HOW TO DETERNiINE SPECIFIC CAKE RESISTANCE

tN F I L T E R I N G SLURRIES

(UDC 66.063.6.067.1:620o10)

Candidate in Engineering Sciences T. A. Malinovskaya

and Engineer Lo S h . Naidorf

Translamd from Khimieheskoe i Neftyanoe Mashinostroenie, Noo 8,

pp. 26-28, June, 1968

A selection of the appropriate type of industrial filter and filter throughput is d i c t a t e d chiefly by the prope~'~ies
of the slurries to be filtered. The principal generalized characteristic of the filtration properties of slurries is the
specific resistance presented by the filter cake, a variabIe dependent on a l l . t h e structural specifica of the cake: d i -
mensions and shape of particles, porosity, tortuosity of capillaries, colloida! c h e m i c a l phenomena on phase boundar-
ies in the capillaries, and so forth.

Most of the now a v a i l a b l e techniques for determining specific cake resistance are based on the fundamental
equation of the slurry filtration process for slurries forming incompressible cakes [1]:

dV ~p
Sclz a(Rc @ R f )

where V is the filtrate volume in ma; S is the filtration surface area in m~; r is the filtration t i m e in sec; A p is
the pressure differentia] in k F / m Z ; /~ is the viscosity of the slurry liquid phase in k F / s e c m z,* Rc and Rf are the re-
spective resistances of cake layer and filter cloth in l / r e .

In graphical determinations of specific cake resistance, the variable is expressed in ternis of the specific v o l -
ume resistance ro and the height of the cake layer:

V
h :=: Xo S

hence

D YoXo S '
'"c
where x o is the ratio of cake volmne to filtrate volume.

On integrating Eq. (1) for the case of a constant-pressure process, we have

ApS 2%
V~+ 2 sR~- V = 2
FoX o I9 X o r o

Since the quantities >, to, Xo, A p, Rf are constants in this equation, a transfon-nation will alter the e q u a d o n
to the form

A-~=Mq I-N,
q

* 1 kF s e c / m z = 9.81 N sec/rn z.

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where q is the amount of filtrate, in m 3, obtained from 1 m z of filtration surface;

~ Rf
2Ap Ap

Graphical solution of this equation [deten-nination of M equal to the tangent slope of the line r / q = f(q) to the
q-axis] will give us the specific volume resistance ro of the cake or the specific resistance by weight of the cake:

2A pM
Fw --
~Xw

where Xw is the ratio of the weight of cake solids to the filtrate volume, in k g / m s.

The resistance of the cake layer

V
R c = r Xw -.

The second method for processing the experimentaI data is based on the least-squares solution of gq. (1).

When Eq. (2) is put in the form

_ E ..... bV + a,
V
it is solved as:

2 l
v=b 2 1
V + rta,

,, n V ~
X~ = bX ~ d-a V,
i 1 i
(1 ')

rw~X w n is the number of measurements.

where b = 2 ~ r - ;

Denoting

1 1 1 1 (1 ")

we have

x= by-I-ha,
x~ .... by~ + ay;
and hence

D tl X ~ - - - Xy
ny t -- Y'-'
?.ApDS 2
#Xw (2)

The third (Burdakov) method involves the equation

0(v i 2Vog),
which is also based on Eq. (1); here Vo is the volume of cake-forming filtrate whose resistance equals the filter
cloth resistance.

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