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Antenna
Anirban Karmakar Rowdra Ghatak D R Poddar
ECE Department ECE Department ETCE Dept.
Netaji Subhash Engg College National institute of Technology Jadavpur University
Kolkata, West Bengal, INDIA Durgapur , West Bengal, INDIA Kolkata, West Bengal
Abstract------ A dual frequency notched ultra-wideband (UWB) dimension of (13x10) mm2 (W0xL0) with feed length
fractal printed antenna is presented and analyzed in detail. By Lf=16.5mm and feed width wf=1.5mm as shown in figure1
introducing Sierpinski carpet fractal, the size of the antenna is (a). However, a second-order sierpinski carpet fractal
reduced significantly and impedance bandwidth is improved. concept [6] is used in the antenna and as well as in the
Two open-ended quarter wavelength slots are etched on the
ground plane.
ground plane to create the first notched band in 3.3 - 3.7 GHz
for WiMAX system. In addition, two half-wavelength U shape
slots are cut in the ground plane to generate the second notch
band in 5.15-5.825 GHz for IEEE802.11a and HIPERLAN/2.
Several properties of the antenna such as impedance
bandwidth, frequency notched characteristics, radiation
patterns and gain, have been simulated. Two sharp frequency
notched bands are achieved, and relatively stable,
omnidirectional radiation performance over the entire
frequency range has also been obtained.
I. INTRODUCTION
Development of components for ultra wideband (UWB)
communication band has attracted a lot of attention with the
opening up of the UWB bands for 3.1-10.6 GHz by FCC in
2002[1] which is used for high data-rate wireless
communication, high-accuracy radar, and imaging systems.
The UWB antenna has drawn heavy attention from (a)
researchers which displays desirable characteristics such as
compact size, low cost, and good omni-directional radiation
pattern [2]. However, there is an issue of a possible
electromagnetic interference, as over the allocated wide
bandwidth of the UWB system, some narrow bands for other
communication systems exist, such as WiMAX operating in
3.3-3.7 GHz, IEEE802.11a and HIPERLAN/2 operating in
5.15- 5.825 GHz. UWB antennas with band-notched function
have been reported, mostly with single notched band [3-5] in
5.15-5.825 GHz. On the other hand, it is well known that
one of the most important characteristics of fractals is size
reduction and space-filling. Therefore, traditional fractals
have been used to design compact antennas for multiband or
broadband operation [6–8]. Based on these concepts, a
compact thinned fractal UWB antenna is designed with two
band notch characteristics.
(a) (b)
(c)
H-plane
(a)
(d)
Fig. 3. Surface current distributions on the radiating patch at (a) pass-band
frequency, 6.4 GHz (b) pass-band frequency, 8 GHz (c) the first notched
band, 3.5 GHz, (d) the second notched band, 5.5 GHz
E-plane H-plane
(b)
UWB antenna system should be distortion free and to
ensure this, temporal characterization is desirable. Figure 6
shows the simulated group delay of the antenna systems. The
antenna shows a nearly flat response in 3.1 to 10.6 GHz
UWB band and the variation of group delay is less than 1ns
except in the notched bands, where the group delay makes
large excursion. This ensures satisfactory time domain
characteristics and distortion free transmission.
E-plane
IV. CONCLUSION
In this paper, a printed microstrip-fed dual band notched
UWB fractal antenna has been presented. Size reduction and
bandwidth enhancement is achieved using sierpinski carpet
fractal concept. To obtain two sharp notched bands, two
types of slots, a open-ended quarter-wavelength type and
embedded U shape half-wavelength type, are etched in the
Ground plane. The antenna showing broad bandwidth, two
sharp notched bands, and good Omni-directional radiation
patterns throughout the operating band.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
One of the authors Rowdra Ghatak is grateful to Department of
H-plane
(c)
Science and Technology, Government of India for supporting this
research under Young Scientist Scheme vide sanction no.
SR/FTP/ETA-0033/2010, dated 31.08.2010
Fig.4. Simulated E and H plane patterns of the fractal antenna at (a) 4.5 GHz
(b) 6.4GHz, (c) 8 GHz
REFERENCES
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