Tutorial 02 Scaling Wedges

Unwedge v. 4.
0
Tutorial 11 | Advanced Joint Combination Analysis
Topics Covered:
• Probabilistic joint combination
analysis
• Analysis of individual joint
combinations
• Analysis of all joint
combinations
Unwedge v. 4.0 Tutorial Manual Tutorial 11: Advanced Joint Combination Analysis
Introduction
This tutorial will perform a probabilistic analysis on a geometry with four joints. We will
first look at the individual combinations. We will then proceed to compute all of the joint
combinations at once.
The Model
For this tutorial we will start by reading in the file Tutorial 01 Quick Start.weg which you
should find in the Unwedge 4.0 Examples > Tutorials folder in your Unwedge installation
folder.
Select: File > Recent Folders > Tutorials Folder, or use the drop-down arrow on the Open
toolbar button to choose the tutorials folder. Select the Tutorial 01 Quick Start.weg file.
Open the Project Settings dialog from the toolbar or the analysis menu. Ensure the units are
set to Metric, stress as MPa, and change the analysis type to Probabilistic.
Click on the Sampling tab on the left of the dialog. Change the Number of Samples to 1000.
Ensure the advanced location dependent scaling box is checked. Click OK.
Open the Input Data dialog from the toolbar or the analysis menu. Click on the Joint
Orientations tab. Click on the green plus button to add a new joint. Change the dip of Joint 4
to 60 and the dip direction to 90. Change all four joint properties to “smooth joint” as shown.
Click on the Joint Properties tab and click on the “rough joint” tab on the left of the dialog.
Click on the red X button to delete the rough joint. Only the smooth joint should be displayed
on the left of the dialog. Change the Joint Structure Continuity from Infinite to Persistence.
We will keep the default persistence of 5 m.
Click OK.
Open the Joint Properties dialog from the Statistic menu. Select: Statistics > Joint Properties
Click Add and enter the following: Property = Persistence; Distribution = Exponential;
Mean = 5; Rel. Min = 4; Rel. Max = 10. Click OK.
11 - 2
Combination 1: Joints 1, 2, 3
Orientations tab. On the bottom of the Input Data dialog, we can see that we are looking at
Combination 1 out of the 4 total combinations. This combination uses joints 1, 2, and 3. Click
Cancel.
Select the Compute button from the toolbar or the Analysis menu to compute the results.
Switch to the Probability View using the drop-down menu on the toolbar or the Select View
sub-menu of the View menu.
From the sidebar, we can see that we are currently looking at the Maximum Support
Pressure. Most of the roof segments have a maximum support pressure of 0.032 MPa.
Select the New Window button from the toolbar or the Window menu. The Probability View
should now be vertically tiled with the 3D Wedge View.
Click on one of the 0.032 roof segments in the Probability View to see the resulting 3D
Wedge View.
11 - 3
Close the 3D Wedge View and maximize the Probability View. Right click on one of the 0.032
roof segments and select Plot Histogram. Click OK in the dialog. You should see the following
histogram:
NOTE: Notice that the last column of the histogram is very high. This means there is
a high frequency of wedges with a support pressure of approximately 0.031 MPa. The
reason for this anomaly is due to the probabilistic range of our persistence variable. In the
Joint Properties dialog we gave persistence a range between 1m and 15 m. Whenever the
persistence reaches a length such that the resulting wedge is bigger than the tunnel itself,
Unwedge scales that wedge down to the maximum size for the tunnel.
Now that we have studied the results of the first joint combination, we will go on to look at
the second. Close the histogram view.
Orientations tab. On the bottom of the Input Data dialog, we can see that we are looking at
Combination 1 out of the 4 total combinations. Click on the up arrow to go to Combination 2.
This combination takes joints 1, 2, and 4 into account. Click OK.
Switch to the Probability View if you are not already viewing it. The Maximum Support
Pressure on the roof now varies between 0.053 MPa and 0.084 MPa.
should now be vertically tiled with the 3D Wedge View, as shown.
11 - 4
Close the 3D Wedge View and maximize the Probability View. Right click on one of the roof
segments and select Plot Histogram. Click OK in the dialog. You should see the following
histogram:
Note that in this combination, unlike the previous one, the support pressure follows a
generally exponential distribution, without any extreme anomalies. This is because in this
combination, the maximum persistence is never met, and so Unwedge does not have to scale
down a large number of wedges.
We will now go on to look at the third joint combination. Close the histogram view.
11 - 5
Open the Input Data dialog and click on the Joint Orientations tab. On the bottom of the Input
Data dialog, we can see that we are looking at Combination 2 out of the 4 total combinations.
Click on the up arrow to go to Combination 3. This combination takes joints 1, 3, and 4 into
account. Click OK.
Pressure on the roof segments now varies between 0.005 MPa and 0.02 MPa.
should now be vertically tiled with the 3D Wedge View, as shown. Click on one of the 0.005
MPa segments to view the resulting wedges.
Close the 3D Wedge View and maximize the Probability View. Right click on one of the 0.005
MPa roof segments and select Plot Histogram. Click OK in the dialog. You should see the
following histogram:
We will now go on to look at the fourth joint combination. Close the histogram view.
11 - 6
Following a similar procedure, Combination 4 takes joints 2, 3, and 4 into account.
The Maximum Support Pressure on the roof segments now varies between 0.023 MPa and
0.011 MPa.
Clicking on one of the 0.011 MPa segments results in the following 3D Wedge View and the
following histogram of Maximum Support Pressure for the segment:
Close the histogram view.
11 - 7
All Joint Combinations

We have seen different results from each combination of joints. We will now show how we
can look at all four joint combinations at once.
We should note here that the number of samples we entered in the Project Settings dialog at
the beginning of the tutorial (1000) was the number of samples used for each combination.
That is to say, for Joint Combination 1, 1000 wedge orientations were computed, and the
maximum support pressure from all these samples was studied in the Probability View.
Similarly, for Joint Combination 2, 1000 samples were computed, and the maximum support
pressure from all these samples was studied.
In this section, we will be looking at all four joint combinations at once. Because there
are four different combinations of joints, Unwedge will divide the number of samples by 4.
Therefore for Joint Combination 1, 1000/4 = 250 samples will be computed. Similarly, 250
samples will be computed for Joint Combination 2, and so on. For the sake of consistency,
and in order to have comparable results, we want 1000 samples to be computed for each
joint combination, as before. Therefore, we will use a sampling size of 4000.
Open the Project Settings dialog from the toolbar or the analysis menu. Click on the Sampling
tab on the left of the dialog. Change the Number of Samples to 4000. Click OK.
Orientations tab. On the bottom of the Input Data dialog, we can see that we are looking
at Combination 4 out of the 4 total combinations. Check off the “Compute all joint
combinations (probabilistic)” box. Click OK.
11 - 8
Pressure on the roof segments now varies between 0.053 and 0.084 MPa. Notice that the
0.084 MPa value is the maximum support pressure from Joint Combination 2; it is also the
maximum of the pressures we saw in the four different joint combinations, for this segment.
For the right-most segment, notice that the 0.053 MPa value is the maximum support
pressure we saw from all the combinations for this segment.
This demonstrates that we are now looking at the Maximum Support Pressure from all of the
possible joint combinations.
Right click on one of the 0.084 MPa roof segments and select Plot Histogram. Click OK in the
dialog to plot Support Pressure.
should now be vertically tiled with the 3D Wedge View and the histogram. Minimize the
Probability View and select the Tile Vertically button from the toolbar or the Windows menu,
such that the 3D Wedge View and the histogram are shown.
Recall Joint Combination 1 gave us a maximum support pressure of 0.032 MPa for this
segment. Double-click on the histogram where the support pressure is about 0.032 MPa. The
resulting 3D Wedge View is almost identical to the one we saw in the Joint Combination 1
section of the tutorial. From the sidebar we can see that the exact pressure in the figure is
0.033 MPa.
Now, double-click on the histogram where the support pressure is maximum (0.084 MPa).
You will notice that the resulting wedges are identical to those we saw in Joint Combination
2. Recall the maximum support pressure on this roof segment for combination 2 was also
0.084 MPa.
It will be left as an exercise for the user to examine the wedges resulting from double-
clicking on the histogram on the same pressures seen in Joint Combination 3 and 4.
In conclusion, using the “compute all joint combinations (probabilistic)” checkbox, allows
the user to view the results from all possible joint combinations at once. That concludes the
advanced joint combinations tutorial.
11 - 9

Tutorial 02 Scaling Wedges

Încărcat de

Informații document

Descriere originală:

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Tutorial 02 Scaling Wedges

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Unwedge v. 4.

Close the histogram view.

All Joint Combinations

S-ar putea să vă placă și