All About Pakistan PDF

Writtin By: ZAHID HUSSAIN MIRANI 0308-2022235
" This is Pakistan "

Very informative post about Pakistan!
●Codes & Standard Time

of Pakistan
Postel code: 5400
Dialing code: 0092/+92
Currency Code: PKR
Standrad Time: +5GMT
(Greenwich Mean Time)
●Geography of Pakistan:
•Continent: Asia
•Region:
Western part of South
Asia (Subcontinent)
•Coordinates :
(Falls In Northren Hemisphere & In Tropic Zone)
" Latitude 23°.35'
and 37°.05' N,
Longitude 60°.55'
and 77°.50' E "
•Borders:
*Total Length:
6,774 km (4,209.2 mi)
*Afghanistan:
in North West
2,252 km (1,399.3 mi)
(Durand line " Henry Mortimer Durand & Abdur Rehman Khan, 1893")
*China:
in North East
585 km (363.5 mi)
*India:
in East
1610 km (1000 mi)
Railway links:
1.Wagah-Atati (Amritsar)
2.Khokharpar(Sindh)
- Maunabao
*Line of Control:
Kashmir Border with
India 740 km (459.8 mi)
*Iran:
in South West
909 km (564.8 mi)
D.I.T In Information Technology
Railway Link:
Koh i Taftan (Station) Dalbandin (Quetta) -
Zahedan (station) Nok Kundi (Iran)
•Coastline:
1,046 km (650 mi)
*Balochistan: 400 mi
(Sonmiani is a famous
town on Balochistan
coastline)
*Sindh: 250 mi
●Population & Area of
Pakistan:
•Population:
Almost 200000000
(2017)
(6th in the world)
(Muslims 96.7%)
*Punjab: (55%)
*Sindh: (23%)
*KPK: (17%)
*Balochistan: (5%)
•Area: 796095 sq.km
(440922.87 sq mi)
(34th in the world)
*Punjab: (25.8%)
205344 sq.km
*Sindh: (18%)
140914 sq.km
*Balochistan: (47%)
347190 sq.km
*KPK: (6.76%)
74521 sq.km
*FATA:
27220 sq.km
*FCA:
906 sq.km
Note: Area of AJK (13297 sq.km) is not included.
*Land Area: 96.9%
*Water Area: 3.1%
*Arable Area: 27.9%
*Agricultaral Area: 35.4%
*Forest Area: 2.4%
●Provinces of Pakistan
(4)
•1. Punjab:
*Established: 1 July 1970
*Governor :
Rafique Rajwana
*Chief Minister:
Shahbaz Sharif
*Area:205,344 sq.km
(79,284 sq mi)
(25.8%)
*Population:
101,391,000
(55%)
*Density : 490/km2
(1,300/sq mi)
*Code : PK-PB
*Seats in National Assembly: 178
*Seats in Provincial Assembly: 371
*Divisions: 9
*Districts: 36
*Tehsils: 139
*Union Councils: 7602
•Sindh:
*Governor: Zuber Ahmed
(02,02,2017)
*Chief Minister:
Murad Ali Shah
*Area : 140914 sq.km
(18%)
* Population: 55,245,497
(23%)
* Density 390/km2
(1,000/sq mi)
*Code: PK-SD
*Devisions: 7
*Districts : 29
*Tehsils : 119
•KPK:
*Governor : Iqbal Zafar
Jhagra (PML(N)
*Chief Minister :
Pervez Khattak (PTI)
*Chief Secretary:
Amjad Ali Khan
*Area: 74,521 sq.km
(6.76%)
*Population
26,896,829
(17%)
*Density : 360/km2
(930/sq mi)
*Area code(s) 9291
*ISO 3166
*Code ; PK-KP
*Seats of National
Assembly: 35
*Provincial Assembly
seats : 124
*Divisions: 7
*Districts: 26
*Tehsils: 60+
Union Councils: 986
•Balochistan:
*Established: 1 Jul 1970
*Governor: Muhammad
Khan Achakzai (PkMAP)
*Chief Minister Sanaullah
Zehri (PML (N)
*Area:
347,190 sq.km
(47%)
*Population:
13,162,222
(5%)
*Code: PK-BA
*National Assembly
Seats: 14
seats: 65
*Divisions: 6
*Districts: 32
*Tehsils: 120+
*Union Councils: 86
●Administrative Division
•Provinces: 4
*1. Punjab
"Divisions 9,
Districts 36,
Tehsils 139"
*2. Sindh
" Divisions 7,
Districts 29,
Tehsils 127
*3. KPK
"Divisions 7,
Districts 26,
Tehsils 60+"
*4.Balochistan
"Divisions 6,
Districts 32,
Tehsils 120+"
*Fedral Capital Territory:
"District 1"
*FATA: (Fedrally
Administered Tribal Area)
"Tribal Agencies 7
Frontier Regions 6"
*Azad Kashmir
"Districts 10"
*Gilgit-Baltistan
"Districts 10"
●Physical Divisions: 5
•1.Thar Desert
•2.Northern Highland
•3.Western Highland
•4. Punjab Plain
•5.Indus Plain (200000
sq.km) and the
Baluchian Plateau.
●Important Mountains of
Pakistan:
•1. Karakoram: (3rd pole)
(means crumbling
rock "Turkish word")
*Length: 500 km (311 mi)
*Width: 240 km
*Average Height 6100 m
*Highest Peaks:
"K-2 (Goodwin Austin)"
8611 m (28250 ft)
"2nd Highest of the world after Mt. Everest(8848 m, Himalaya)"
Note:
1. "K-2 was discovered in 1851 by Henry Godwin Austin (England) "
2. "Firstly ascended on 31 Jul 1954 by Prince Luigi Amedeo, the Duke of Abruzzi (Italy)"
3. "Ashraf Aman 1st Pakistani ascended K-2 on 7 August 1977"
"Gasherburm-I"(K5)
(Hidden Peak)
(Shining Wall)
(Beautifull Mountain)
11th Highest
8080 m 26510 ft
(Gilgit Baltistan-Xinjiang)
" Broad peak" 8060 m
(NamedbyMartin Conway)
12th Highest
"Gasherburm-II (K4)"
( Egyptian Pyramid)
13th Highest
8035 m 26362 ft
Gilgit Baltistan- Xinjiang
"Gasherbrum-4" 7925 m
"Batura peak" 7795 m
"RakaPoshi" (Gilgit) 7788
m (25552 ft)
" Sia- Kangri-I" 7422 m
" Ultar peak" 7388 m
" Passu peak" 7284 m
" Muztagh Tower" 7273 m
" Diran peak" 7273 m
*Countries:
1.Pakistan
2.China
3.India
4. Afganistan
5. Tajikistan
* Karakoram Highway
"Hassan Abdal-Kashgar,
(Xinjiang)"
(1300 km) (1982)
Note:
1. "Tibet in East, Hindu kush in West and Indus River is in South of Karakoram"
2. "Waters of River Hunza and River Gilgit are cosidered boundries between Karakoram and Hindu
kush"
3. "4 peaks higher than 8000 m & more than 20 peaks higher than 7000 m in Karakoram"
4. " Most snow covered Range having 18 Glaciers between 7 to 73 km long "
•2. Himalaya:
*Length: 2,400 km
(1,500 mi)
*Width: 400 km (250 mi)
in the West
&
150 km (93 mi) in the
East.
*Average Hight
1.Great Himalaya 6000 m
2.Lesser Himalaya
3700-4500 m
3. Sub Himalaya
600-1200 m
*Highest Peak
"Nanga Parbat"
(killer mountain)
(Naked mountain)
(Gilgit Baltistan)
8126 m (2660ft)
(2nd Highest in Pakistan)
Note:
Harmann Buhl( Austria) firstly ascended Nanga Parbat on 3 Jul 1953
*Countries:
1.Bhutan
2.India
3.Nepal
4.China
5.Pakistan
*Longest Glacier in Himalaya is Rupals (17.6 km)
* Kaghan is called Pearl
of Himalaya
Note:
1. Indus River is in North of Himalaya and Karakoram is in North of Indus River.
2. Lesser Himalaya is in South of Great Himalaya which called Pir Punjal in Kashmir and Sub
Himalaya (Siwaliks) is further in South of Lesser Himalaya.
3. On entering Pakistan Lesser Himalaya takes a sharp bend towards South-West.
•3. Hindukush:
(Little Pamir)
(Baba Mountains)
(Caucasus Indicus
or
Paropamisadae) in "Ancient Greek"
*Length 800 km (500 mi)
*Width 240 km (150 mi)
*Highest Peaks:
"Tirch Mir"
(near Pak Afghan border)
7692 m (25230 ft)
"Noshaq" 7492 m
*Countries:
1.Pakistan
2.China
3.Afganistan
4.Tajikistan
*History:
Known as center
of Buddhism and latter
on occupied by Islam.
Note:
1. Hindu kush is the continuation of the Karakoram Range
2. Southeren limit is River Ghizer and Hindu kush makes North Western border of Pakistan.
•4. Koi-i-Safad:
(Kurram Agency, North
Wazirstan)
*Highest Peak:
Sikaram
4760 m (15620 ft)
•5.Suliman Range:
*Average Height: 600 m
*Highest Peaks
Takht-e-Saluaiman
3487 m (11440 ft)
(Takatu 3470 m)
•6. Pir Punjal Range:
(India & Kashmir)
*Average Height
5000 meters
"Pir Panjal is the largest range of the Lesser Himalayas, Murree is also situated in this range"
•7. Kirthar Range:
(Barough Hills "Big fat
mountain")
*Average Height:
"Rising from 4,000 ft (1,200 m) in the south to nearly 8,000 ft (2,400 m) in the north"
*Length: 190 mi
(from the Mula River in
East-central Balochistan
to Cape Monze on the
Arabian Sea.)
(Situated both in
Balochistan & Sindh, it
Separates the Indus
plane from Balochistan)
•8. Balochistan Plateau:
"Most dry area of Pakistsn. Average rainfall of the area is between 150 mm to 200 mm only."
*Highest Peak:
Ras Koh 3010 m
•9. Potwar Plateau:
*Area 700 sq.km
*Average Height
300-600 m
•10. Salt Range:
" The most complete
geologic sequence
in the world"
*Highest Peaks
"Sakesar" 1527 m
"Tilla Jogian" 975 m
* Average Height
750-900 m
*Famous for Fire Clay
•11. Kala Chitta Range:
(Attock District)
*Length 72 km
•12. Margalla Hills:
*Highest Peak:
Tilla Chourni
*Area: 12,605 Hectares.
"Famous for Lime"
•13. Wazirstan Hills:
(South of Koh-i-
Safaid)
"Waziristan Hills cover
some 15,000 sq.km
(5,800 sq mi)
14. Kirana Hills
(Black mountain)
(near Sargodha)
"Highest Peak is 300 m"
15. Ras Koh Hills
"Part of the Sulaiman Mountain Range in the Chagai District, situated between Balochistan Platue
and Indus Plains. The word "Ras" means "gateway" and the word "Koh" means "mountain".
Pakistan's first 7 nuclear tests were carried out in the Ras Koh Hills on 28 & 30 May 1998."
16. Siahan Range
(Balochistan)
"The Siahan Range is primarily made up of limestone and sandstone and was formed when the north
western Indian Plate collided with the Eurasian Plate."
17.The Hindu Raj Range:
(In northern Pakistan, between the Hindu Kush and the Karakoram ranges)
*Highest peak:
"Koyo Zom"
6,872 m (22,546 ft)
"Buni Zom"
"Ghamubar Zom"
*Have no peak of 8000 or 7000 meters.
End Notes:
1. Total Peaks in Pakistani area are (82)
2. Pakistan has 7 amongst 16 tallest peaks in Asia.
3. 40 amongst 50 Highest mountains are in Pakistan
4. 5 amongst 14 peaks more than 8000 m are in Pakistan.
5. Mt.Everest was firstly ascended by Edmund Hillary(New Zealand) on 29 May 1953 and by first
Pakistani woman Samina Baig on 19 May 2013.
6. The Pamir (Roof of the World) Is a knot of Mountain ranges of
1.Himalayas
2.Karakoram
3.Hindu Kush
4.Hindu Raj
5. Kunlun
6.Tian Shan
●Mountain Passes in
Pakistan
•1. Babusar Pass
Height 4,175 ft
Connects:
Abbotabad with Gilgit
•2. Badawi Pass:
Connects:
Dir with Kohistan
•3. Barogbil Pass:
Height 12500 ft
Chitral with
Wakhan (Afghanistan)
•4. Bolan Pass:
Height 5,873 ft
(In Suleman Range)
"Connects Sindh Plain with Queta and onward through Chaman with Afganistan"
•5. Dargai Pass:
Mardan with
Malakand
•6. Dorab Pass:
Height 14942 ft
Chitral with Nooristan ( Afghanistan)
•7. Gomal Pass:
DIK with Ghazni
•8. Hispar Pass
Height16,824 ft
Hispar Glacier with Snow Lake
•9. Kalandar Pass
Height 17,130 ft
Ghizer with Gilgit
•10. Karakar Pass
Height 4,383 ft
Buneer with Sawat
•11. Karakoram Pass:
Heights 18290 ft
"An ancient trading route between Kashmir and China"
•12. Khan Kun Pass:
Height 16600 ft
Chitral with
Wakhan
•13. Khojak Pass
(Toba Kakar Range,
Balochistan)
Height 6916 ft
Connects Qila Abdullah
with Chaman
(A link between Quetta & Kandhar)
•14. Khunjerab Pass
Height 15529 ft
Gilgit-Baltistan with China via Karakoram Highway
•15. Khyber Pass
Height 6916 ft
Length 56 km
Pishawar with Kabul
•16. Kilik Pass 15837 ft
Hunza with Gilgit
•17. Lawari Pass
Heights 12179 ft
Dir with Chitral
•18. Malakand Pass:
Pishawar with Chitral
•19. Mintaka Pass
Height: 15,450 ft
Gilgit (Hunza) with
Kashgar (China)
•20. Muztagh Pass:
Height 17790 ft
Baltistan with Yarkand (China)
•21. Peiwar Kotal Pass
Height 8514 ft
Para Chinar with kabul
•22. Shandur Pass
Heights 12,250 ft
Length 1250 ft
Chitral with Gilgit
•23. Thochi Pass
Height 16,420 ft
Ghazni with Bannu
•24. Zagaran Passs:
Height 16,431 ft
Mastuj with Gupis valley
●Tunnels in Pakistan
(5+)
1. Khojak Tunnel
8.75 km (5.45 mi)
2. Kohat Tunnel (Pak-
Japan Friendship
Tunnel), KPK
1.9 km (1.2 mi)
*Construction Started
1999
*Opened to traffic
June 2003
(Road Tunnel)
3.Lowari Tunnel, KPK
10.5 km (6.56 mi.)
Under-construction
(Road tunnel connecting
Dir and Chitral Valley)
4. Warsak Tunnel
5.6 km (3.5 miles)
5. Attaabad Tunnels
"The seven kilometre long five tunnels are part of the 24k m long portion of the Karakorum
Highway which was damaged in 2010 due to land sliding at Attabad which connects Gojal with
Gilgit Baltistan."
●Glaciers in Pakistan:
(57)
1. Siachen Glacier:
(Sakardu)(Karakoram)
75 km (length) & 3.2 km ( width) 21000 ft (Height)
"is the second longest glacier outside of the polar regions and largest in the Pakistan. Claimed by
both India and Pakistan"
•2.The Baltoro Glacier
(Baltistan)
Length 63 km
(2nd Largest of Pakistan)
3.Batura Glacier 55 km
4.Biafo Glacier
(Hunza) 59.5 km
5.Bilafond Glacier
"In the Siachen area
claimed by both Pakistan
and India"
6. Wyeen Glacier
7.Godwin-Austen Glacier
8.Hispar Glacier
(Hunza)
Length 61 km
9.Hussaini Glacier
10.Hoper Glacier
11.Kutia Lungma
Glacier
12.Panmah Glacier
13.Passu Glacier
14.Shandar Glacier
15.Shani Glacier
16.Shireen Maidan Glacier
17. Sim Glacier
18. Sokha Glacier
19. South Barum Glacier
20. Ultar Glacier
21.Upper Tirich Glacier
(Chitral)
22. Vigne Glacier
23. West Vigne Glacier
24. Atrak Glacier
(Chitral)
25. Rupals (17.6 km)
Longest Glacier in
Himalaya
etc.
● Irrigation System etc of
Pakistan.
" Pakistan has constructed further 2 Dams, 5 Barrages and 8 Canals under Indus Basin Treaty,
Karachi ( 19 Sep.1960 Nehru-Ayub) to expand its irrigation system."
•Rivers in Pakistan: 46+
Punjab: 6
1.Jhelum (725 km)
2.Chenab (1087 km)
3.Ravi (765 km)
4.Sutlej (1370 km)
5.Swan (60 km)
(near Rawalpindi)
6. Korang River
(near Rawalpindi)
Note:
1. "Bias River (470 km) ends in the Sutlej River in Indian Punjab before entering into Pakistani
Punjab"
2. "River Indus also enters Punjab from KPK near Kalabagh and then enters in Sindh near
Mithonkot:
Sindh: 5
1. Indus (3180 km)
2. Sutlej (1370 km )
3. Hub
4. Baran
5. Ghaggar hakra
"The Ghaggar-Hakra River is a river in India and Pakistan that flows only during the monsoon
season. The river is known as Ghaggar before the Ottu Barrage (India) and as the Hakra in Sindh
downstream of the barrage."
KPK & FATA: 25+
1. Kabul
2. Swat
3. Gomal
4. Bara
5. Panjkora
6. Kunhar
7. Kurram
8. Hunza Nagar
9. Astor
10. Balram
11. Gar
12. Ghizar
13. Gilgit
14. Panjnad
15. Shingo
16. Shigar
"Also runs through
Baltoro Glacier"
17. Shyok
18. Suru
19. Swaan
20. Tanubal
21. Zanskar
22. Kohat Toi
24. Haro
"Flows through parts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab. Its main valley is in Abbottabad District.
This river joins the Indus River near Ghazi Barotha Dam."
25. Tochi River
Balochistan: 10+
1. Bolan
2. Zhob (Balochistan
Platue)
3. Dusht
4. Pishin
5. Lora
6. Mulla
7. Nari
8. Hingol
9. Rakhshan
10. Pur Ali or Porali River
"It is located at an elevation of 25 meters above sea level.
Pur Ali River is also known as Porali and Porali Nai."
•Lakes: 13+
Punjab: 2
1.Kalar Kahar(Salt Range)
2. Rawal Lake
" Its artificial lake wich provides drinking water to Islamabad and Rawalpindi cities.
Rawal Dam has been constructed on it on the River Korang to store the drinking water."
Sindh: 4
1. Manchhar
(Largest of Pakistan)
2. Hub (artificial lake)
56 km from Karachi
3. Keenjhar (Kalri Lake)
18 km from Thatha
"2nd largest fresh water
lake of Pakistan"
4. Haleji
(District Thatha)
Area 6.58 sq.km
KPK & FATA: 7+
1. Satpara (near Sakardu)
2.Saif-ul-Malook (Kaghan)
3. Lalusar (Naraan)
4. Phandar
(Ghizer valley, " Ghizer
District")
5. Upper Kachura
(Sakardu District)
6. Lower Kachura
(Sakardu District)
7. Tanda Lake
(On River Kohat Toi in
District Kohat)
"Tanda Lake is home to migratory birds from Siberia and the Caspian See during winter."
8. Attabad Lake:
("Ganish" Hunza Valley)
(Hunza River)
*Depth 358 feet (109 m)
"The lake was formed accidently due to a massive sorrowfull landslide at Attabad village in Gilgit-
Baltistan on 4 Jan 2010 when landslide blocked the flow of the Hunza River for five months and
thus created here a new lake."
Balochistan: 2+
1.:Hina (near Queta)
2. Hamun-i-Mashkel
Length 87 km
Width 35 km
•Dams in Pakistan: 150+
Punjab: 2
1. Mangla on River
Jehlum
*1000 MW
* Costruction Began 1961
* Completed 1967
*Length 10,300 feet
(3,140 metres)
*Height 480 feet
(146 metres)
*Reservoir 40 miles
(64 km)
*Surface area 100 sq.mi
(260 sq.km)
*Storage Capacity
5.9 million Acre ft.
2. Rawal Dam on River
Korang
"Provides drinking
water to Islamabad
and Rawalpindi cities."
KPK: 5+
1. Tarbela on River Indus
*3478 MW
*Construction began 1968
*Opening date 1976
*Construction Cost
1.497 Billion USD
*Height 470 ft, 143.26 m
*Length 2,743.2 m
(9,000 ft)
*Reservoir 13.69 cubic km
(3.28 cu mi)
*Surface area 250 sq.km
(97 sq.mi)
*Storage Capacity
9.7 MAF
(Now a Days 6.2 MAF)
2. Diamer-Bhasha on
River Indus
(On border of Gilgit-
Baltistan & KPK)
October 2011
*Opening date 2020 (esti.)
*Construction cost
$14 Billion (2013 esti.)
*Height 272 m (892 ft)
*Reservoir Capacity
10,000,000,000 m3
(8.1 MAF)
*Active capacity
7,900,000,000 m3
(6.4 MAF)
*Installed capacity
4,500 MW
3. Warsak on Kabul
4. Gomal on River Gomal
5. Khanpur on River Haro
In Haripur District
" Provides drinking
water to Islamabad
and Rawalpindi"
6. Tanda Dam:
(On River Kohat Toi &
Tanda Lake, District
Kohat)
7. Sabakzai
Sindh: 1
Hub on River Hub
"Situated on the border of
Sindh and Balochistan"
Balochistan: 3+
1. Hub Dam on Hub
River
* Completed 1981
*Covered Area 24300
Acres
*Gross storage capacity
857000 Acre ft.
"It is situated 56 km from Karachi city in Karachi and Lasbela Districts on Sindh and Balochistan
provinces border. It is the Pakistan's third largest dam. It is an important source that provides the
drinking water to the metropolitan city Karachi.
In 1974, the government of Sindh declared the area around dam as a wildlife sanctuary. The
sanctuary is about 27219 Hectors in size. It also an important habitat of migratory birds."
2. Merani
3. Nari Bolan Dam
•Barrages in Pakistan
( River wise)
*Indus: (7)
1. Sukkur (1932),(Sindh)
Length-1440.20 m
25489 cusecs
7-Canals
2. Jinnah (1946-47)
(Punjab)
"Near Kalabagh and irrigates the area of Thal"
1153.47 m
26905 cusecs
3. Kotri (G. Muh.)(1955)
(Sindh)
909.52 m
24214 cusecs
4- Canals
4. Taunsa (1957) (Punjab)
1324.66 m
28320 cusecs
" irrigates the area of
Muzaffargarh and
D.G.Khan"
5. Guddu (1963),(Sindh)
14583.33 m
33985 cusecs
6. Chashma (1973)
1083.87 m
26905 cusecs
7. Ghazi Brotha (Punjab)
(1,450 MW)
"10 km west of Attock and is under construction"
*Jhelum: (2)
1. Trimmu (1939)
(Punjab)
(Jhelum-Chenab)
922 m
18125 cusecs.
2. Rasul (1968) (Punjab)
*Chenab: (4)
1. Khanki (1892), (Punjab)
1402 m
22656.50 cusecs
2. Marala (1968) (Punjab)
1364 m
31153 cusecs
3. Qadirabad (1968)
(Punjab)
1028 m
25488.50 cusecs
4. Mohammad wala
Headworks (Punjab)
"Near Multan"
*Ravi: (2)
1. Balloki Headworks
(1964-65)
502 m
6372 cusecs
2. Sidhnai Headworks
(1965)
*Sutlej: (4)
1. Sulemanki (1926)
(Punjab)
677.60 m
9204.20 cusecs
2. Islam (1927), (Punjab)
494 m
I946 cusecs
3. Punjnad (1932)
(Punjab)
1036.32 m
19835 cusecs
4. Ferozwala Headworks
*Sawat River: (1)
1.Munda Headworks
(KPK)
•Canals in Pakistan
*The Canals of River
Indus:
"Sindh Sagar Doaba "also called Thal"(Area between River Indus and Jhelum) has one important
canal"
1. Chashma Jhelum Canal
(links Indus-Jhelum)
"Districts of D.G. Khan
and D.I. Khan are
irrigated"
"The canals from Jinnah Barrage near Kalabagh irrigate the desert area of Thal for agricultural
purpose."
*The Canals of River Jhelum:
"Chaj Doab " also called Sandal Bar"(Area between River Chenab and Jhelum) has two important
canals."
1. Upper Jhelum Canal
2. Lower Jhelum Canal.
*The Canals of River Chenab:
"Rachna Doaba (Area between Ravi & Chenab) has two important canals."
1.Upper Chenab Canal
(Head Murala)
2. Lower Chenab Canal
(Head Qadirabad)
3. Sidhnai Canal
(Nearby to Chāh Mānkānwāla and Lashman Chotra)
"The Haveli system of canals is also located in this Doab that comes out from Trimmu Head
Works."
*The Canals of River Ravi:
"Ganji Bari Doab (Area between River Beas and River Ravi) has an important canal."
1.Upper Bari Canal (The
oldest canal of Pakistan
1868)
" It originates at
Madhopur (India) and
Irrigates the area of
Lahore"
2. Lower Bari Canal
3. Baloki-Sulemanki link
Canal (Ravi Sutlij link
canal)
Sutlej:
"Neeli Bari Doab ( Area between Ravi and Sutlej)"
1. Upper Pakpatan Canal
2. Fordwah Canal
3. Eastren Sadiqia Canal
4. Malik Branch Canal
5. Hakara Branch Canal
6. Bahawal Canal
7. Qayum Canal
8. Malisi Canal
9. Abbagia Canal
"There are three Head Works on river Sutlej i.e. Feroze-Wala, Sulaimanki and Islam, whereas fourth
is on the Puhjnad.
These Canals irrigate the area of Nili Bar (area between river Ravi & Sutlej) and Bahawalpur."
•The Canal of River Swat.
1. Upper Sawat Canal
"The Canal from Swat River Irrigates the areas of Peshawar and Malakand."
●Deserts: 5
Punjab: 2
1. Thal
2. Cholestan
"Cholistan Desert is locally known as “Rohi” and covers the area of Bhawalpur, Layyah and other
Punjab"
Sindh: 3
1. Kharan
2. Indian Valley Desert
3. Thar
"Thar Desert is also known as the “Great Indian Desert"
●Nationals of Pakistan
•Flower. Jasmine
(July 1961)
•Bird. Chakor
•Language. Urdu
( Official languages of Pakistan are English and Urdu)
•Animal. Maarkhor
•Game. Hockey & Cricket
•Slogan. Pakistan
zindabad
•Song. National anthem of
Pakistan
"Lyrics,Hafeez Jullundhri, June 1952"
:Music Ahmad G. Chagla, 21 August 1952"
"Adopted and broadcasted on 13 August 1954"
"Duration 1 minute 20 seconds and 21 instruments and 38 saz have been used."
•National Flag. Dark green and white rectangular flag in the proportion of 3-2 length to width.
(It was presented by Liaquat Ali Khan in Constituent Assembly and was adopted on 11 August
1947).
•National Poet: Alama
Muhammad Iqbal.
● National Symbols:
•Amphibian: Indus
Valley toad.
•Animal: Markhor.
•Bird:Chakor (Partridge),
Peregrine Falcon.
•Coat of Arms:
"The national emblem of Pakistan was adopted in 1954. It features the green color of the flag, and
the star and crescent symbols of Islam"
•Fish: Mahasher
•Flag of Pakistan
•Flower: Poet's Jasmine
●Distinctions
•Highest point : K2
8,616.3 m (28,269 ft)
•Lowest point : Arabian
Sea 0 m (0.0 ft)
•Hotest place: Jaccobabad (52.8 C°)
"Although the highest temperature ever recorded in Pakistan is 53.5 °C which was recorded in
Mohenjo-daro, Sindh on 26 May 2010"
•Coldest Place: Ziarat (11 February 2009, −49.0 °C)
•Highest rainfall area:
Murree
•Highest snowfall area:
Sakardu
•Longest river:
Indus River (3180 km)
•Largest lake : Manchhar Lake (24 seq. Km)
"Also largest natural lake of South Asia"
•Largest Seeport: Karachi
" Gawadar another important seeport has become operational since 2008. It was transfered back by
Oman on 8 Sep. 1958 to Pakistan and Strait of Hormuz can be monitored by Gawadar."
•Longest Tunnel: Khojak (1891) (8.75km)
"also the longest tunnel of the Asia"
(Lawari tunnel having length of 10.5km is under construction and will b completed in 2017)
•Largest Desert: Thar
(Sindh)
•Highest City from seelevel:
Murree (7517 feet)
•First Canal:
Upper Bari Canal (1868)
"originates from River Ravi"
•Largest Dam: Tarbela(1976) (3478 MW)
"Diamer Bhasha is under construction its producing capacity will be 4500 MW"
•Longest Glacier: Siachin
(75km)
•Highest Pass:
Karakoram (18290 ft)
•Largest Graveyard:Maalki
"The World’s Largest
Graveyard"
1 km from Thatta
Area 8 KM
Graves 125,000 of local
Rulers, Sufi sSaints and
others.
●Production Ratings of
Pakistan
•Cotton production: 4
•Fruit Production: 5
•Onion production: 7
•Wheat production: 9
•Fish production: 36
●Tectonic Plates wise
Situated:
"Pakistan geologically overlaps both with the Indian and the Eurasian tectonic plates where its Sindh
and Punjab provinces lie on the north-western corner of the Indian plate while Balochistan and most
of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa lie within the Eurasian plate which mainly comprises the Iranian
Plateau.
Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir lie along the edge of the Indian plate and hence are prone to
violent earthquakes where the two tectonic plates collide.
Its western borders include the Khyber Pass and Bolan Pass that have served as traditional migration
routes between Central Eurasia and South Asia."
●Maritime claims:
•Territorial sea:
12 nautical miles
(22 km)
•Contiguous zone:
24 nautical miles (44 km)
•Continental shelf:
200 Nautical Miles
(370 km)
" Recently UNO while accepting Pakistan's application extended it to 350 Nautical Miles
(648.2km)"
•Exclusive economic zone:
350 nautical miles
(648.2 km)
Admin:- Choudhary Ghaffar" This is Pakistan "
Very informative post about Pakistan!
●Codes & Standard Time
of Pakistan
Postel code: 5400
Dialing code: 0092/+92
Currency Code: PKR
Standrad Time: +5GMT
(Greenwich Mean Time)
●Geography of Pakistan:
•Continent: Asia
•Region:
Western part of South
Asia (Subcontinent)
•Coordinates :
(Falls In Northren Hemisphere & In Tropic Zone)
" Latitude 23°.35'
and 37°.05' N,
Longitude 60°.55'
and 77°.50' E "
•Borders:
*Total Length:
6,774 km (4,209.2 mi)
*Afghanistan:
in North West
2,252 km (1,399.3 mi)
(Durand line " Henry Mortimer Durand & Abdur Rehman Khan, 1893")
*China:
in North East
585 km (363.5 mi)
*India:
in East
1610 km (1000 mi)
Railway links:
1.Wagah-Atati (Amritsar)
2.Khokharpar(Sindh)
- Maunabao
*Line of Control:
Kashmir Border with
India 740 km (459.8 mi)
*Iran:
in South West
909 km (564.8 mi)
Railway Link:
Koh i Taftan (Station) Dalbandin (Quetta) -
Zahedan (station) Nok Kundi (Iran)
•Coastline:
1,046 km (650 mi)
*Balochistan: 400 mi
(Sonmiani is a famous
town on Balochistan
coastline)
*Sindh: 250 mi
●Population & Area of
Pakistan:
•Population:
Almost 200000000
(2017)
(6th in the world)
(Muslims 96.7%)
*Punjab: (55%)
*Sindh: (23%)
*KPK: (17%)
*Balochistan: (5%)
•Area: 796095 sq.km
(440922.87 sq mi)
(34th in the world)
*Punjab: (25.8%)
205344 sq.km
*Sindh: (18%)
140914 sq.km
*Balochistan: (47%)
347190 sq.km
*KPK: (6.76%)
74521 sq.km
*FATA:
27220 sq.km
*FCA:
906 sq.km
Note: Area of AJK (13297 sq.km) is not included.
*Land Area: 96.9%
*Water Area: 3.1%
*Arable Area: 27.9%
*Agricultaral Area: 35.4%
*Forest Area: 2.4%
●Provinces of Pakistan
(4)
•1. Punjab:
*Governor :
Rafique Rajwana
*Chief Minister:
Shahbaz Sharif
*Area:205,344 sq.km
(79,284 sq mi)
(25.8%)
*Population:
101,391,000
(55%)
*Density : 490/km2
(1,300/sq mi)
*Code : PK-PB
*Divisions: 9
*Districts: 36
*Tehsils: 139
•Sindh:
*Governor: Zuber Ahmed
(02,02,2017)
*Chief Minister:
Murad Ali Shah
*Area : 140914 sq.km
(18%)
* Population: 55,245,497
(23%)
* Density 390/km2
(1,000/sq mi)
*Code: PK-SD
*Devisions: 7
*Districts : 29
*Tehsils : 119
•KPK:
*Governor : Iqbal Zafar
Jhagra (PML(N)
*Chief Minister :
Pervez Khattak (PTI)
*Chief Secretary:
Amjad Ali Khan
*Area: 74,521 sq.km
(6.76%)
*Population
26,896,829
(17%)
*Density : 360/km2
(930/sq mi)
*Area code(s) 9291
*ISO 3166
*Code ; PK-KP
*Seats of National
Assembly: 35
seats : 124
*Divisions: 7
*Districts: 26
*Tehsils: 60+
Union Councils: 986
•Balochistan:
*Established: 1 Jul 1970
*Governor: Muhammad
Khan Achakzai (PkMAP)
*Chief Minister Sanaullah
Zehri (PML (N)
*Area:
347,190 sq.km
(47%)
*Population:
13,162,222
(5%)
*Code: PK-BA
*National Assembly
Seats: 14
seats: 65
*Divisions: 6
*Districts: 32
*Tehsils: 120+
*Union Councils: 86
●Administrative Division
•Provinces: 4
*1. Punjab
"Divisions 9,
Districts 36,
Tehsils 139"
*2. Sindh
" Divisions 7,
Districts 29,
Tehsils 127
*3. KPK
"Divisions 7,
Districts 26,
Tehsils 60+"
*4.Balochistan
"Divisions 6,
Districts 32,
Tehsils 120+"
*Fedral Capital Territory:
"District 1"
*FATA: (Fedrally
Administered Tribal Area)
"Tribal Agencies 7
Frontier Regions 6"
*Azad Kashmir
"Districts 10"
*Gilgit-Baltistan
"Districts 10"
●Physical Divisions: 5
•1.Thar Desert
•2.Northern Highland
•3.Western Highland
•4. Punjab Plain
•5.Indus Plain (200000
sq.km) and the
Baluchian Plateau.
●Important Mountains of
Pakistan:
•1. Karakoram: (3rd pole)
(means crumbling
rock "Turkish word")
*Length: 500 km (311 mi)
*Width: 240 km
*Highest Peaks:
"K-2 (Goodwin Austin)"
8611 m (28250 ft)
"2nd Highest of the world after Mt. Everest(8848 m, Himalaya)"
Note:
1. "K-2 was discovered in 1851 by Henry Godwin Austin (England) "
2. "Firstly ascended on 31 Jul 1954 by Prince Luigi Amedeo, the Duke of Abruzzi (Italy)"
3. "Ashraf Aman 1st Pakistani ascended K-2 on 7 August 1977"
"Gasherburm-I"(K5)
(Hidden Peak)
(Shining Wall)
(Beautifull Mountain)
11th Highest
8080 m 26510 ft
(Gilgit Baltistan-Xinjiang)
" Broad peak" 8060 m
(NamedbyMartin Conway)
12th Highest
"Gasherburm-II (K4)"
( Egyptian Pyramid)
13th Highest
8035 m 26362 ft
Gilgit Baltistan- Xinjiang
"Gasherbrum-4" 7925 m
"Batura peak" 7795 m
"RakaPoshi" (Gilgit) 7788
m (25552 ft)
" Sia- Kangri-I" 7422 m
" Ultar peak" 7388 m
" Passu peak" 7284 m
" Muztagh Tower" 7273 m
" Diran peak" 7273 m
*Countries:
1.Pakistan
2.China
3.India
4. Afganistan
5. Tajikistan
* Karakoram Highway
"Hassan Abdal-Kashgar,
(Xinjiang)"
(1300 km) (1982)
Note:
1. "Tibet in East, Hindu kush in West and Indus River is in South of Karakoram"
2. "Waters of River Hunza and River Gilgit are cosidered boundries between Karakoram and Hindu
kush"
3. "4 peaks higher than 8000 m & more than 20 peaks higher than 7000 m in Karakoram"
4. " Most snow covered Range having 18 Glaciers between 7 to 73 km long "
•2. Himalaya:
*Length: 2,400 km
(1,500 mi)
*Width: 400 km (250 mi)
in the West
&
150 km (93 mi) in the
East.
*Average Hight
1.Great Himalaya 6000 m
2.Lesser Himalaya
3700-4500 m
3. Sub Himalaya
600-1200 m
*Highest Peak
"Nanga Parbat"
(killer mountain)
(Naked mountain)
(Gilgit Baltistan)
8126 m (2660ft)
(2nd Highest in Pakistan)
Note:
Harmann Buhl( Austria) firstly ascended Nanga Parbat on 3 Jul 1953
*Countries:
1.Bhutan
2.India
3.Nepal
4.China
5.Pakistan
*Longest Glacier in Himalaya is Rupals (17.6 km)
* Kaghan is called Pearl
of Himalaya
Note:
1. Indus River is in North of Himalaya and Karakoram is in North of Indus River.
2. Lesser Himalaya is in South of Great Himalaya which called Pir Punjal in Kashmir and Sub
Himalaya (Siwaliks) is further in South of Lesser Himalaya.
3. On entering Pakistan Lesser Himalaya takes a sharp bend towards South-West.
•3. Hindukush:
(Little Pamir)
(Baba Mountains)
(Caucasus Indicus
or
Paropamisadae) in "Ancient Greek"
*Width 240 km (150 mi)
*Highest Peaks:
"Tirch Mir"
(near Pak Afghan border)
7692 m (25230 ft)
"Noshaq" 7492 m
*Countries:
1.Pakistan
2.China
3.Afganistan
4.Tajikistan
*History:
Known as center
of Buddhism and latter
on occupied by Islam.
Note:
1. Hindu kush is the continuation of the Karakoram Range
2. Southeren limit is River Ghizer and Hindu kush makes North Western border of Pakistan.
•4. Koi-i-Safad:
(Kurram Agency, North
Wazirstan)
*Highest Peak:
Sikaram
4760 m (15620 ft)
•5.Suliman Range:
*Average Height: 600 m
*Highest Peaks
Takht-e-Saluaiman
3487 m (11440 ft)
(Takatu 3470 m)
•6. Pir Punjal Range:
(India & Kashmir)
*Average Height
5000 meters
"Pir Panjal is the largest range of the Lesser Himalayas, Murree is also situated in this range"
•7. Kirthar Range:
(Barough Hills "Big fat
mountain")
*Average Height:
"Rising from 4,000 ft (1,200 m) in the south to nearly 8,000 ft (2,400 m) in the north"
*Length: 190 mi
(from the Mula River in
East-central Balochistan
to Cape Monze on the
Arabian Sea.)
(Situated both in
Balochistan & Sindh, it
Separates the Indus
plane from Balochistan)
•8. Balochistan Plateau:
"Most dry area of Pakistsn. Average rainfall of the area is between 150 mm to 200 mm only."
*Highest Peak:
Ras Koh 3010 m
•9. Potwar Plateau:
*Area 700 sq.km
*Average Height
300-600 m
•10. Salt Range:
" The most complete
geologic sequence
in the world"
*Highest Peaks
"Sakesar" 1527 m
"Tilla Jogian" 975 m
* Average Height
750-900 m
*Famous for Fire Clay
•11. Kala Chitta Range:
(Attock District)
*Length 72 km
•12. Margalla Hills:
*Highest Peak:
Tilla Chourni
*Area: 12,605 Hectares.
"Famous for Lime"
•13. Wazirstan Hills:
(South of Koh-i-
Safaid)
"Waziristan Hills cover
some 15,000 sq.km
(5,800 sq mi)
14. Kirana Hills
(Black mountain)
(near Sargodha)
"Highest Peak is 300 m"
15. Ras Koh Hills
"Part of the Sulaiman Mountain Range in the Chagai District, situated between Balochistan Platue
and Indus Plains. The word "Ras" means "gateway" and the word "Koh" means "mountain".
Pakistan's first 7 nuclear tests were carried out in the Ras Koh Hills on 28 & 30 May 1998."
16. Siahan Range
(Balochistan)
"The Siahan Range is primarily made up of limestone and sandstone and was formed when the north
western Indian Plate collided with the Eurasian Plate."
17.The Hindu Raj Range:
(In northern Pakistan, between the Hindu Kush and the Karakoram ranges)
*Highest peak:
"Koyo Zom"
6,872 m (22,546 ft)
"Buni Zom"
"Ghamubar Zom"
*Have no peak of 8000 or 7000 meters.
End Notes:
1. Total Peaks in Pakistani area are (82)
2. Pakistan has 7 amongst 16 tallest peaks in Asia.
3. 40 amongst 50 Highest mountains are in Pakistan
4. 5 amongst 14 peaks more than 8000 m are in Pakistan.
5. Mt.Everest was firstly ascended by Edmund Hillary(New Zealand) on 29 May 1953 and by first
Pakistani woman Samina Baig on 19 May 2013.
6. The Pamir (Roof of the World) Is a knot of Mountain ranges of
1.Himalayas
2.Karakoram
3.Hindu Kush
4.Hindu Raj
5. Kunlun
6.Tian Shan
●Mountain Passes in
Pakistan
•1. Babusar Pass
Height 4,175 ft
Connects:
Abbotabad with Gilgit
•2. Badawi Pass:
Connects:
Dir with Kohistan
•3. Barogbil Pass:
Height 12500 ft
Chitral with
Wakhan (Afghanistan)
•4. Bolan Pass:
Height 5,873 ft
(In Suleman Range)
"Connects Sindh Plain with Queta and onward through Chaman with Afganistan"
•5. Dargai Pass:
Mardan with
Malakand
•6. Dorab Pass:
Height 14942 ft
Chitral with Nooristan ( Afghanistan)
•7. Gomal Pass:
DIK with Ghazni
•8. Hispar Pass
Height16,824 ft
Hispar Glacier with Snow Lake
•9. Kalandar Pass
Height 17,130 ft
Ghizer with Gilgit
•10. Karakar Pass
Height 4,383 ft
Buneer with Sawat
•11. Karakoram Pass:
Heights 18290 ft
"An ancient trading route between Kashmir and China"
•12. Khan Kun Pass:
Height 16600 ft
Chitral with
Wakhan
•13. Khojak Pass
(Toba Kakar Range,
Balochistan)
Height 6916 ft
Connects Qila Abdullah
with Chaman
(A link between Quetta & Kandhar)
•14. Khunjerab Pass
Height 15529 ft
Gilgit-Baltistan with China via Karakoram Highway
•15. Khyber Pass
Height 6916 ft
Length 56 km
Pishawar with Kabul
•16. Kilik Pass 15837 ft
Hunza with Gilgit
•17. Lawari Pass
Heights 12179 ft
Dir with Chitral
•18. Malakand Pass:
Pishawar with Chitral
•19. Mintaka Pass
Height: 15,450 ft
Gilgit (Hunza) with
Kashgar (China)
•20. Muztagh Pass:
Height 17790 ft
Baltistan with Yarkand (China)
•21. Peiwar Kotal Pass
Height 8514 ft
Para Chinar with kabul
•22. Shandur Pass
Heights 12,250 ft
Length 1250 ft
Chitral with Gilgit
•23. Thochi Pass
Height 16,420 ft
Ghazni with Bannu
•24. Zagaran Passs:
Height 16,431 ft
Mastuj with Gupis valley
●Tunnels in Pakistan
(5+)
1. Khojak Tunnel
8.75 km (5.45 mi)
2. Kohat Tunnel (Pak-
Japan Friendship
Tunnel), KPK
1.9 km (1.2 mi)
*Construction Started
1999
*Opened to traffic
June 2003
(Road Tunnel)
3.Lowari Tunnel, KPK
10.5 km (6.56 mi.)
Under-construction
(Road tunnel connecting
Dir and Chitral Valley)
4. Warsak Tunnel
5.6 km (3.5 miles)
5. Attaabad Tunnels
"The seven kilometre long five tunnels are part of the 24k m long portion of the Karakorum
Highway which was damaged in 2010 due to land sliding at Attabad which connects Gojal with
Gilgit Baltistan."
●Glaciers in Pakistan:
(57)
1. Siachen Glacier:
(Sakardu)(Karakoram)
75 km (length) & 3.2 km ( width) 21000 ft (Height)
"is the second longest glacier outside of the polar regions and largest in the Pakistan. Claimed by
both India and Pakistan"
•2.The Baltoro Glacier
(Baltistan)
Length 63 km
(2nd Largest of Pakistan)
3.Batura Glacier 55 km
4.Biafo Glacier
(Hunza) 59.5 km
5.Bilafond Glacier
"In the Siachen area
claimed by both Pakistan
and India"
6. Wyeen Glacier
7.Godwin-Austen Glacier
8.Hispar Glacier
(Hunza)
Length 61 km
9.Hussaini Glacier
10.Hoper Glacier
11.Kutia Lungma
Glacier
12.Panmah Glacier
13.Passu Glacier
14.Shandar Glacier
15.Shani Glacier
16.Shireen Maidan Glacier
17. Sim Glacier
18. Sokha Glacier
19. South Barum Glacier
20. Ultar Glacier
21.Upper Tirich Glacier
(Chitral)
22. Vigne Glacier
23. West Vigne Glacier
24. Atrak Glacier
(Chitral)
25. Rupals (17.6 km)
Longest Glacier in
Himalaya
etc.
● Irrigation System etc of
Pakistan.
" Pakistan has constructed further 2 Dams, 5 Barrages and 8 Canals under Indus Basin Treaty,
Karachi ( 19 Sep.1960 Nehru-Ayub) to expand its irrigation system."
•Rivers in Pakistan: 46+
Punjab: 6
1.Jhelum (725 km)
2.Chenab (1087 km)
3.Ravi (765 km)
4.Sutlej (1370 km)
5.Swan (60 km)
(near Rawalpindi)
6. Korang River
(near Rawalpindi)
Note:
1. "Bias River (470 km) ends in the Sutlej River in Indian Punjab before entering into Pakistani
Punjab"
2. "River Indus also enters Punjab from KPK near Kalabagh and then enters in Sindh near
Mithonkot:
Sindh: 5
1. Indus (3180 km)
2. Sutlej (1370 km )
3. Hub
4. Baran
5. Ghaggar hakra
"The Ghaggar-Hakra River is a river in India and Pakistan that flows only during the monsoon
season. The river is known as Ghaggar before the Ottu Barrage (India) and as the Hakra in Sindh
downstream of the barrage."
KPK & FATA: 25+
1. Kabul
2. Swat
3. Gomal
4. Bara
5. Panjkora
6. Kunhar
7. Kurram
8. Hunza Nagar
9. Astor
10. Balram
11. Gar
12. Ghizar
13. Gilgit
14. Panjnad
15. Shingo
16. Shigar
"Also runs through
Baltoro Glacier"
17. Shyok
18. Suru
19. Swaan
20. Tanubal
21. Zanskar
22. Kohat Toi
24. Haro
"Flows through parts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab. Its main valley is in Abbottabad District.
This river joins the Indus River near Ghazi Barotha Dam."
25. Tochi River
Balochistan: 10+
1. Bolan
2. Zhob (Balochistan
Platue)
3. Dusht
4. Pishin
5. Lora
6. Mulla
7. Nari
8. Hingol
9. Rakhshan
10. Pur Ali or Porali River
"It is located at an elevation of 25 meters above sea level.
Pur Ali River is also known as Porali and Porali Nai."
•Lakes: 13+
Punjab: 2
1.Kalar Kahar(Salt Range)
2. Rawal Lake
" Its artificial lake wich provides drinking water to Islamabad and Rawalpindi cities.
Rawal Dam has been constructed on it on the River Korang to store the drinking water."
Sindh: 4
1. Manchhar
(Largest of Pakistan)
2. Hub (artificial lake)
56 km from Karachi
3. Keenjhar (Kalri Lake)
18 km from Thatha
"2nd largest fresh water
lake of Pakistan"
4. Haleji
(District Thatha)
Area 6.58 sq.km
KPK & FATA: 7+
1. Satpara (near Sakardu)
2.Saif-ul-Malook (Kaghan)
3. Lalusar (Naraan)
4. Phandar
(Ghizer valley, " Ghizer
District")
5. Upper Kachura
(Sakardu District)
6. Lower Kachura
(Sakardu District)
7. Tanda Lake
(On River Kohat Toi in
District Kohat)
"Tanda Lake is home to migratory birds from Siberia and the Caspian See during winter."
8. Attabad Lake:
("Ganish" Hunza Valley)
(Hunza River)
*Depth 358 feet (109 m)
"The lake was formed accidently due to a massive sorrowfull landslide at Attabad village in Gilgit-
Baltistan on 4 Jan 2010 when landslide blocked the flow of the Hunza River for five months and
thus created here a new lake."
Balochistan: 2+
1.:Hina (near Queta)
2. Hamun-i-Mashkel
Length 87 km
Width 35 km
•Dams in Pakistan: 150+
Punjab: 2
1. Mangla on River
Jehlum
*1000 MW
* Costruction Began 1961
* Completed 1967
*Length 10,300 feet
(3,140 metres)
*Height 480 feet
(146 metres)
*Reservoir 40 miles
(64 km)
*Surface area 100 sq.mi
(260 sq.km)
*Storage Capacity
5.9 million Acre ft.
2. Rawal Dam on River
Korang
"Provides drinking
water to Islamabad
and Rawalpindi cities."
KPK: 5+
1. Tarbela on River Indus
*3478 MW
*Opening date 1976
*Construction Cost
1.497 Billion USD
*Height 470 ft, 143.26 m
*Length 2,743.2 m
(9,000 ft)
*Reservoir 13.69 cubic km
(3.28 cu mi)
*Surface area 250 sq.km
(97 sq.mi)
*Storage Capacity
9.7 MAF
(Now a Days 6.2 MAF)
2. Diamer-Bhasha on
River Indus
(On border of Gilgit-
Baltistan & KPK)
October 2011
*Opening date 2020 (esti.)
*Construction cost
$14 Billion (2013 esti.)
*Height 272 m (892 ft)
*Reservoir Capacity
10,000,000,000 m3
(8.1 MAF)
*Active capacity
7,900,000,000 m3
(6.4 MAF)
*Installed capacity
4,500 MW
3. Warsak on Kabul
4. Gomal on River Gomal
5. Khanpur on River Haro
In Haripur District
" Provides drinking
water to Islamabad
and Rawalpindi"
6. Tanda Dam:
(On River Kohat Toi &
Tanda Lake, District
Kohat)
7. Sabakzai
Sindh: 1
Hub on River Hub
"Situated on the border of
Sindh and Balochistan"
Balochistan: 3+
1. Hub Dam on Hub
River
* Completed 1981
*Covered Area 24300
Acres
*Gross storage capacity
857000 Acre ft.
"It is situated 56 km from Karachi city in Karachi and Lasbela Districts on Sindh and Balochistan
provinces border. It is the Pakistan's third largest dam. It is an important source that provides the
drinking water to the metropolitan city Karachi.
In 1974, the government of Sindh declared the area around dam as a wildlife sanctuary. The
sanctuary is about 27219 Hectors in size. It also an important habitat of migratory birds."
2. Merani
3. Nari Bolan Dam
•Barrages in Pakistan
( River wise)
*Indus: (7)
1. Sukkur (1932),(Sindh)
Length-1440.20 m
25489 cusecs
7-Canals
2. Jinnah (1946-47)
(Punjab)
"Near Kalabagh and irrigates the area of Thal"
1153.47 m
26905 cusecs
3. Kotri (G. Muh.)(1955)
(Sindh)
909.52 m
24214 cusecs
4- Canals
4. Taunsa (1957) (Punjab)
1324.66 m
28320 cusecs
" irrigates the area of
Muzaffargarh and
D.G.Khan"
5. Guddu (1963),(Sindh)
14583.33 m
33985 cusecs
6. Chashma (1973)
1083.87 m
26905 cusecs
7. Ghazi Brotha (Punjab)
(1,450 MW)
"10 km west of Attock and is under construction"
*Jhelum: (2)
1. Trimmu (1939)
(Punjab)
(Jhelum-Chenab)
922 m
18125 cusecs.
2. Rasul (1968) (Punjab)
*Chenab: (4)
1. Khanki (1892), (Punjab)
1402 m
22656.50 cusecs
2. Marala (1968) (Punjab)
1364 m
31153 cusecs
3. Qadirabad (1968)
(Punjab)
1028 m
25488.50 cusecs
4. Mohammad wala
Headworks (Punjab)
"Near Multan"
*Ravi: (2)
1. Balloki Headworks
(1964-65)
502 m
6372 cusecs
2. Sidhnai Headworks
(1965)
*Sutlej: (4)
1. Sulemanki (1926)
(Punjab)
677.60 m
9204.20 cusecs
2. Islam (1927), (Punjab)
494 m
I946 cusecs
3. Punjnad (1932)
(Punjab)
1036.32 m
19835 cusecs
4. Ferozwala Headworks
*Sawat River: (1)
1.Munda Headworks
(KPK)
•Canals in Pakistan
Indus:
"Sindh Sagar Doaba "also called Thal"(Area between River Indus and Jhelum) has one important
canal"
1. Chashma Jhelum Canal
(links Indus-Jhelum)
"Districts of D.G. Khan
and D.I. Khan are
irrigated"
"The canals from Jinnah Barrage near Kalabagh irrigate the desert area of Thal for agricultural
purpose."
*The Canals of River Jhelum:
"Chaj Doab " also called Sandal Bar"(Area between River Chenab and Jhelum) has two important
canals."
1. Upper Jhelum Canal
2. Lower Jhelum Canal.
*The Canals of River Chenab:
"Rachna Doaba (Area between Ravi & Chenab) has two important canals."
1.Upper Chenab Canal
(Head Murala)
2. Lower Chenab Canal
(Head Qadirabad)
3. Sidhnai Canal
(Nearby to Chāh Mānkānwāla and Lashman Chotra)
"The Haveli system of canals is also located in this Doab that comes out from Trimmu Head
Works."
*The Canals of River Ravi:
"Ganji Bari Doab (Area between River Beas and River Ravi) has an important canal."
1.Upper Bari Canal (The
oldest canal of Pakistan
1868)
" It originates at
Madhopur (India) and
Irrigates the area of
Lahore"
2. Lower Bari Canal
3. Baloki-Sulemanki link
Canal (Ravi Sutlij link
canal)
Sutlej:
"Neeli Bari Doab ( Area between Ravi and Sutlej)"
1. Upper Pakpatan Canal
2. Fordwah Canal
3. Eastren Sadiqia Canal
4. Malik Branch Canal
5. Hakara Branch Canal
6. Bahawal Canal
7. Qayum Canal
8. Malisi Canal
9. Abbagia Canal
"There are three Head Works on river Sutlej i.e. Feroze-Wala, Sulaimanki and Islam, whereas fourth
is on the Puhjnad.
These Canals irrigate the area of Nili Bar (area between river Ravi & Sutlej) and Bahawalpur."
•The Canal of River Swat.
1. Upper Sawat Canal
"The Canal from Swat River Irrigates the areas of Peshawar and Malakand."
●Deserts: 5
Punjab: 2
1. Thal
2. Cholestan
"Cholistan Desert is locally known as “Rohi” and covers the area of Bhawalpur, Layyah and other
Punjab"
Sindh: 3
1. Kharan
2. Indian Valley Desert
3. Thar
"Thar Desert is also known as the “Great Indian Desert"
●Nationals of Pakistan
•Flower. Jasmine
(July 1961)
•Bird. Chakor
•Language. Urdu
( Official languages of Pakistan are English and Urdu)
•Animal. Maarkhor
•Game. Hockey & Cricket
•Slogan. Pakistan
zindabad
•Song. National anthem of
Pakistan
"Lyrics,Hafeez Jullundhri, June 1952"
:Music Ahmad G. Chagla, 21 August 1952"
"Adopted and broadcasted on 13 August 1954"
"Duration 1 minute 20 seconds and 21 instruments and 38 saz have been used."
•National Flag. Dark green and white rectangular flag in the proportion of 3-2 length to width.
(It was presented by Liaquat Ali Khan in Constituent Assembly and was adopted on 11 August
1947).
•National Poet: Alama
Muhammad Iqbal.
● National Symbols:
•Amphibian: Indus
Valley toad.
•Animal: Markhor.
•Bird:Chakor (Partridge),
Peregrine Falcon.
•Coat of Arms:
"The national emblem of Pakistan was adopted in 1954. It features the green color of the flag, and
the star and crescent symbols of Islam"
•Fish: Mahasher
•Flag of Pakistan
•Flower: Poet's Jasmine
●Distinctions
•Highest point : K2
8,616.3 m (28,269 ft)
•Lowest point : Arabian
Sea 0 m (0.0 ft)
•Hotest place: Jaccobabad (52.8 C°)
"Although the highest temperature ever recorded in Pakistan is 53.5 °C which was recorded in
Mohenjo-daro, Sindh on 26 May 2010"
•Coldest Place: Ziarat (11 February 2009, −49.0 °C)
•Highest rainfall area:
Murree
•Highest snowfall area:
Sakardu
•Longest river:
Indus River (3180 km)
•Largest lake : Manchhar Lake (24 seq. Km)
"Also largest natural lake of South Asia"
•Largest Seeport: Karachi
" Gawadar another important seeport has become operational since 2008. It was transfered back by
Oman on 8 Sep. 1958 to Pakistan and Strait of Hormuz can be monitored by Gawadar."
•Longest Tunnel: Khojak (1891) (8.75km)
"also the longest tunnel of the Asia"
(Lawari tunnel having length of 10.5km is under construction and will b completed in 2017)
•Largest Desert: Thar
(Sindh)
•Highest City from seelevel:
Murree (7517 feet)
•First Canal:
Upper Bari Canal (1868)
"originates from River Ravi"
•Largest Dam: Tarbela(1976) (3478 MW)
"Diamer Bhasha is under construction its producing capacity will be 4500 MW"
•Longest Glacier: Siachin
(75km)
•Highest Pass:
Karakoram (18290 ft)
•Largest Graveyard:Maalki
"The World’s Largest
Graveyard"
1 km from Thatta
Area 8 KM
Graves 125,000 of local
Rulers, Sufi sSaints and
others.
●Production Ratings of
Pakistan
•Cotton production: 4
•Fruit Production: 5
•Onion production: 7
•Wheat production: 9
•Fish production: 36
●Tectonic Plates wise
Situated:
"Pakistan geologically overlaps both with the Indian and the Eurasian tectonic plates where its Sindh
and Punjab provinces lie on the north-western corner of the Indian plate while Balochistan and most
of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa lie within the Eurasian plate which mainly comprises the Iranian
Plateau.
Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir lie along the edge of the Indian plate and hence are prone to
violent earthquakes where the two tectonic plates collide.

Its western borders include the Khyber Pass and Bolan Pass that have served as traditional migration
routes between Central Eurasia and South Asia."
●Maritime claims:
•Territorial sea:
12 nautical miles
(22 km)
•Contiguous zone:
24 nautical miles (44 km)
•Continental shelf:
200 Nautical Miles
(370 km)
" Recently UNO while accepting Pakistan's application extended it to 350 Nautical Miles
(648.2km)"
•Exclusive economic zone:
350 nautical miles
(648.2 km)

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Writtin By: ZAHID HUSSAIN MIRANI 0308-2022235

" This is Pakistan "

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