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Question 1

Two canoe riders must be selected from each of two groups of campers. One group consists
of three men and one woman, and the other group consists of two women and one man.
What is the probability that two men and two women will be selected?

Answers
1/6
1/4
2/7
1/3
1/2

Question 2
A card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards. Find the probability that the card drawn
is:

1: either a black card or a king


2: neither a heart nor a king
3: spade or ace
Answers
1: 7/13
2: 9/13
3: 9/13

Question 3:

A single 6-sided die is rolled. What is the probability of each outcome?

Question 4:

Two squares are chosen at random on a chessboard. What is the probability that they have a side in
common?

(A) 1 / 18 (B) 64 / 4032 © 63 / 64 (D) 1 / 9 (E) 2 / 19

Which one is the correct answer?

Question 5

A shooter can hit a target once in 4 shots. If shooter fires 4 shots in succession, what is the probability that
the shooter will hit his target?

A. 3/4

B. 1

C. 1/256

D. 81/256

E. 175/256
Question 6:
When two dice are thrown simultaneously, what is the probability that the sum of the two numbers is less
than 11?
A. 5/6
B. 11/12
C. 1/6
D. 1/12
E. 2/3

Question 7:
The probability that John speaks truth is 3/4 and the probability for Cheryl speaking truth is 4/5. What is
the probability that they contradict each other when asked to speak on certain fact ?
A) 3/20
B) 2/5
C) 7/20
D) 1/5
E) 3/5

Question 8:
A bag has 10 black balls and 10 White balls. Person A picks two balls at random, than Person B picks two
of the remaining balls at random. What is the probability of them getting the same color combination.
A. 118 / 323
B. 121 / 323
C. 81 / 323
D. 205 / 323
E. 181 / 323

Question 9:
An unbiased die is thrown 6 times. What is the probability that the numbers will have a product which is
an even number.

Answer 1:

No. of ways to select two men from Group-1 = 3C2 = 3


No. of ways to select two women from Gp-2 = 1
i.e.3*1=3 ways
No. of ways to select 1 man, 1 woman from Gp-1 = 3C1*1=3
No. of ways to select 1 man, 1 woman from Gp-2 = 1*2C1=2
i.e. 3*2=6 ways
No. of ways for selecting 2 men and 2 women = 3+6=9
Total no. of ways of selecting any 2 person = 4C2*3C2=18
9/18 = 1/2
Regards,

Answer 2:
1)
let A is an event of drawing black card and B is the event of drawing a king.
Probability of A = 26/52
Probability of B = 4/52
Probability of drawing a black card and king is 2/52

P(A or B) = P (A) + P(B) - P (A and B)

= 26/52 + 4/52 - 2/52 = 7/13

2)
let A is an event of not drawing a heart and B is the event of not selecting a king.
Probability of A = 39/52
Probability of B = 48/52
Probability of not selecting a heart and not selecting a king is = ( 1- probability of selecting a
black heart king) = 1 - 1/52 = 51/52 (since we have only one black heart king)

P(A or B) = P (A) + P(B) - P (A and B)

= 39/52 + 48/52 - 51/52 = 9/13

3)
let A is an event of drawing spade card and B is the event of drawing an ace.
Probability of A = 13/52
Probability of B = 4/52
Probability of drawing a spade card and an ace is 1/52

P(A or B) = P (A) + P(B) - P (A and B)

= 13/52 + 4/52 - 1/52 = 4/13

Solution 3:

The possible outcomes of this experiment are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.

Probabilities:

P(1) = (No. of ways to roll a 1) / Total number of possible outcomes = 1 / 6

P(2) = (No. of ways to roll a 2) / Total number of possible outcomes = 1 / 6

P(3) = (No. of ways to roll a 3) / Total number of possible outcomes = 1 / 6

P(4) = (No. of ways to roll a 4) / Total number of possible outcomes = 1 / 6

P(5) = (No. of ways to roll a 5) / Total number of possible outcomes = 1 / 6

P(6) = (No. of ways to roll a 6) / Total number of possible outcomes = 1 / 6

Getting 2,4,6 are possible even outcomes.

P(getting an even number) = 3/6 = 1/2


Solution 4:

Probability of having a side in common = (Favorable Cases) / (Total number of cases)


First, let us find out total number of ways of choosing two squares on chessboard. There are total 64
squares on a chessboard, so the number of ways of choosing the first square is 64. The number of ways
of choosing the second square is 63.
There are a total of 64 * 63 = 4032 ways of choosing two squares.
If the first square happens to be any of the four corner ones, the second square can be chosen in 2 ways.
If the first square happens to be any of the 24 squares on the side of the chess board, the second square
can be chosen in 3 ways. If the first square happens to be any of the 36 remaining squares, the second
square can be chosen in 4 ways.
Hence the desired number of combinations = (4 * 2) + (24 * 3) + (36 * 4)
= 224.
Therefore, the required probability
= 224/4032
= 1/18 .

solution 5:

The shooter will hit the target even if he hits it once or twice or thrice or all four times in the four shots that
he takes.
So, the only case where the shooter will not hit the target is when he fails to hit the target even in one of
the four shots that he takes.
The probability that he will not hit the target in one shot = 1 – 1/4 = 3/4
Therefore, the probability that he will not hit the target in all the four shots = 3/4 * 3/4 * 3/4 * 3/4 = 81/256
Hence, the probability that he will hit the target at least in one of the four shots = 1 – 81/256
= 175/256 .

solution 6:
Instead of finding the probability of this event directly, we will find the probability of the non-occurrence of
this event and subtract it from 1 to get the required probability.
Total possible combinations : 6*6 = 36
Combination whose sum is 12 : (6,6)
Combinations whose sum is 11 : (5,6), (6,5).
Therefore, there are totally 3 occurrences out of 36 occurrences that satisfy the given condition.
Probability whose sum of two numbers is greater than or equal to 11 = 3 / 36 = 1 / 12.
Hence probability whose sum of two numbers is lesser than 11 = 1 – 1 / 12 = 11 / 12

Solution 7:
Let E1 be the event denoting that M speaks truth and E2 be the event denoting that N speaks truth.
Probability that both contradict each other :
Probability that John speaks truth = P(J)= 3/4
Probability that John lie : 1/4
Probability that Cheryl speaks truth= P©= 4/5
Probability that Cheryl lie : 1/5
Probability that both contradict each other :
= (3/4) * (1/4) + (1/5) * (3/4)
= 7/20

Solution 8 :

If Person A makes the first two picks and Person B makes the last two picks, there are six different
combinations that work.
BBBB, WWWW, BWBW, BWWB, WBBW, WBWB
Chances of each of these scenarios occurring are:
BBBB = 10 / 20 * 9 / 19 * 8 / 18 * 7 / 17 = 5040 / 116280
WWWW = 10 / 20 * 9 / 19 * 8 / 18 * 7 / 17 = 5040 / 116280
BWBW = 10 / 20 * 10 / 19 * 9 / 18 * 9 / 17 = 8100 / 116280
BWWB = 10 / 20 * 10 / 19 * 9 / 18 * 9 / 17 = 8100 / 116280
WBBW = 10 / 20 * 10 / 19 * 9 / 18 * 9 / 17 = 8100 / 116280
WBWB = 10 / 20 * 10 / 19 * 9 / 18 * 9 / 17 = 8100 / 116280
Adding these all together, we get the desired probability = 42480 / 116280 = 4248/11628 = 1062/2907 =
354/969 = 118/323 = 36.53%

Answer 9
Probability of scores with even product = 1 – (probability of all odd numbers)
=1–[(1/2)^6]
= 63 / 64

1.Probability and Data Analysis Q's


1. A group of 20 values has mean of 85 and median 80. A different group of 30 values has
mean 75 and media 72.

a. What is mean of the 50 values?


b. what is median of 50 values?

2. How many 3-digit positive integers are odd and do not contain the digit "5"?

3. From a box of 10 light bulbs, 4 are to be removed. How many different sets of 4 bulbs
could be removed?

4. If an integer is randomly selected from all positive integers, find the probability that the
integer chosen has:

a. at least one "4"


b. no "4" in either place

5. In a box of 10 electrical parts, 2 are defective. If 2 parts are randomly chosen, without
replacement, what is probability that both are defective?

6. P(A or B) = .60 and P(A) = .20

a. Find P(B) given that events A and B are independent.


b. What is the difference between independent and mutually exclusive events? (their
definitions)

7. Lin and Mark attempt independently to decode a message. P(Lin) = .80 and P(Mark) = .
70. What is probability

a. at least one will decode the message


b. neither will decode the message
ANSWERS:

Q1. we can find out the mean (20*85+30*75)/50 but for median we can not find based on
given information....

Q2. there are 4 odd numbers in every 10 numbers(not ending in 5), so total 3 digit odd
numbers not ending in 5 = 4 * 10 * 9 = 360

Q3. 10C4

Q4. (a)for single digit = 1/10 or for 2 digit number = 19/100 or for 3 digit number =
199/1000
(b)1-answer of (a)

Q5. 2C2/10C2 = 1/45

Q6. (a) 0.40


(b) mutually exclusive = output set is diffrent,
indepedent = outcom is not dependent on each other, does not necessorily mean mutually
exclusive

Q7. (a) message is decoded = 1 - no one decodes = 1 - (1/5*7/10) = 43/50


(b) 7/50
Q5.

Question

1. Given two concentric circles, one inscribed in another. If the radius of the inner circle
is 'x' & the radius of the outer circle is '(x+y)', then what is the probability that the
point taken lie in the inner circle?
A. pi*x^2/(x+y)
B. x^2/(x+y)^2
C. x^2/(x^2+y^2)
D. x/(x+y)

1. Probability question...

Tony’s political science final exam consists of eight True/False questions. If Tony guesses on
every question, what is the probability that he gets exactly seven questions right?

A) 1/32 B) 1/16 C) 1/8 D) 7/8 E) 31/32

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