ABSTRACT
Electromyography (EMG) is a technique
for evaluating and recording the
activation signal of muscles. EMG is
performed using an instrument called an
electromyography, to produce a record
called an electromyogram. An
electromyography detects the electrical
potential generated by muscle cells when
these cells contract, and also when the
cells are at rest. Electrical characteristics.
The electrical source is the muscle
membrane potential of about -70mV.
Measured EMG potentials range between
less than 50 μV and up to 20 to 30 mV,
depending on the muscle under
observation. Typical repetition rate of
muscle unit firing is about 7–20 Hz,
depending on the size of the muscle (eye
muscles versus seat (gluteal) muscles),
previous axonal damage and other
factors. Damage to motor units can be
expected at ranges between 450 and 780
mV. In this study, we proposed a
hierarchical gesture recognition
framework based on the combined use of
multivariate Gaussian distribution and a
set of rules for model and feature set
selection, deriving from a detailed
analysis of misclassified gestures in the
confusion matrix. To illustrate the
practical use of the framework, a gesture
recognition experiment has been
conducted on Predefined Sign Language
gestures with two additional gestures
representing space and a full stop. This
proposed project will be helpful for the
speech and hearing impaired disability
people. The sensors sensed values will
be sent to microcontroller where in pre
assigned values of the sensors will be set
in the program which will be passed to
the motor controlled unit and the motor
controller unit performs the necessary
action. Low power wireless
communication and computing
embedded systems, in the main form of
wireless sensor networks (WSN), have
become a robust solution. Through
hardware and software architectures,
along with appropriate mechanisms e.g.
for data collection and aggregation,
wireless communication protocols and
standards, they represent a valid solution
in assuring continuous and reliable
operation.
INTRODUCTION
As people age, they must often deal with
decreased mobility.Such reductions may
ultimately impair one’s abilityto perform
essential activities of daily living
(ADLs). Forthose wishing to age in
place, a diminished capacity to
conductADLs is frequently an indicator
for diminished quality of life,decreased
independence, increased caregiver
burden, or institutionalization. With this
population in mind, the authorsenvision a
comprehensive system of adaptive
architectural and Robotic components to
support independent living for
individualswhose capabilities and needs
are changing over potentiallylong
periods of time. Human gesture may
occur in various forms including
handand arm gesticulation, pantomime,
sign language, static posesof the hand
and body, or language-like gestures that
may replacewords during speech. Of
these, hand and arm gesticulation
accountfor some 90% of gestured
communication. Hence,the exploration
of gesture at this scale as a means of
commandinteraction with robotics and
computing is warranted. Efforts
atautomated gesture recognition
generally involve a common setof
considerations and problems to be
addressed. These include Some
combination of sensor platform, data
representation, patternrecognition, and
machine learning.Automatic gesture
recognition is a key component for the
development of a gesture-based
communication device. In general, most
sign language postures can be recognized
based on four distinctive features,
namely shape, position, orientation, and
motion sequence. With modern sensor
technology, these main features can be
captured and interpreted.
Electromyography (EMG) is a technique
for evaluating and recording the
electrical activity produced by skeletal
muscles. EMG is performed using an
instrument called an electromyograph, to
produce a record called an
electromyogram. An electromyograph
detects the electrical potential generated
by muscle cells, when these cells are
electrically or neurologically activated.
The signals can be analyzed to detect
medical abnormalities, activation level,
or recruitment order or to analyze the
biomechanics of human or animal
movement. Myo can tell the difference
between different finger movements and
sense hand
rotations and movements by measuring
the different electrical-impulse patterns
that your movements generate and by
using an inertial sensor to understand
movements. With the band on your arm,
you can do things like mimic shooting a
gun to control a firearm in a video game,
or swipe a hand to move through slides
in a presentation. This information is
sent to a processor in the armband, and
an algorithm translates it into commands,
which are sent via low-power Bluetooth
to the gadget you’re trying to control,
such as a smartphone.
LITARETURE SURVEY
Gesture recognition and pen
computing:This computing not only
going to reduce the hardware impact of
the system but also it increases the range
of usage of physical world object instead
of digital object like keyboards, mouses.
Using this we can implement and can
create a new thesis of creating of new
hardware no requirement of monitors
too. This idea may lead us to the creation
of holographic display. The term gesture
recognition has been used to refer more
narrowly to non-text-input handwriting
symbols, such as inking on a graphics
tablet, multi-touch gestures, and mouse
gesture recognition. As for robotics, the
big advantage of systems like Myo (or
JPL's BioSleeve) is that it doesn't require
external infrastructure or a controller that
you have to hold onto,keep track of, and
otherwise be careful with. With a
wearable control system, you can keep it
on all the time, and instantly activate it
with a gesture. It's simple and intuitive
and can be operated with a minimal
amount of training, but at the same time,
is versatile enough to control a wide
variety of robots. But there's a trade-off:
Neither the Myo or the BioSleeve might
offer the extra-fine level of control that
you can get with something more
traditional (like a PS3 controller). As
robotic autonomy increases, though,
reliance on high-level commands will
become the norm, and that's what things
like the Myo are likely best at.
MOTIVATION:
The present methods and devices relate
generally to human-electronics
interfaces, and more speci?cally to They can be used extensively for
wearable electronic devices that combine speech and hearing impaired disability
muscle activity sensor signals and persons.
inertial sensor signals to provide gesture- Myo has been set up with devices
based control of electronic devices. including an iPhone, iPad, Mac and
Gesture control has come a long way Windows .
since Microsoft released the Kinect in Myo can also controls the
helicopter,vehicles and a Parrot AR.Drone
2010—the first truly mass-market
etc
gesture-control system. With Myo Myo can control features on gadgets
(pronounced “my-oh”), technicians like mobile, ipad, tablet,computer,TV, and
hopes a slew of recently enlisted many more electrical and electronic
developers will take things even further equipment etc
by building apps enabling the device to
do everything from controlling virtual-
reality systems to musical instruments
and gadgets(these ideas, plus the
aforementioned hands-free window-blind
control, were suggested by developers
keen to get their hands on the device).
OBJECTIVES OF PROJECT
The Myo armband interprets the
electrical impulses generated by muscle
movements in your forearm. it needs
neither light nor a camera to operate.
This, coupled with its relatively small
size, could make it easier to use in
darkened rooms or bright sunlight.
Yet the initial use cases being
contemplated -- controlling slides during
a presentation and controlling media on a
television -- can be managed with current
technologies. Presenters continue to
make do with remote controls on stage.
Dealing with media being sent from a
laptop or tablet to a TV presents a more METHODOLOGY
complicated Scenario Myo's gesture It is an armband that monitors electrical
tracking offers some advantages as a way signals in the wearer's arm muscles and
to interact with a computing device that's converts them into roll, pitch, and yaw
across the room.armband work with as (movement along the x, y, and z axes) to
many gadgets as possible. So far, track motion in three dimensions The
Applications: way the Myo works is quite ingenuous,
They can be used in biological there are receptors in the arm band that
sciences. are able to detect the electrical impulses
that pass through individual muscle
groups in the lower arm. Through
extensive study, the movements of the
arm and
hand have been mapped to an extent that
when the user makes a designated hand
or arm movement, the Myo is able to
interpret it and translate it into a digital
response. This unique product has the
potential to revolutionise the overlap
between the digital
world and the real world. Hardware requirement:
PROBLEM FORMULATION Microcontroller- AT89S52
Using this mayo armband You'll be able Flex sensor
to map gestures to commands on your 3D accelerometer
computer just like a keyboard: in a video Power supply
game context, for example, instead of Bluetooth
using your mouse button to fire a gun, RS232
you can use your trigger finger. Or Motor
instead of hitting "R" to reload, you can Software used:
raise your arm and make a physical gun Embedded C
reloading motion. For extra degrees of Kiel IDE
freedom, wear a second Myo on your Proload or flash magic
other arm.also u can control wireless Advantages:
helicopter,home equipment by just Output sensitivity is stable.
moving hand that assigned particular It provides an alternate solution for
symbol for particular device controls dumb and deaf people to interact.
Overview of myo armband Excellent linearity over their dynamic
range
Will provide scope to enhance the
features of various devices.
Low power consumption
accurate detection and positioning
Myo can work with virtual-reality
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MYO headset Oculus Rift and Google Glass
ARMBAND easier to use in darkened rooms or
bright sunligh
Disadvantages:
Complexity of the circuit increases as
the number of sensors increase.
Initial cost is high.
CONCLUSION REFERENCE
To conclude this rather long write up, the 1.R. van Kranenburg, The Internet of
take away points for the Myo armband are: Things: A Critique of Ambient
Technology and the All-Seeing Network
1. Myo armband is a ground breaking of RFID. Institute of Network Cultures,
technology, currently at a very nascent 2008.
but evolving stage 2.R. van Kranenburg, E. Anzelmo, A.
Bassi, D. Caprio, S. Dodson, and M.
2. First of it’s kind to detect
electromyography signals from the Ratto,
muscles and translate those into user “The Internet of things,” in
actions Proceedings of 1st Berlin
Symposium on Internet and
3. Currently the armband is compatible Society, pp. 25-27, 2011.
with: Windows (7 & above using the 3. Y. Li, M. Hou, H. Liu, Y.
included USB bluetooth adapter), Mac Liu,”Towards a theoretical framework
OS X (10.8 & above using the included of strategic
USB bluetooth adapter), Android (4.3
decision, supporting capability and
and above with Bluetooth radio that
supports Bluetooth 4.0) and iOS (7.0 & information sharing under the context
above) of IoT,”
Information Technology and
4. The armband is always ON, so any Management,
moment of the band even when packed 4. L. Tan, and N. Wang, “Future
in the bag consumes battery internet: The Internet of Things,” in
5. The armband needs to be in contact with
Proceedings of
the skin directly and should be worn the 3rd International Conference on
between the wrist and elbow Advanced Computer Theory and
Engineering
6. It requires calibration for every new (ICACTE),
user or when switching between users 5. I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y.
for optimal performance Sankarasubramaniam and E. Cayirci,
7. Myo Market is accessible “A survey
at https://market.myo.com and in on sensor networks”, IEEE Commun
currently in BETA stage with more and 6. United States Patent Application
more plugins added regularly Publication ; Pub. No.: US
2014/0240103
8. Pre-Order your Myo armband A1 Lake et al.; Pub. Date: Aug. 28, 2014
at www.getmyo.com 7. United States Patent Hill et al.; Patent
N0.: US 6,244,873 B1 Date of Patent:
Jun.
12, 2001
WEBSITES
1.WWW.THALMIC.COM
2.WWW.EXTREMETECH.COM
3.SUPPORT.GETMYO.COM
4.WWW.TECHNOLOGYREVIEW.COM
5.WWW.TECHCRUNCH.COM
6WWW.GOOGLE.COM
7.WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM
8.WWW.DIGITALTREND.COM
.