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Isolator operate @ = 0.

5 h
Fuses Breakers
case Solid links at Isolators at
At Ps At Ps
i) w-z t-v - - - -
ii) - tz - - - -
iii) - t-v w-z 1 u 1
iv) - t-v w-z 0.9 u 0.95

Customer and Load connected to the sys


Avg. load
Load No. Cust. connected
point (kW)
A 1,000 5,000
B 800 4,000
C 700 3,000
D 500 2,000
Total : 3,000 14,000

Reliability parameters for system


Comp. Length (km) λ (f/yr) r (hours)
Section
F1 2 0.2 4
F2 1 0.1 4
F3 3 0.3 4
F4 2 0.2 4
Distributor
a 1 0.2 2
b 3 0.6 2
c 2 0.4 2
d 1 0.2 2

Evaluate Failture rate, outage time, unvailability of each load point and value of SAIFI, SAIDI, CAIDI, ASAI
case i)

Comp. Length (km) λ (f/yr) r (hours) A U Failure


F1 2 0.2 4 0.9999087 0.0000913 0
F2 1 0.1 4 0.9999543 0.0000457 0
F3 3 0.3 4 0.9998630 0.0001370 0
F4 2 0.2 4 0.9999087 0.0000913 0
a 1 0.2 2 0.9999543 0.0000457 0
b 3 0.6 2 0.9998630 0.0001370 0
c 2 0.4 2 0.9999087 0.0000913 0
d 1 0.2 2 0.9999543 0.0000457 0
Distribution system reliability indice evaluation table in case without any protections

Comp. Load Point A Load Point B


failure λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
F1 0.20 4 0.80 0.20 4 0.80
F2 0.10 4 0.40 0.10 4 0.40
F3 0.30 4 1.20 0.30 4 1.20
F4 0.20 4 0.80 0.20 4 0.80
a 0.20 2 0.40 0.20 2 0.40
b 0.60 2 1.20 0.60 2 1.20
c 0.40 2 0.80 0.40 2 0.80
d 0.20 2 0.40 0.20 2 0.40
Total : 2.20 2.73 6.00 2.20 2.73 6.00
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
cust. 1,000 800
Load (kW) 5,000 4,000

SAIFI = 2.200 int/cust.yr


SAIDI = 5.999 hrs/cust.yr
CAIDI = 2.727 hrs/cust.int
ASAI = 0.9993151
EENS = 83.992 MWh/yr
ASCI = 27.997 kWh/cust.yr

Distribution system reliability indice evaluation table in case i)


Comp. Load Point A Load Point B
failure λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
F1 0.20 4 0.80 0.20 4 0.80
F2 0.10 0.5 0.05 0.10 4 0.40
F3 0.30 0.5 0.15 0.30 0.5 0.15
F4 0.20 0.5 0.10 0.20 0.5 0.10
a 0.20 2 0.40 0.20 2 0.40
b 0.60 0.5 0.30 0.60 2 1.20
c 0.40 0.5 0.20 0.40 0.5 0.20
d 0.20 0.5 0.10 0.20 0.5 0.10
Total : 2.20 0.95 2.10 2.20 1.52 3.35
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
cust. 1,000 800
Load (kW) 5,000 4,000

SAIFI = 2.200 int/cust.yr


SAIDI = 3.760 hrs/cust.yr
CAIDI = 1.709 hrs/cust.int
ASAI = 0.9995708
EENS = 50.896 MWh/yr
ASCI = 16.965 kWh/cust.yr

Distribution system reliability indice evaluation table in case ii)


Comp. Load Point A Load Point B
failure λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
F1 0.20 4 0.80 0.20 4 0.80
F2 0.10 0.5 0.05 0.10 4 0.40
F3 0.30 0.5 0.15 0.30 0.5 0.15
F4 0.20 0.5 0.10 0.20 0.5 0.10
a 0.20 2 0.40 0.20 0.5 0.10
b 0.60 0.5 0.30 0.60 2 1.20
c 0.40 0.5 0.20 0.40 0.5 0.20
d 0.20 0.5 0.10 0.20 0.5 0.10
Total : 2.20 0.95 2.10 2.20 1.39 3.05
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
cust. 1,000 800
Load (kW) 5,000 4,000

SAIFI = 2.20 int/cust.yr


SAIDI = 3.10 hrs/cust.yr
CAIDI = 1.41 hrs/cust.int
ASAI = 0.999646
EENS = 42.50 MWh/yr
ASCI = 14.17 kWh/cust.yr

Distribution system reliability indice evaluation table in case iii)

Comp. Load Point A Load Point B


failure λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
F1 0.20 4 0.80 0.20 4 0.80
F2 0.10 0.5 0.05 0.10 4 0.40
F3
F4
a 0.20 2 0.40
b 0.60 2 1.20
c
d
Total : 0.50 2.50 1.25 0.90 2.67 2.40
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
cust. 1,000 800
Load (kW) 5,000 4,000

SAIFI = 0.853 int/cust.yr


SAIDI = 2.426 hrs/cust.yr
CAIDI = 2.843 hrs/cust.int 2.86
ASAI = 0.999723
EENS = 32.947 MWh/yr
ASCI = 10.982 kWh/cust.yr

Distribution system reliability indice evaluation table in case iv)


Comp. Load Point A Load Point B
failure λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
F1 0.20 4 0.80 0.20 4 0.80
F2 0.10 0.5 0.05 0.10 4 0.40
F3 0.015 0.5 0.01 0.015 0.5 0.01
F4 0.010 0.5 0.00 0.010 0.5 0.00
a 0.20 2 0.40 0.02 0.5 0.01
b 0.06 0.5 0.03 0.60 2 1.20
c 0.002 0.5 0.001 0.002 0.5 0.001
d 0.001 0.5 0.0005 0.001 0.5 0.0005
Total : 0.59 2.20 1.29 0.95 2.56 2.42
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
cust. 1,000 800
Load (kW) 5,000 4,000

SAIFI = 0.939 int/cust.yr


SAIDI = 2.469 hrs/cust.yr
CAIDI = 2.630 hrs/cust.int 2.86
ASAI = 0.9997181
EENS = 33.533 MWh/yr
ASCI = 11.178 kWh/cust.yr

Load Point A Load Point B


Case
λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
i) 2.20 0.95 2.10 2.20 1.52 3.35
ii) 2.20 0.95 2.10 2.20 1.39 3.05
iii) 0.50 2.50 1.25 0.90 2.67 2.40
iv) 0.59 2.20 1.29 0.95 2.56 2.42

SAIFI SAIDI CAIDI EENS ASCI


Case int/cust.yr hrs/cust.yr hrs/cust.int ASAI MWh/yr kWh/cust.yr
i) 2.20 3.76 1.71 0.999571 50.896 16.97
ii) 2.20 3.10 1.41 0.999646 42.497 14.17
iii) 0.85 2.43 2.84 0.999723 32.947 10.98
iv) 0.939 2.469 2.630 0.999718 33.533 11.178
of SAIFI, SAIDI, CAIDI, ASAI and AENS ?
Load Point C Load Point D
λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
0.20 4 0.80 0.20 4 0.80
0.10 4 0.40 0.10 4 0.40
0.30 4 1.20 0.30 4 1.20
0.20 4 0.80 0.20 4 0.80
0.20 2 0.40 0.20 2 0.40
0.60 2 1.20 0.60 2 1.20
0.40 2 0.80 0.40 2 0.80
0.20 2 0.40 0.20 2 0.40
2.20 2.73 6.00 2.20 2.73 6.00
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
700 500 3,000
3,000 2,000 14,000

case i)

Load Point C Load Point D


λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
0.20 4 0.80 0.20 4 0.80
0.10 4 0.40 0.10 4 0.40
0.30 4 1.20 0.30 4 1.20
0.20 0.5 0.10 0.20 4 0.80
0.20 2 0.40 0.20 2 0.40
0.60 2 1.20 0.60 2 1.20
0.40 2 0.80 0.40 2 0.80
0.20 0.5 0.10 0.20 2 0.40
2.20 2.27 5.00 2.20 2.73 6.00
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
700 500 3,000
3,000 2,000 14,000
Load Point C Load Point D
λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
0.20 4 0.80 0.20 4 0.80
0.10 4 0.40 0.10 4 0.40
0.30 4 1.20 0.30 4 1.20
0.20 0.5 0.10 0.20 4 0.80
0.20 0.5 0.10 0.20 0.5 0.10
0.60 0.5 0.30 0.60 0.5 0.30
0.40 2 0.80 0.40 0.5 0.20
0.20 0.5 0.10 0.20 2 0.40
2.20 1.73 3.80 2.20 1.91 4.20
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
700 500 3,000
3,000 2,000 14,000

Load Point C Load Point D


λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
0.20 4 0.80 0.20 4 0.80
0.10 4 0.40 0.10 4 0.40
0.30 4 1.20 0.30 4 1.20
0.20 0.5 0.10 0.20 4 0.80

0.40 2 0.80
0.20 2 0.40
1.20 2.75 3.30 1.00 3.60 3.60
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
700 500 3,000
3,000 2,000 14,000
Load Point C Load Point D
λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
0.20 4 0.80 0.20 4 0.80
0.10 4 0.40 0.10 4 0.40
0.30 4 1.20 0.30 4 1.20
0.20 0.5 0.10 0.20 4 0.80
0.02 0.5 0.01 0.02 0.5 0.01
0.06 0.5 0.03 0.06 0.5 0.03
0.40 2 0.80 0.040 0.5 0.02
0.020 0.5 0.01 0.20 2 0.40
1.30 2.58 3.35 1.12 3.27 3.66
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
700 500 3,000
3,000 2,000 14,000

Load Point C Load Point D


λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
2.20 2.27 5.00 2.20 2.73 6.00
2.20 1.73 3.80 2.20 1.91 4.20
1.20 2.75 3.30 1.00 3.60 3.60
1.30 2.58 3.35 1.12 3.27 3.66
Customer and Load connected to the system Reliability parameters for system Probability parameter for Devices
Avg. load
Load point No. Cust. connected (kW) Comp. Length (km) λ (f/yr) r (hours) Fuses Ps 0.9

L1 500 700 Section Breakers Ps 0.95


L2 300 500 F1 5 2 3 Operatings time of isolators (h) 0.5
L3 300 500 F2 7 2 3 Operatings time of breakers (h) 0.2
L4 300 500 F3 3 1 3
L5 300 500 F4 5 1 3
La 300 500 F5 6 0.5 3
Lb 300 500 Distributor
Lc 300 500 a 1 1 2
Ld 300 500 b 3 1 2
Total : 2,900 4,700 c 2 0.5 2
d 1 0.5 2
Distribution system reliability indice evaluation table in case i)
Comp. Load Point - L1 Load Point - La Load Point - L2 Load Point - Lb
failure λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
F1 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00
F2 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00
F3 1.00 3 3.00 1.00 3 3.00 1.00 3 3.00 1.00 3 3.00
F4 0.05 0.2 0.01 0.05 0.2 0.01 0.05 0.2 0.01 0.05 0.2 0.01
F5 0.03 0.2 0.00 0.03 0.2 0.00 0.03 0.2 0.00 0.03 0.2 0.00
a 0.10 0.2 0.02 1.00 2 2.00 0.10 0.2 0.02 0.10 0.2 0.02
b 0.10 0.2 0.02 0.10 0.2 0.02 0.10 0.2 0.02 1.00 2 2.00
c 0.05 0.2 0.01 0.05 0.2 0.01 0.05 0.2 0.01 0.05 0.2 0.01
d 0.03 0.2 0.005 0.03 0.2 0.005 0.03 0.2 0.005 0.03 0.2 0.005
Total : 5.35 2.82 15.06 6.25 2.73 17.04 5.35 2.82 15.06 6.25 2.73 17.04
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
Point L1 La L2 Lb
cust. 500 300 300 300
Load (kW) 700 500 500 500

Comp. Load Point - Lc Load Point - L4 Load Point - Ld Load Point - L5


failure
Comp.
failure λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
F1 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00
F2 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00
F3 1.00 3 3.00 1.00 3 3.00 1.00 3 3.00 1.00 3 3.00
F4 0.05 0.2 0.01 1.00 3 3.00 1.00 3 3.00 1.00 3 3.00
F5 0.03 0.2 0.00 0.50 3 1.50 0.50 3 1.50 0.50 3 1.50
a 0.10 0.2 0.02 0.10 0.2 0.02 0.10 0.2 0.02 0.10 0.2 0.02
b 0.10 0.2 0.02 0.10 0.2 0.02 0.10 0.2 0.02 0.10 0.2 0.02
c 0.50 2 1.00 0.50 0.2 0.10 0.05 0.2 0.01 0.50 0.2 0.10
d 0.05 0.2 0.010 0.05 0.2 0.01 0.50 2 1.00 0.003 0.2 0.000
Total : 5.83 2.76 16.06 7.25 2.71 19.64 7.25 2.83 20.54 7.20 2.73 19.63
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
Point Lc L4 Ld L5
cust. 500 300 300 300
Load (kW) 500 500 500 500

Cust. Total 2,900


Load total 4,700 kW

** Case i)

SAIFI = 6.572 int/cust.yr


SAIDI = 18.194 hrs/cust.yr
CAIDI = 2.768 hrs/cust.int
ASAI = 0.997923 4.7 MW 30 MW
EENS = 80.576 MWh/yr $ 15,914 /year $ 101,577 /year
ASCI = 27.785 kWh/cust.yr
Distribution system reliability indice evaluation table in case ii)
Comp. Load Point - L1 Load Point - La Load Point - L2 Load Point - Lb
failure λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
F1 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00
F2 2.00 0.2 0.40 2.00 0.5 1.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00
F3 1.00 0.2 0.20 1.00 0.5 0.50 1.00 0.5 0.50 1.00 0.5 0.50
F4 0.05 0.05 0.5 0.02 0.05 0.5 0.02 0.05 0.5 0.02
F5 0.03 0.03 0.5 0.01 0.03 0.5 0.01 0.03 0.5 0.01
a 0.10 0.2 0.02 1.00 2 2.00 0.10 0.5 0.05 0.10 0.5 0.05
b 0.10 0.2 0.02 0.10 0.5 0.05 0.10 0.5 0.05 1.00 2 2.00
c 0.03 0.2 0.00 0.05 0.5 0.02 0.05 0.5 0.02 0.05 0.5 0.02
d 0.03 0.03 0.5 0.012 0.03 0.5 0.012 0.03 0.5 0.012
Total : 5.33 1.25 6.64 6.25 1.54 9.62 5.35 2.37 12.67 6.25 2.34 14.62
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
Point L1 La L2 Lb
cust. 500 300 300 300
Load (kW) 700 500 500 500

Comp. Load Point - Lc Load Point - L4 Load Point - Ld Load Point - L5


failure λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr) λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
F1 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00
F2 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00 2.00 3 6.00
F3 1.00 3 3.00 1.00 3 3.00 1.00 3 3.00 1.00 3 3.00
F4 0.05 0.5 0.02 1.00 3 3.00 1.00 3 3.00 1.00 3 3.00
F5 0.03 0.5 0.01 0.50 0.5 0.25 0.50 3 1.50 0.50 3 1.50
a 0.10 0.5 0.05 0.10 0.5 0.05 0.10 0.5 0.05 0.10 0.5 0.05
b 0.10 0.5 0.05 0.10 0.5 0.05 0.10 0.5 0.05 0.10 0.5 0.05
c 0.50 2 1.00 0.50 0.5 0.25 0.05 0.5 0.02 0.50 0.5 0.25
d 0.05 0.5 0.025 0.05 0.5 0.02 0.50 2 1.00 0.003 0.5 0.001
Total : 5.83 2.77 16.15 7.25 2.57 18.61 7.25 2.84 20.61 7.20 2.75 19.84
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
Point Lc L4 Ld L5
cust. 500 300 300 300
Load (kW) 500 500 500 500

Cust. Total 2,900


Load total 4,700 kW

** Case ii)

SAIFI = 6.568 int/cust.yr


SAIDI = 15.427 hrs/cust.yr
CAIDI = 2.349 hrs/cust.int
ASAI = 0.998239 4.7 MW 30 MW
EENS = 68.295 MWh/yr $ 13,488 /year $ 86,095 /year $ 15,482
ASCI = 23.550 kWh/cust.yr
Load Point - L3
λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
2.00 3 6.00
2.00 3 6.00
1.00 3 3.00
0.05 0.2 0.01
0.03 0.2 0.00
0.10 0.2 0.02
0.10 0.2 0.02
0.05 0.2 0.01
0.03 0.2 0.005
5.35 2.82 15.06
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
L3
300
500
Load Point - L3
λ (f/yr) r (hours) U (hrs/yr)
2.00 3 6.00
2.00 3 6.00
1.00 3 3.00
0.05 0.5 0.02
0.03 0.5 0.01
0.10 0.5 0.05
0.10 0.5 0.05
0.05 0.5 0.02
0.03 0.5 0.012
5.35 2.83 15.17
Σ λi r series Σ λi ri
L3
300
500

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