LABORATORY WORK BOOK

Electrical Machines

Department of Electronic Engineering

Lahore College for Women University, Lahore
Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

CONTENTS

Sr.
Experiment Name
No.
Record the no load voltage generated by a DC generator under
1
constant speed and separate excitation.
Record the magnetization characteristics of a generator with series
2
excitation.
3 Record of external characteristics of spark excitation D.C generator.
4 Record of the regulation characteristics of separate excitation D.C
generator
Record of the external characteristics of D.C shunt excitation
5 generator

6 Record of the external characteristics of D.C series generator

7 Record of the external characteristics of the short shunt dynamo
Record the external characteristics of the different compound
8
generator
Record the magnetization characteristics of 3 phase alternator (No.
9
Load test
10 Record the permanent short –characteristics of 3 phase alternator
Record the voltage variation at the alternator terminals for different
11
load
Determine the mechanical and Iron loses of the dynamo by means of
12 switches, s method.
The dynamo operates as no load motor.
Start the motor with separate excitations. Record the operation
13
characteristic of motor.
Start the motor (D.C) with shunt excitation
14
Record the operation characteristic of the motor

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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment No.1

Purpose: -

Record the no load voltage generated by a DC generator under constant

speed and separate excitation.

Components

D.C compound Motor/Shunt generator set.

• D.C compound Motor 4 point, starter an control board.
• D.C volt and ammeter on control panel excitation.
• D.C supply 0~230v D.C for separate excitation.
• Optical Tachometer
• Supply leads.

Electrical Circuit Diagram

Procedure

• Connect the D.C compound Motor to 4 point starter on the control

board
• Connect the D.C generator armature winding to the generator terminal
on control panel
• Connect the D.C generator field winding to D.C field excitation
regulator terminal on the control panel
• And set the regulator knob at zero position
• Switch on the main circuit breaker on the panel
• Switch on the D.C main circuit breaker and 4 point starter supply switch
and start the motor
• Record the speed by tachometer
• Record the magnetization characteristic by measuring the voltage "V"
delivered of the value of excitation current 'Ie' obtained by acting on the
control knob and shown in the table
• A first measurement with increasing current and with decreasing
current to see the magnetic hysteretic effect on terminal voltage.
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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment – 2

Purpose

Record the magnetization characteristics of a generator with series excitation.

Components

• D.C shunt motor I D.C series motor set

• D.C 3 point starter an control panel
• D.C voltmeter and ammeter on control panel
• D.C supply 0~230v D.C for series field excitation
• Optical Tachometer
• Supply leads

Electrical Circuit Diagram

Procedure

• Connect the D.C shunt Motor to 3 point starter on the control panel
• Connect the D.C series generator armature winding to the series
generator terminal on control panel
• Connect the D.C field (series) winding to D.C field excitation regulator
terminal on the control panel and set the regulator knob at zero position
• Switch on the main circuit breaker on the panel
• Switch on the D.C main circuit breaker and 3 point switch to the on
position Start the motor with help of 3 point motor starter and record
the speed by Tachometer
• Record the magnetizing characteristics by measuring the voltage 'V'
delivered by the generator in correspondence acting on the control
knob and shown in table
• A first measurement with increasing current and de with decreasing
current to see the magnetic hysteretic effect on terminal voltage.

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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment - 3

Purpose

Record of external characteristics of spark excitation D.C generator

Components

• D.C compound motor I D.C shunt generator set

• D.C Compound motor 4 point starter on control panel
• D.C volt and ammeter on control panel
• D.C supply 0~230v D.C for separate excitation
• Optical Tachometer
• Supply leads
• Resistance load

Electrical Circuit Diagram

Procedure
• Connect the D.C compound Motor to 4 point starter on the control
panel.
• Connect the D.C generator armature winding to the
generator terminals on control panel.
• Connect the D.C generator field winding to D.C field excitation
regulator terminal on the control panel and set the regulator at zero
position.
• Switch on the main circuit breaker.
• Switch on the D.C main circuit breaker and 4 point supply switch to the
on position.
• Start the motor with the help of 4 point starter.
• Record the speed of generator by tachometer
• Set the field current' I.e.' of D. C generator 0.4 'A' and record the
terminal voltage no load voltage
• Measure the voltage for every value of the load current delivered by the
generator, obtained by suitably adjusting the selector switches s1,s2,s3
and s4 and record the readings in the table

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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment – 4

Purpose
!
Record of the regulation characteristics of separate excitation D.C generator

Components

• D.C compound motor / D.C shunt generator set

• D.C compound motor 4 point starter control panel
• D.C volt and ammeter on control panel
• D.C supply 0~ 23v D.C for separate excitation
• Resistance load

Electrical Circuit Diagram

Procedure
• Connect the D.C compound Motor to 4 point starter on the control
panel
• Connect the D.C generator armature winding to the generator terminals
on control panel
• Connect the D.C generator field winding to D.C field excitation on the
control panel and set the regulator at zero position.
• Switch on the main circuit breaker.
• Switch on the D.C main circuit breaker and 4 point supply switch in
ON position Start the motor with the help of 4 point starter.
• Record the speed of generator by tachometer.
• Record the regulation characteristics by measuring the excitation
current that is necessary to keep the voltage at the generator terminal
constant as in function of the load current.
• With null load (e=0) adjust the excitation in current 'Ie' in such a way
that the delivered voltage is equal, to V=200V.
• Connect the load step by step and keep the terminal voltage constant
by varying the field current.
• Record the recordings in the table.
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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment – 5

Purpose

Record of the external characteristics of D.C shunt excitation generator.

Components

• D.C compound motor / D.C shunt generator set

• D.C Compound motor starter 4 point on control panel
• D.C volt meter / ammeter in the control panel
• Optical Tachometer
• Resistance load

Electrical Circuit Diagram

Procedure

• Connect the D.C compound Motor to 4 point starter on the control

panel
• Connect the D.C generator armature winding to the generator terminals
on control panel
• Connect the D.C generator field winding to the armature terminal A1 to
F1 and A2 to F2
• Switch on the D.C main "C" "B" 4 point supply switch on the control
panel Start the motor with the help of 4 point starter
• Record the speed of generator by tachometer
• Record the external characteristics generator by measuring the voltage
'V' at the terminals as a function of load current
• Connect the load resistance step by step suitably adjusting the selector
switch S 1, S2, S3 and S4
• Record the recordings in the table
• After completing experiment all the circuit breaker and switch turn off

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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment – 6

Purpose

Record of the external characteristics of D.C series generator

Components

• D.C compound motor / D.C series generator set

• D.C Compound motor starter 4 point on the control panel
• D.C volt meter and ammeter on control panel
• Optical Tachometer
• Resistance load
•
Electrical Circuit Diagram

procedure

• Connect the D.C compound Motor to the 4 point starter on the control
panel
• Connect the D.C series generator terminal on the control panel
• Switch on the main A.C supply C.B
• Switch on the D.C main CB and 4 point 3upply switch in on the control
panel
• Start the motor with the help of 4 point starter
• Record the speed of generator by tachometer
• Record the external characteristics of the generator by measuring the
voltage 'V' at the terminals as the function of the load current I
• Connect the load resistance on the panel terminal and increase the
load step by step
• Record the recordings in the table
• After completing the experiment turn OFF all switch and circuit breaker

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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment – 7

Purpose

Record of the external characteristics of the short shunt dynamo

Components

• D.C shunt motor / D.C compound generator set .

• D.C Compound motor starter 3 point on the panel .
• D.C volt ammeter on the control panel
• Optical Tachometer
• Resistance load (Resistive load)
• Supply leads

Electrical circuit diagram

procedure

• Connect the D.C compound generator terminal on the control panel

• Connect the D.C compound generator terminal on the control panel
• Connect the resistive load on the control panel to load terminal
• Switch on the main A.C supply C.B
• Switch on the D.C main "CB" and 3 point starter supply switch on the
control panel
• Start the motor with the help of 3 point starter
• Record the speed of generator by tachometer
• Record the external characteristics of the generator by measuring the
voltage 'V' at the terminals and the shunt excitation current as a
function of the load current I. Measure terminal voltage 'V' at no load.
• Switch on the load starter switch and increase the load step by step
• Record the readings and fill the table
• After completing experiment turn OFF all the switch and circuit breaker
.

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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment - 8
Purpose

Record the external characteristics of the different compound generator

Components

• D.C shunt motor / D.C compound generator set

• D.C shunt motor 3 point starter on the control panel
• D.C volt meter I ammeter on the control panel
• Optical Tachometer
• Resistance load (Resistance load)
• Supply leads

Electrical Circuit Diagram

Procedure
• Connect the D.C shunt motor to 3 point starter on the control panel
• Connect the D.C compound generator terminal on the control panel
and change the polarity of series winding
• Connect the resistive load on the control panel
• Switch on the main A.C supply C.B
• Switch on the D.C main "CB" and 3 point starter
• Record the speed of generator by tachometer
• Record now external characteristics with different series excitation
current Ie as a function of the load current I.
• Measure terminal voltage as no load.
• Switch on the load selector switch and increase the load step by step
• Record the readings and fill the table
• After completing experiment OFF all the switch and circuit breaker

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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment - 9

Purpose

Record the magnetization characteristics of the 3 phase alternator (No. Load

test)

Components

• D.C shunt machine I 3phase alternator

• D.C shunt motor shatter 3 point starter on the panel
• D.C / A.C voltmeter I ammeter on the control panel
• Optical Tachometer
• Supply leads

Electrical circuit diagram

Procedure

• Connect the D.C motor to the 3 point starter on the panel

• Connect the alternator field wind on the panel to field excitation
terminal and set the regulator to zero position
• Connect the alternator terminal U,V W to A,B,C phase tern1inal on the
panel Switch on the main A.C supply C-B
• Switch on the D.C main ‘CB" and 3 point starter switch to ON position
• Starter the motor with the help of point starter
• Record the speed of alternator by tachometer
• Record the magnetization characteristics finally by measuring the
voltage 'V' delivered by the alternator at constant rated speed in
correspondence of the values of the excitation current le

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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

• Record the reading and fill the table

• After completing the experiment turn OFF all the switch and circuit
breaker

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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment -10

Purpose

Record the permanent short-circuit characteristics of 3 phase alternator

Components

• D.C compound motor /3 phase alternator set

• D.C 4 point starter on the control panel
• D.C / A.C volt / ammeter on the control panel
• D.C supply 0~230V D.C on the control panel
• Optical Tachometer
• Supply leads

Electrical Circuit Diagram

Procedure

• Connect the D.C motor to the 4 point starter on the panel

• Connect the alternator field wind on the panel to field excitation
terminal and set the regulator to zero position.
• The alternator terminal U, V, W through short
• Switch on the main A.C supply C.B
• Switch on the D.C main and 4 point starter switch to on position
• Start the motor with the help of 4 point starter
• Record the speed of generator by tachometer
• For rated speed of alternator current the motor field wind to field
regulator terminal and set to 0-4 A current and run the alternator at
rated speed.
• Start to excite the alternator with the variable voltage 0-60V so to
carryout the values of the excitation .current le delivered from the short
circuit armature Record the readings and fill the table
• After completing experiment turn OFF all the switch and circuit breaker
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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment - 11

Purpose

Record the voltage variation at the alternator terminals for different load.

Components

• D.C compound motor /3 phase alternator set

• D.C compound 4 point starter on the panel
• D.C / A.C volt / ammeter on the control panel
• D.C supply 0-220V on control panel
• Optical Tachometer
• Resister loads

Electrical Circuit Diagram

Procedure

• Connect the D.C motor to 4 point starter on the panel

• Connect the motor field wind to the field regulator on panel board and
set current 4A
• Connect the alternator field wind to the regulator on the control panel
and set it zero position
• Connect the 3 phase supply terminal on the constant penal A, B, C
terminal
• Switch on the main A.C supply C-B
• Switch on the D.C main and 4 point starter switch to ON position
• Start the motor with the help of 4 point starter
Record the rated speed of alternator by adjusting the regulator D.C
motor field tachometer
• Excite the alternator with the variable voltage 0-220V. so that no load
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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

voltage delivered at the rated speed is equal to the value of rated

voltage V=220V.
• Without modifying any longer the value of the alternator excitation
current connect the three phase load.
• Increase the load step by step by switching the S 1, S2, S3 and S4
switch and record the value voltage V and current Le delivered from
the alternator kept at its rated speed
• After completing the experiment turn OFF all the switch and circuit
breaker

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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment - 12

Purpose

Determine the mechanical and Iron loses of the dynamo by means of

shinbone’s method.
The dynamo operates as no load motor. .
Components

• D.C shunt motor

• D.C supply 0-220 V.1A,on control panel
• D.C supply 0-220v-3A on control panel
• D.C ammeter / Volt meter on control panel
• Optical Tachometer
• Supply leads

Electrical Circuit Diagram

procedure

• To connect the D.C motor Armature to the D.C 0-220V 3A supply on

the panel
• Connect the D.C motor field wind to the D.C Q-220V.1 a supply on
control panel
• Switch on the main supply circuit breaker
• Switch on the D.C supply switch
• Excite the D.C field winding at O1lA-p verify that the machine excited
• Slowly increase the armature voltage 'V' by means of D.C supply
regulator knob until the machine is set to rotation
• Adjust the armature voltage to 100V and therefore reduce the excition
current le by means of the D.C field supply knob until the speed results
about 1500RPM
• Adjust in the same time the armature voltage and the excitation
current until the speed of 1500 RPM with armature voltage of 220V
• Measure the armature current I and the excitation current le and write
the values in the following table
• Now increase in the same time the armature voltage 'V' and the
excitation current le in such a way to obtain the armature other voltage
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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

values shown in the table,

• With constant speed, for every voltage value that is shown
• Stop the machine by resting the armature voltage and therefore set the
regulator knob at zero position

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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment – 13

Purpose
Start the motor with separate excitations Record the operation
characteristic of motor

Components
• D.C shunt motor with mechanical break
• D.C motor 4 point starter
• D.C supply 0-230v on control panel
• D.C voltmeter / ammeter on control panel
• Optical Tachometer
• Supply leads

Electrical Circuit Diagram

Procedure
• Connect the D. C motor armature winding the 4 point starter ,
• Connect D.C motor field winding the D.C field excitation regulator
terminal on the control panel
• Set the mechanical breaks spring balance scale at
zero position
• Switch on the main circuit breaker on the control panel
• Switch on the D.C main circuit breaker and 4 point starter supply
suitable
• Switch on the D.C field regulator supply and set the D.C motor field
wind current at. 4A
• Start the motor by help of 4 point starter
• Record the rated speed of the motor
• The motor is therefore loaded by step by step by mean of Mechanical
breaks, the load is carried at by moving the secrew on the mechanical
break and note the reading until the motor fall load current reached its
rated value
• Of record the reading the experiment switch
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Electrical Machines Laboratory Work Book

Experiment – 14

Purpose

Start the D.C motor with series excitations

Record the operation characteristic of the motor.
i
Components

• D.C series motor with mechanical break

• D.C 2 point starter on the control panel
• D.C volt / ammeter on the control panel
• Optical digital Tachometer
• Supply leads
Electrical Circuit Diagram

• Connect the D.C series motor to the 2 point starter on the

control panel.
• Connect the D.C volt meter / ammeter according to electrical
diagram
• Set the mechanical break : spring balance at zero position
• Switch on the main circuit breaker on the control panel
• Switch on the D.C main circuit breaker and 2 point starter supply
switch on position
• Start the motor with the help of 2 point starter on the control
panel
• Record the motor speed by tachometer
• The motor is therefore loaded by step by step by mean of mechanical
breaks, the load is carried at by moving the secrew on the mechanical
breaks and note the reading until the motor fall load current reached its
rated value
• Record the reading the table

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