SPIRAL STAIRCASES

Page
Why choose spiral staircases 56 - 57
Standard staircase 58
Right / left turning staircase 58
Protective cage 58
Weland detail standards 60 - 61
Indoor staircases 64 - 66
Special staircases 67
Helical staircases 67
Custom design 68
Delivery 68
Site fixing 68
How to order 69

55
 WHY CHOOSE A SPIRAL STAIRCASE?
A spiral staircase is, in the vast majority of cases a very practical solution of a staircase problem. Below we show
a comparison between a spiral staircase and a straight staircase so as to highlight the advantages and disad-
vantages of the two types.

H=3000
1000

4570 Ø 1800 50

Space saving
Consider a staircase with a height of 3 meters which goes from an exit door down to ground level.
Straight staircase, width 900 mm. At the up-permost level a standard landing of 1000 mm is required. A staircase
allowing a correct posture for climbing of 40°, needs an overhan of 3.57 m + the landing of 1 m = 4.57 meters.
A Spiral staircase with a radius of 900 mm. At the uppermost level a landing sized 950 x 950 mm. The spiral
staircase is position ed with a center 950 mm from the wall and as such requires a well space of Ø. 1900 mm.

Architecturally pleasing
Straight staircases are in many cases, regarded as heavy,
clumsy and dominating in the erected position. Spiral stair-
cases are considerably more slender and are not domina-
ting in the same way. In many cases they melt in with sur-
rounding environment as a part of the facade.

Escape/Rescue
Since spiral staircases are comfortable to descend an
evacuation can be carried out quickly. Even rescue on a
stretcher can be conducted comfortable.

56
Secure Easy to assemble
If when descending a high straight staircase, a person Spiral staircase consists of easily handled
looses balance, he or she will fall forward.... in this situ- parts which are screwed together. The only
ation there is nothing to grap hold of, or anything to tools needed are a drill, a spanner (either
prevent the fall. If a person looses balance on a spiral fixed or ratchet) and a socket head.
staircase and falls forward, the fall will be directed Please note, that no welding is
against the bannisters which will check it, giving the necessary during assebly.
person a chance to grap a railing or the center post. Clear assembly instruc-
tions are included
with every delivery.

Straight staircase seen Spiral staircase seen

from above from above

Flexible
As a rule the space for a staircase is limited and step
on/step off points are stated. This means that straight
staircases can be very steep or alternate in several
flights which in turn means that they can be complex
and expansive.
Spiral staircases need the same small base area irres-
pective of how high they are. They can be manufactured
either left or right turning and have different number of
steps per revolution. This means that in the main an
efficient staircase can be achieved.

Lighter design
A straight staircase of
several flights needs a com-
prehensive construction to be
able to support the landings.
A spiral staircase on the other
hand normally demands no ex-
tra load carrying framing, as
long as the landings are not
excessively large.

Can be
constructed to great height
Straight staircases can be very complicated. Spiral
staircases can be built very high, without any extra
supports, assuming that bracing can be carried out
against the wall. Bracing can be achieved either by step-
ping off landings or special support angles constructed
every revolution. If there is no adjacent wall, bracing can
be carried out with longitudinal support legs positioned
outside the staircase diameter.
57
Standard Staircases Radius Tread depth Suitable
Steps/rev at walking line step height
When designing the layout of a spiral staircase considera-
tion must be given to the staircase radius, the stair tread 600/14 156 190-220
height and the number of stair treads per revolution. The 600/15 146 190-220
table on the right and the figures below depict Welands´ 600/16 137 190-220
700/14 200 190-215
standard dimension principles. 700/15 187 190-220
700/16 176 190-220
700/18 156 190-220
800/15 229 175-210
800/16 215 180-210
800/18 191 190-220
800/20 172 190-220
900/15 270 175-190
900/16 254 175-200
900/18 226 175-200
14 Steps/ 15 Steps/ 900/20 203 180-210
900/22 185 180-210
Revolution Revolution
900/24 170 190-220
1000/15 312 175-190
1000/16 293 165-185
1000/18 260 170-200
1000/20 235 175-200
1000/22 213 180-210
1000/24 196 180-210
16 Steps/ 18 Steps/ 1100/16 332 165-180
Revolution Revolution 1100/18 295 165-180
1100/20 266 165-190
1100/22 242 170-200
1100/24 222 170-200
1200/16 371 165-190
1200/18 330 155-190
1200/20 297 155-190
1200/22 270 160-200
20 Steps/ 22 Steps/ 1200/24 248 170-210
Revolution Revolution 1300/18 365 155-180
1300/20 329 155-180
1300/22 299 155-190
1300/24 274 155-200
1400/18 399 150-180
1400/20 360 150-180
1400/22 327 155-190
1400/24 300 155-190
24 Steps/ 26 Steps/ 1400/26 277 155-200
Revolution Revolution 1500/22 356 150-180
1500/24 326 150-180
1500/26 301 155-190
Right/left turning 1500/28 280 155-200

Weland spiral staircases are manufactured either right

or left turning according to customers requirements.
We define a right turning staircase as one that turns * Tread depth is calculated
to the right when climbing. in a considered walk line
250 mm from the perip-
hery.

250

Right turning Left turning

Protective cage
So as to prevent unauthorized persons from entering a spiral staircase we
can offer as an option a cage built in at the lowest level. The cage is opened
with a key from the outside and without a key from the inside.
58
Escape staircase with protective cage,
balustrade with intermediate rail.

Spiral staircase mounted on supporting

bracket.

To the right, a spiral staircase with landings

on both sides of the central newel post.
Note! that the bracing is positioned bet-
ween ground level and the first floor.
59
 WELAND STANDARD
Railing loading Railing height Child safety

0,8 kN/m
max.

varies to suit
1100 mm
100 mm

max.
100 mm

The railing height is 1100 mm from the By child safety we mean that no opening
The hand rail is designed to withstand forward edge of the step. Extra hand- within the staircase is allowed to be larger
a load of 0.8 kN/m of rail. rails can be supplied at optional height. than 100 mm under 800 mm railing height.

Hand rail dimensions Stair tread Clearance to wall

loading
4,0 kN/m2

50 mm
R + 50 mm
Ø 42 mm

Our standard rail has a Ø.42 mm.
3,0 kN
100
100
The steps are designed for a distributed
load of 4,0 kN/m2 or spot load (100 x The spiral staircase outer circumference
100 mm) of 3.0 kN. must be at least 50 mm from the wall.

Hand rail joint Headroom Step height

Head height min. 2000

The headroom under

the rear edge of the
landing must be at The step
Weland hand rails of tube are joined least 2000 mm. height should be sized between 160 and 220
with the help of an inner connector. mm according to the formula 2hxB= 580-640.

Inner Handrail Fixing of the Fixing of landings

base plate
extra handrail

inside handrail

Weland spiral staircases can be supplemen-

ted with inner hand rails fitted to the newel Expansion bolts included in the delivery Expansion bolts included in the delivery
post and extra hand rails on the balusters. are only to be used with concrete. are only to be used with concrete.

60
 WELAND STANDARD
Platforms Platforms Platforms

Stair Radius + 50 mm
Stair Radius + 50 mm

100 mm

Standard square platforms for corners 90° Platform with a radius suitable for ”Tread Platform” for fixing to an existing
or stair well. fixing to circular stair wells. stair well edge.

Balustrading Balustrading Balustrading

Grating infill panels Tubular infill panels Childproof railing with balusters

Balustrading Balustrading Balustrading

Toughened glass 1, 2, 3 or 4 intermediate rails Without knee rails

Staying/bracing Type approval with Hot Dip

Swedish Fire Class R30 Galvanizing

The spiral staircase must be braced every re-

volution, with either a landing or with spe- Weland spiral staircases are as standard
cial stays. Expansion bolts included in the Welands spiral staircases are approved hot dip galvanized in accordance with
delivery are only to be used with concrete. in compliance with fire class R 30. EN 1461.

61
A spiral staircase designed as lobby staircase is attractive, Spiral staircases can be constructed very high with-
safe simple, comfortable and space saving. out supporting structure.

Outdoor spiral staircases can be finis-

hed painted in desired colours in
addition to hot-dip galvanizing. This
makes for decorative staircases with
the best possible rust protection.
Spiral staircases with a radius larger
than 1200 mm are fitted with double
flatbar stringers on the outside of the step. Please
note the inside handrail and the extra handrail. Spiral staircases blend in well in their
62 surroundings.
An indoors staircase with treads covered with ceramic tiles. Balustrade
„childsafe“ with balusters of rounds on 100 mm c/c and extra handrail.
Inside handrail on the newel post. Balustrade on landing correspon-
ding to staircase.

To the right a spiral staircase elegantly connecting roof terrace and

garden.
63
 Weland indoor staircases
The Weland design can be produced in materials other than steel. Below we show a few different examples of tread
material. We can complement the tread material with different handrail materials. Please call if you have special
requirements for these materials or for materials not shown here.

Grating Chequer Plate Plate with Carpet Oak (Other wood

types available)

Concrete Marble (Other stone Terrazzo (concrete) Ceramic tile

types available)

Weland spiral staircase standard handrail is made from steel tube 42 mm dia. Brass & stainless tube is also available.
Steel flat bar and wood handrails in different types on special order.

Tube Round wood Rectangular wood

Steel tube 42 mm dia. with choice Round handrail of solid wood. A Rectangular handrail of wood
of surface finish. Brass or choice of wood types are available. laminate or solid wood.
Stainless steel.
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 EXAMPLES OF INTERIOR
DOMESTIC STAIRCASES

Treads of marble and handrailing of 42 mm diameter tube. Staircase with concrete treads and handrailing of 42 mm
The staircase has an extra handrail on the balusters and diameter tube. The handrail has two extra ”Knee Rails”.
an inner handrail on the newel post. The handrailing is All steel parts are paint finish. For exterior use the steel
of treated brass and all other components are paint finish. component parts are hot dip galvanized and painted.

The Staircase has treads of solid Beech. Rectangular Treads of solid Oak. Circular wood handrails of solid
wood handrail. All steel components are paint finish. Oak. The handrailing has hardened glass infill panels
and all steel component parts are paint finish.
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66
 SPECIAL
SPIRAL STAIRCASES

Spiral staircases and Combi staircases can be manufactured with treads or stringers that follow the wall profile.
Treads, handrailing and surface finish the same as other spiral staircases. These staircases can also be manufactured
with more than one newel post.

Helical staircases with stringers are available on special order with treads and handrailing in the same styles and combi-
nation, as spiral staircases. The staircases can be free standing or follow the inside or the outside of the silo. Radius,
treads width and other data are according to customer requirements.
67
 DESIGN
Our design office is at your service to help with
dimensioning, drawing and designing your spiral
staircase.
Fill in the ‘ordering’ information on page 69 or send
us your building drawings and we will ensure that
you get a correctly functioning spiral staircase.

Every spiral staircase is individually drawn and the

drawing is sent to the customer for approval before
manufacturing commences.

DELIVERY
All components are delivered in one wooden crate. This provides extra security for both us and our customers. When
the crate arrives at its destination undamaged, we then know the contents are sound, and the fitter can carry out
his delivery check with the enclosed packing list.

SITE FIXING
Site fixing is carried out using hand tools. Detailed fixing
instructions are included with every delivery. A Weland
spiral staircase can also be assembled on the ground
and lifted into place where necessary.

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 ORDERING INFORMATION
Example

❑ Grating ❑ Grating
❑ Durbar plate ❑ Durbar plate
Stair tread materials ❑ Steel plate with carpet ❑ Steel plate with carpet
❑ Wood ❑ Wood
❑ ❑

❑ Steel tube Ø.42 mm ❑ Steel tube Ø.42 mm

❑ Tube ❑ Tube
Hand rails ❑ Rounded wood ❑ Rounded wood
❑ Rectangular wood ❑ Rectangular wood
❑ Flat bar ❑ Flat bar

❑ Not child safety ❑ Not child safety

❑ Child safety trellis panel ❑ Child safety trellis panel
Balustrade panels ❑
❑
Curved tubes
Toughened glass
❑
❑
Curved tubes
Toughened glass
❑ ❑

❑ Hot dip galvanized ❑ Hot dip galvanized

Surface finish ❑ Primer painted

❑ Painted finish
❑ Primer painted
❑ Painted finish
❑ ❑

The staircase radius

Radius 600, 700, 800.....1500 mm R= R=
Radius 900 for fire escapes and in-door staircases.
Radius 1200 for assembly halls holding 150 people.

For each floor state the following:

Storey height floor to floor H= H=

Lower level 12 12

• Walls, doors, windows. Positions with

measurements. 9 3 9 3

• Staircase well size.

• Doors marked with sizes and opening angles. 6 6

Upper level 12 12

• Walls, doors and windows. Positions with

measurements. 9 3 9 3

• Staircase well size.

• Doors to be marked with size and opening 6 6

angles.

12 12

Stair well railing 9 3 9 3

6 6

Leave the design of the staircase to Weland. If we receive the above information you will receive a correctly
functioning staircase. 69
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