Session – 1

Introduction to CAD
Ms.M.Lakshmi Chaitanya
Mechanical Engineering
Subject: CAD/CAM
Cell Number: 9908856812
Session Objectives
At the end of this session, the learner will be able to:

• Recall the concepts of Drawing

• Analyze the usefulness CAD in the design process
• Compare the difference between manual drawing and computer
aided drawing
• List the Advantages and disadvantages of CAD

Teaching Learning Material

• White Board and Markers.

• O H P with Transparencies/LCD
Session Plan

Learning Outcomes
Time Learning Aid and Typical Student
Content Faculty Approach (Blooms +
(in min) Methodology Activity
Gardeners)

Remembering/
Introduction to Facilitates Recalls Knowledge/verbal
Brain Storming
10 Drawing Participates Intrapersonal

Knowledge/
Interpreting
Manual Drawing Shows Observes remember
10 Images
Logical

Facilitates Knowledge/
Computer Aided Comprehends,
Presentation remember
10 Drawing Discuss
Logical

Understanding
Listens
Advantages & Knowledge/
10 Chalk and talk Questions Understands
Disadvantages Comprehension
Observes
Logical

Remembering /
Innovative
Conclusion Conducts Participates interpersonal /
10 Conclusion
intrapersonal

Session Inputs
Introduction to Drawing
The learners may have some basic understanding of
Drawing, as it is a general term. Therefore, It would be a
good idea to conduct a brain storming session so as to know
What they know about the term ‘Drawing.

Suggested Activity: Brain Storming

Brainstorming is carried out by posing the question: what is

Drawing? Responses from the learners can be listed on the board. The
unrelated words are to be removed by explaining why they are not
relevant.
After removing the irrelevant words, the definition is tried from the
remaining words on the board

Drawing is the act or the art of representing any object

by means of lines and shades; especially, such a
representation when in one color, or in tints used not to
represent the colors of natural objects, but for effect only, and
produced with hard material such as pencil, chalk, etc.;

Manual Drawing
 The basic drafting procedure is to place a piece of paper (or
other material) on a smooth surface with right-angle corners and
straight sides—typically a drawing board. A
sliding straightedge known as a T-square is then
placed on one of the sides, allowing it to be slid across the side
of the table, and over the surface of the paper

Suggested Activity: Interpreting Images

We can use views of drawing table and drawing instruments

and display them on LCD/OHP to explain manual drawing. The following
is a sample view that can be used
 Parallel lines" can be drawn simply by moving the T-square and running
a pencil or technical pen along the T-square's edge, but more typically
the T-square is used as a tool to hold other devices such as set
squares or triangles. In addition, the drafter uses several tools to draw
curves and circles.,and in general manual drawing can be a time
consuming proces

Computer Aided Drawing

The CAD or the computer aided design process is the enrichment

of the traditional manual design process by using
computer software and hardware extensively. By using
computer the whole design process becomes much faster and
robust

Suggested Activity: Presentation

We can use views related to computer aided drawing

and display them on LCD/OHP to explain different tools used. The
following is a sample view that can be used
 Using CAD, it is possible to simulate in three dimensions the
movement of a part through a production process.

In this tutorial I will be teaching you all about:

• Lines
• Circles
• Arcs
• Block
• Polygons
• Shell

The Line Command

The Line Command is the most common command you will use within AutoCAD, lines
generally make up the majority of a drawing, so it's important to know what you can do with
a line.

A line, can be drawn between any two points within autoCAD, and the program will draw a
straight line between them.

So let's try that, simply open up a new drawing in AutoCAD to do this go

• file > New

Now, we will enter the Line Command:

• Type L and then ENTER

The Circle Command

The Circle Command will be one of the most used commands you will perform in
AutoCAD.

There are 6 different ways for which you can create the perfect circle, but lets start with the
basics first.

Open up a new drawing in AutoCAD to do this go

• File > New

Now, we will enter the Circle Command:

• Type C and then ENTER

The ARC Command

Draws an arc. The default method of drawing arcs is selecting three points (so-called "3 point
arc"), which are the two endpoints of the arc and some other point along its locus. Other methods
of drawing an arc can be specified by three letters, such as SEA, which means "Start Point, End
Point, and Included Angle.

The Block Command

Forms a single compound entity from a group of entities within the current drawing

The Polygon Command

Draws regular polygons with a specified number of sides. Polygons are Polyline entities

The Shell Command

Allows access to internal operating system (DOS) commands. Once SH is invoked, followed
by two <RET>s, the DOS Prompt will be displayed, so you can enter any DOS command. To get
back to AutoCAD, simply type EXIT at the DOS prompt.
Relative Advantages, Disadvantages of Computer Aided
Drawing.

Till now the learner would be table to think about CAD. Now it would be
time to tell them what are the advantages and disadvantages of CAD

Suggested Activity: Chalk and Talk

Computer-aided design (CAD) involves

creating computer models defined by
geometrical parameters. These models typically
appear on a computer monitor as a three-
dimensional representation of a part or a system
of parts, which can be readily altered by
changing relevant parameters.

Advantages Disadvantages

Reduced design timescales.... Time & cost of implementing the

CAD system

Reuse of designs Time & cost of training people to

use the CAD.
Drawing errors can be corrected Time & cost of migrating legacy
easily drawings into CAD format

Conclusion:

Having Studied about CAD, We could direct the Learners to List the Key
concepts discussed in the session

Suggested Activity: Innovative Conclusion

Based on the Alphabetical order of the names of the learners,

the learner with name starting with letter A will ask the learner
with name starting with letter S to come up with a topic that
is used in CAD for drawing a Design and that would be explained
by the learner who asked for the topic, that is the learner
having name starting with letter A

Now the learner with name starting with letter S will ask for a
topic to the learner having name starting with some other
letter

Repeat the cycle till all the concepts are covered which are very
useful for designing any object in CAD

Summary
In this session we learnt to:

1. Define CAD
2. Manual Drawing Vs CAD
3. Advantages and disadvantages Of CAD
Assignment

1. What is Computer aided Drafting? Compare the advantages

with respect to manual Drawing

References:

1. CAD/CAM/CAE by CHOUGULE N.K

2. CAD/CAM by Mikell P. Groover
3. Computer Aided Drawing And Design By Davies

Notes
 Summary
In this session, we learnt to:
 • Automation definition
• Different types of automations
• Robot definition
• Classification of Robots
• Applications of Robots

Assignment
1. What are the different types of automations compare with the help
of a diagram.
2. Define an industrial robot.
3. Classify the robots according to their co-ordinate systems.

References
• Industrial Robotics – Mikell P Groover, Mitchell weiss, Roger N.
Nagel Nicholas G Odrey.
• Robotics & control – R K Mittal& I J Nagrath
• Introduction to Robotics – Saeed B Niku

Notes