abroad.
Widely regarded as the most patriotic poem in the world, it has been
translated into at least 38 languages. The poem reflects the hero’s
adoration to and patriotism for his country. He requests his fellowmen to
pray for others who also have died and suffered for the country. He begged
the Filipino people to never lose hope and faith in the Lord God. Forceful
words were used to inspire them not to be discouraged by the oppression
of the Spaniards.
At the last part of the poem, Jose Rizal mentioned his “sweet stranger” as
his friend and joy. This implied his farewell to his beloved “dulce estranjera”,
Josephine. A song based on the poem “Mi Ultimo Adios” was composed
by Joey Ayala.

Reference:
https://ourhappyschool.com/history/jose-rizal’s-poems
https://ourhappyschool.com/philippine-studies/jose-rizal’s-poems-
compilation