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EEE-452: Power System Protection Assignment-1 Deadline 01/10/2018

Please show all your work! Answers without supporting work will not be given credit.

Name:

1. A Y-connected synchronous generator rated 20 MVA at 13.8 kV has a positivesequence reactance of


j2.38 ohms, negative-sequence reactance of j3.33 ohms, and zero-sequence reactance of j0.95 ohms. The
generator neutral is solidly grounded. With the generator operating unloaded at rated voltage, a so-
called single line-to-ground fault occurs at the machine terminals. During this fault, the line-to-ground
voltages at the generator terminals are Vag = 0, Vbg = 8.0716 − 102.25, and Vcg =8.0716 102.25.
Determine the sequence components of the generator fault currents and the generator fault currents.
Draw a phasor diagram of the pre-fault and post-fault generator terminal voltages.
2. The single-line diagram of a three-phase power system is shown in Figure 1. Equipment ratings are
given in Table 1. The inductor connected to Generator 3 neutral has a reactance of 0.05 per unit on its
base. Draw the zero-, positive-, and negative-sequence reactance diagrams using a 1000-MVA, 765-kV
base. Neglect the ∆-Y transformer phase shifts.

Table 1: Data for the power system shown in Figure 2


Elements Data
Synchronous generators:
G1 1000 MVA, 15 kV, Xd”=X2 =0.18, X0 =0.07 per unit
G2 1000 MVA, 15 kV, Xd”=X2 =0.20, X0 =0.10 per unit
G3 500 MVA, 13.8 kV, Xd”=X2 =0.15, X0 =0.05 per unit
G4 750 MVA, 13.8 kV, Xd”=0.30, X2 =0.40, X0 =0.10 per unit
Transformers:
T1 1000 MVA, 15 kV ∆/765 kV Y, X=0.10 per unit
T2 1000 MVA, 15 kV ∆ /765 kV Y, X=0.10 per unit
T3 500 MVA, 15 kV Y /765 kV Y, X=0.12 per unit
T4 750 MVA, 15 kV Y /765 kV Y, X=0.11 per unit
Transmission Lines
Line 1-2 765 kV, X1 =50 Ω, X0 =150 Ω
Line 2-3 765 kV, X1 =40 Ω, X0 =100 Ω
Line 1-3 765 kV, X1 =40 Ω, X0 =100 Ω
EEE-452: Power System Protection Assignment-1 Page 2 of 4

Figure 1: A power system with four generator

3. Consider the single-line diagram of the power system shown in Figure 2, where negative- and zero-
sequence reactances are also given. The neutrals of the generator and ∆-Y transformers are solidly
grounded. The neutral of the generator M is grounded through a reactance Xn = 0.05 per unit
generator-M base. (a) Draw the per-unit zero-, positive-, and negative sequence networks on a 100-
MVA, 13.8-kV base in the zone of the generator.(b) Reduce the sequence networks to their Thevenin
equivalents, as viewed from bus 2. For this, consider the pre-fault voltage of the system as 1.056 0
per unit. Pre-fault load current and ∆-Y transformer phase shift are neglected.(c) Calculate the sub-
transient fault current in per-unit and in kA for a solid single line-to-ground short circuit from phase
a to ground at bus 2 (d) Also calculate the per-unit line-to-ground voltages at faulted bus 2.

Figure 2: A power system with four generator

4. Consider the power system given in Fig. 5. The prefault voltage at the fault location in the is 1.05 per
unit, and the load current is negligible. The source impedances shown are the subtransient reactances
(Xd00 ) of the generators. For this system,
(a) Select power and voltage bases for the per-unit system, and calculate the current and impedance
bases accordingly.
(b) Convert all impedances on the system as well as the prefault voltage to a common base.
(c) Draw the positive-, negative-, and zero-sequence networks for this system.
(d) What are the maximum short-circuit phase currents for a three-phase fault?

Cont.
EEE-452: Power System Protection Assignment-1 Page 3 of 4

Figure 3: A power system with two generator

(e) What are the maximum short-circuit phase currents for a B-phase-to-C-phase fault?
(f) What are the maximum short-circuit phase currents for a B-phase-to-C-phase-to-ground fault?
(g) What are the maximum short-circuit phase currents for an A-phase-to-ground fault?
(h) For an A-phase-to-ground fault, find the maximum positive-, negative-, and zero-sequence current
contributions from Source S and Source R.
(i) Find the phase voltages at the fault location during an A-phase-to-ground fault.
5. Consider the power system given in Fig. ??. The prefault voltage at the fault location is 70 kVLL,
and the generator and transformer are not connected to the rest of the power system. The source
impedances shown are the subtransient reactances (Xd”) of the generator. For this system,

Figure 4: A power system with two generator

(a) Select power and voltage bases for the per-unit system, and calculate current and impedance bases
accordingly.
(b) Convert all impedances on the system as well as the prefault voltage to a common base.
(c) Draw the positive-, negative-, and zero-sequence networks for this system up to the fault point.
(d) What are the maximum short-circuit phase currents for a three-phase fault?
(e) What are the maximum short-circuit phase currents for a B-phase-to-C-phase fault?
(f) What are the maximum short-circuit phase currents for an A-phase-to-ground fault?

Cont.
EEE-452: Power System Protection Assignment-1 Page 4 of 4

6. A transformer is connected to the bus ABC as shown below. What is the phase relations between the
line voltages VAB and Vab ?

A B C

Figure 5: A transformer connected to bus ABC

The End.

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