Practice Problems – Acid/Base

(1) What is the conjugate base of H2PO4⁻ ?

A) HPO42- B) PO43- C) H3PO4 D) H3O+ E) OH⁻
Answer: A

(2) Give the characteristics of a strong acid.

A) ionizes completely in aqueous solutions B) has a very electronegative atom attached to the
oxygen
C) has a polar bond D) has a weaker bond to hydrogen
E) all of the above Answer: E

(3) Place the following in order of increasing acid strength.

HBrO2 HBrO3 HBrO HBrO4

(4) Which of the following is a STRONG acid?

A) C6H5CO2H B) HCN C) HClO4 D) NH4+ E) H2O
Answer: C
(5) Which of the following acids will have the strongest conjugate base?
A) HCl B) HClO4 C) HNO3 D) HCN E) HI Answer: D

(6) What is the concentration of hydroxide ions in pure water at 30.0oC, if Kw at this temperature is
1.47 × 10-14?

(7) Calculate the pH of a solution that contains 3.9 x 10-4 M H3O⁺ at 25°C.

(8) Calculate the concentration of H3O⁺ in a solution that contains 5.5 × 10-5 M OH⁻ at 25°C.
Identify the solution as acidic, basic or neutral.

(9) Determine the pH of a 0.023 M HNO3 solution.

(10) Calculate the hydroxide ion concentration in an aqueous solution with a pH of 4.33 at 25°C.

(11) Determine the pH of a 0.741 M KOH solution at 25°C.

(12) In a triprotic acid, which Ka has the highest value?

A) Ka1 B) Ka2 C) Ka3 D) Kb1 E) Kb2 Answer: A

(13) Which one of the following will form an acidic solution in water?
A) NH4Cl B) NaF C) LiI D) KNO3 E) None of the above solutions will be
acidic.

(14) Do both protons ionize instantaneously from a diprotic acid such as H2CO3? Explain your
answer.

(15) What is the difference between a strong and weak acid?

(16) Which solution is more acidic 1.0 M HCl or 1.0 M H2CO3 . WHY?
(17) The pH of an aqueous solution at 25.0°C is 10.66. What is the molarity of H + in this solution?
A) 2.2 × 10-11 B) 4.6 × 10-4 C) 3.3 D) 1.1 × 10-13 E) 4.6 × 1010

(18) The acid-dissociation constant of hydrocyanic acid (HCN) at 25.0°C is 4.9 × 10-10. What is the
pH of an aqueous solution of 0.080 M sodium cyanide (NaCN)?
A) 11.11 B) 2.89 C) 1.3 × 10-3 D) 7.8 × 10-12 E) 3.9 × 10-11
Answer: A

Answer: A
(19) What is the hydronium ion concentration of a 0. 150 M hypochlorous acid solution with Ka = 3.5
× 10-8? The equation for the dissociation of hypochlorous acid is:
HOCl (aq) + H2O (l) H3O+ (aq) + OCl- (aq)
A) 1.9 × 10-4 M B) 7.2 × 10-4 M C) 2.8 × 10-5 M D) 7.2 × 10-5 M Answer: D

(20) The acid-dissociation constant of hydrocyanic acid (HCN) at 25.0°C is 4.9 × 10-10. What is the
pH of an aqueous solution of 0.080 M sodium cyanide (NaCN)?
A) 11.11 B) 2.89 C) 1.3 × 10-3 D) 7.8 × 10-12 E) 3.9 × 10-11
Answer: A

(21) A 0.175 M weak acid solution has a pH of 3.25. HA H+ + A- (a) Find Ka for the acid.
(b) calculate the percent ionization.