CPC – 1

PRINCIPLES RELATED TO
PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY
Syllabus :

Detection of extra elements (N, S halogens) in

organic compounds; Detection of the
following functional groups; hydroxyl
(alcoholic and phenolic), carbonyl (aldehyde
and ketone), carboxyl and amino group
in organic compounds
Chemical involved in the preparation of the
following :
Inorganic compounds; Mohr’s salt, potash
alum.
Organic compound : Acetanilide,
p-nitroacetanilide, aniline yellow,
iodoform
Chemistry involved in the titrimetric excercises
- Acids bases and the use of indicators, oxalic-
acids vs KMnO4, Mohr’s salt vs KMnO4.
Cations - Pb2+, Cu2+, AI3+, Fe3+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Ca2+,
Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+
Anions - CO32–, S2–, SO42–, NO3–, CI–, Br, I (In-
soluble salts excluded)
Chemical principles involved in the following
experiments :
1. Enthalpy of solution of CuSO4
2. Enthalpy of neutralization of strong acid and
strong base.
3. Preparation of lyophilic and lyophobic sols.
4. Kinetic study of reaction, of iodide ion with
hydrogen peroxide at room temperature

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 CPC – 2
E X E R C I S E (OBJECTIVE)
1. Excess of NaOH added will separate : 11. We have aq. solution of Zn(CH3COO)2 and ZnCl2
in test tubes I and II (separate). H2S gas is passed
(a) Al(OH)3Zn(OH)2
into each, then ZnS is precipitated :
(b) AlCl3, ZnCl2
(a) In I (b) In II
(c) Fe(OH)3, Mg(OH)2
(c) in both (d) in none
(d) Fe(OH)3, Al(OH)3
12. On heating colourless solid A, gas B (liquid at room
2. NaOH can be used to separate : temperature) and gas C are formed. A is
(a) CuS, As2S3 decomposed by NaOH on heating to form gas D
(b) Al(OH)3, Cr(OH)3 giving white fumes with HCl. Gas C occupies 800
ml/g at N.T.P. Hence A is
(c) both
(a) NH4NO3 (b) NaNO2
(d) none
(c) NH4Cl (d) NH4NO2
3. Acidified K2Cr2O7 changes to green on reaction with
13. Na 2 S gives purple colour with sodium
(a) SO2 nitroprusside. Purple colour has formula
(b) FeSO4 (a) Na3[Fe(CN)6S]
(c) KI and then adding hypo (b) Na2[Fe(CN)5NOS]
(d) All of these (c) Na4[Fe(CN)5NOS]
4. On adding Fe 2+ to [Fe(CN) 6] 3—, blue colour is (d) KFe[Fe(CN)5NOS]
formed. This is called
14. PbSO4 is soluble in
(a) Prussion blue
(a) CH3COOH (b) CH3COONH4
(b) Turnbull’s blue
(c) both (d) none
(c) Blue chrome T
15. As2S3 is soluble in (NH4)2S2 forming
(d) none
(a) (NH4)3AsS4 (b) (NH4)2AsS3
5. This reagent is/are used to separate IIA
(copper group) from IIB (arsenic group) : (c) (NH4)3AsS3 (d) none is true

(a) YAS (b) NaOH 16. Following gives yellow ppt on boiling with conc.
HNO3 and ammonium molybdate
(c) H2S + HCl (d) both (a) and (b)
(a) AsO43— (b) Pb2+
6. KMnO4 is decolorised on reaction of a mixture in 3—
acidic medium. Mixture contains (c) PO4 (d) both (a) and (c)
—
(a) Fe2+ (b) C2O42— 17. NO 3
is detected by ring test. Ring has formula :

(c) both (d) none (a) FeSO4.HNO2

7. Gas (X) turns lime water milky. It can be (b) [Fe(H2O)5NO]2+

(a) CO2 (b) SO2 (c) FeSO4.NO2

(c) both (d) none (d) Fe(OH)2.NO

8. Chromyl ion is 18. There is formation of blue colour when (KI + starch)
is added to
(a) CrO+ (b) CrO22+
(a) HNO2 (b) CuSO4
(c) CrO2+ (d) CrO23+
(c) Cl2 (d) all of these
9. CaC2O4 is soluble in
19. FeCl3 forms blood red colour with KCNS. Blood
(a) HCl (b) H2SO4 red colour is due to
(c) CH3COOH (d) all (a) Fe(CNS)3 (b) [Fe(CNS)]2+
10. This reagent gives ppt with KI followed by hypo (c) [Fe(CNS)2]+ (d) none is true
addition
20. Which give(s) yellow ppt with K2CrO4 :
(a) CuSO4 (b) HgCl2
(a) Ba2+ (b) Pb2+
(c) FeCl3 (d) a, b true
(c) Cu2+ (d) both (a) and (b)

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 CPC – 3
 31. Amongst TiF6 , CoF , Cu2Cl2 and NiCl42— the
2— 3—
21. Black residue (MnO2) + K2CO3 + air 
 (green) 6
colourless species is/are :
X + Cl2  Y (pink). X and Y are :
(a) Cu2Cl2 (b) TiF62—
(a) K2Cr2O7, KMnO4
(c) NiCl42— (d) both (a) & (b)
(b) K2MnO4, KMnO4
32. Which one of the following pairs of ions can be
(c) KMnO4, K2MnO4
separated by H2S in dilute HCl acid
(d) none
(a) Ni2+, Cu2+ (b) Al3+, Hg2+
22. Removal of PO43— (interferring radical) is neces-
sary : (c) Zn2+, Cu2+ (d) all of these
(a) after group III 33. Which of the following anions is not easily removed
by precipitation from its aqueous solution ?
(b) after group II but before III
(a) NO3— (b) CO32—
(c) after group II
(c) SO42— (d) I—
(d) no necessity
34. A solution contains Hg , Pb , Cu , Ag+. Addition
2+ 2+ 2+
23. Borate forms green edged flame when burned with
of I— precipitates :
conc. H2SO4 + ethanol. Green edged flame has
formula. (a) Hg2+, Pb2+
(a) (C2H5O)3B (b) (C2H5)2BO2 (b) Pb2+, Cu2+, Ag+
(c) (C2H5)3BO3 (d) both (a) & (c) (c) Pb2+, Ag+
24. When KNO2 is added to Co2+ salt in acetic acid (d) Hg2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Ag+
medium, yellow ppt is formed. It is due to 35. A substance “A”, which sublimes on heating,
(a) K4[Co(NO2)6] (b) K3[Co(NO2)6] evolves a colourless gas when treated with HCl and
a small quantity of NaNO 2. Suggest from this
(c) KCo[Co(NO2)6] (d) none
information a suitable test for A :
25. CrO42— (yellow) changes to Cr2O72— (orange) at pH
(a) Nessler’s test
= x and vice versa at pH = y. x and y can be
(b) brown ring test
(a) 6, 5 (b) 6, 8
(c) decolorization with acidified KMnO4
(c) 8, 9 (d) 7, 7
(d) lime water test
26. Green Cr3+ changes to yellow CrO42— on boiling with
36. Black HgS :
(a) alkaline H2O2 (b) acidified H2O2
(a) dissolves on boiling with conc. HCl
(c) both (d) none
(b) does not dissolve in boiling HCl + a
27. Ammonium dichromate is used in some fireworks.
crystal of KClO3
The green coloured powder blown in the air is
(c) dissolves in NaOH solution
(a) CrO3 (b) Cr2O3
(d) none is correct
(c) Cr (d) CrO(O2)
37. A chloride in acid solution decolorises acidified
28. Which of the following statements are correct ?
KMnO4 and gives a grey precipitate with HgCl2; it
(a) An aq. solution of NH4Cl is acidic could be
(b) NH4OH is a weak base (a) PbCl2 (b) PbCl4
(c) (NH4)2SO4 is a fertilizer (c) SnCl2 (d) SnCl4
(d) all of these 38. White fumes liberated on treating a white solid with
29. Which of the following product is formed when zinc conc. H2SO4 and SiO2 leaves a white deposit on a
reacts with very dilute HNO3 ? glass rod moistened with water. The white solid
could be
(a) NO (b) NO2
(a) NaCl (b) NaF
(c) NH4NO3 (d) hydrogen
(c) NH4Cl (d) NaBr
30. The blue colour produced in Lassaigne’s test of ni-
trogen is due to formation of
(a) Na4[Fe(CN)6] (b) Fe3[Fe(CN)6]2
(c) Fe2[Fe(CN)6] (d) NaFe[Fe(CN)6]

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 CPC – 4
39. Which of the following reaction(s) give(s) coloured 47. Green coloured solute (A)
gases ?


(a) K2Cr2O7 + KCl + H2SO4 (conc.) 

  AgNO
3  white ppt. H  Yellow
2 O 2 , KOH
( B)

(b) NaNO3 + H2SO4 (conc.) 

(c) electrolysis of brine using mercury Yellow solution (C) (
CH 3COO ) 2 Pb
  yellow ppt.
CH 3COOH (D)
cathode and graphite anode
(d) All of these Which is correct ?
40. Which will give NO2 on heating ? A B C D
(a) NH4NO2 (b) NH4NO3 (a) AgCl KCl PbI2 PbI2
(c) NaNO3 (d) LiNO3 (b) AgCl KCl PbCrO4 Pb2Cr2O7
41. Na2S2O3 is used in photography as a fixing agent (c) AgCl CrCl2 PbCrO4 PbI2
because of (d) CrCl3 AgCl K2CrO4 PbCrO4
(a) its reducing property 48. Solute A of Q.54 + K 2 Cr 2 O 7 + conc. H 2 SO 4
(b) its oxidising property 
  F Pb
E KOH
 ( CH
3COO
 )2
 G . Which is
CH 3COOH
(c) its sensitivity towards light
correct set :
(d) its ability to form a soluble complex with
Ag+ ions. E F G
42. In alkaline medium, following will change colour (a) CrO2Cl2 (= C) (= D)
along with change in oxidation number (b) Cl2 (= C) (= D)
(a) KMnO4 (b) I2 (c) CrO2Cl2 K2Cr2O7 PbI2
(c) Cl2 (d) all of these (d) none is true
43. Blue perchromic anhydride is obtained in ethereal 49. Yellow coloured solution of FeCl3 changes to green
solution when H2O2 in ether is added to acidified coloured when X reacts with it, X is
(with conc. H2SO4)K2Cr2O7 solution. It is due to
(a) SnCl2 (b) H 2S
(a) CrO3 (b) H2CrO4
(c) Mg (d) all of these
(c) CrO5 (d) H2Cr2O7
50. Consider the following compounds
44. Which liberates Cl2 gas when conc. HCl is heated
1. Sulphur dioxide
with
2. Hydrogen peroxide
(a) KMnO4 (b) K2Cr2O7
3. Ozone
(c) MnO2 (d) all of these
Among these compounds, those which can act as
45. Solute (X) is highly soluble in water. On adding
bleaching agents would include
conc. H 2SO 4, there is no reaction and a clear
solution is obtained. X can be : (a) 1 and 3 (b) 3
(a) NaNO3 (b) Na2HPO4 (c) 1 and 2 (d) 1, 2 and 3
(c) KI (d) KCl 51. Which of the following cations can be detected by
passing H2S in acid medium ?

46. Solute X 
 Y (g) + Z(g) 1. Cu2+ 2. Pb2+
Aq. solution of X and Z gives white ppt. with AgNO3 3. Bi2+ 4. Zn2+
soluble in aq. Y. Hence X can be
Select the correct answer using the codes given
(a) NaCl (b) NH4Cl below :
(c) NH4NO3 (d) NH4NO2 (a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2 and 3

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 CPC – 5
52. Which of the following statements(s) is/are correct 60. In sodium extract test of organic compounds the
with reference to the ferrous and ferric ions ? nirgoen of an organic compound is converted into
(a) Fe3+ gives brown colour with potassium (a) Sodamide
ferricyanide (b) Sodium cyanide
(b) Fe2+ gives blue precipitate with potassium (c) Sodium nitrite
ferricyanide
(d) Sodium nitrate
(c) Fe3+ gives red colour with potassium thio
cyanate 61. ClCH2COOH is heated with fuming HNO3 in the
presence of AgNO3 in Carius tube. After filtration
(d) both (b) and (c) are correct and washing the precipitate obtained is
53. Which of the following does not give the borax beas (a) AgNO3 (b) AgCl
test
(c) Ag2SO4 (d) ClCH2COOAg
(a) Cr3+ (b) Cu2+
62. In Lassaigne’s test for N, S and halogens, the
(c) Mn2+ (d) Pb2+ organic compound is
54. A mixture of acetone and methanol can be (a) Fused with sodium
separated by
(b) Dissolved with sodamide
(a) Vacuum distillation
(c) Extracted with sodamide
(b) Steam distillation
(d) Fused with calcium
(c) Freactional distillation
63. In Lassaigne’s test for nitrogen, the blue colour is
(d) None due to the formation of
55. Aniline is purified by (a) Ferric ferrocyanide
(a) Steam distillation (b) Potassium ferrocyanide
(b) Simple distillation (c) Sodium ferrocyanide
(c) Vacuum distillation (d) Sodium cyanide
(d) Extraction with a solvent 64. There are several criteria of purity of organic
56. In Kjeldahl’s method, nitrogen present is estimated compounds. Which is considered to be the best
as (a) Melting point
(a) N2 (b) NH3 (b) Mixed melting point
(c) NO2 (d) None (c) Colour
57. Lassaigne’s test for the detection of nitrogen will (d) Microscopic examination
fail in case of
65. In Lassaigne’s test when both N and S are present,
(a) NH2CONH2 blood red colour obtained is due to the formation
(b) H2NCONHNH2 · HCl of
(c) H2N · NH2 · 2HCl (a) Ferric ferrocyanide
(d) C6H5NHNH2 · 2HCl (b) Ferric sulphocyanide
58. Which reagent is useful in separating benzoic acid (c) Ferric cyanide
from phenol (d) None
(a) Dilute HCl (b) Dilute H2SO4 66. A mixture of camphor and benzoic acid can be
(c) 5% NaOH (d) 5% NaHCO3 separated by
59. A compound which does not give a positive test in (a) Sublimation
the Lassaigne’s test for N is (b) Chemical methods
(a) Glycine (c) Fractional crystallisation
(b) Phenyl hydrazine (d) Extraction with solvent
(c) Urea 67. In Kjeldahl’s method of estimation of nitrogen,
(d) Azobenzene K2SO4 acts as
(a) Oxidising agent
(b) Catalytic agent
(c) Hydrolysing agent
(d) Boiling point elevator

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 CPC – 6
68. The function of boiling the sodium extract with ANSWERS
conc. HNO3 before testing for halogens is
(a) To make solution clear
1. d 27. b 53. d
(b) To descroy CN– and S2– ions which will
otherwide give ppt. 2. c 28. d 54. c
(c) To make the solution acidic
3. d 29. c 55. a
(d) The convert Fe2+ to Fe3+
69. The sulphur present in an organic compound is 4. b 30. d 56. b
oxidised by fuming nitric acid into
5. d 31. d 57. c
(a) SO2 (b) H2SO4
(c) H 2S (d) S 6. c 32. d 58. d
70. An organic compound containing C, H and N have 59. d
7. c 33. a
the percentage 40, 13.33 and 46.67 respectively. Its
empricial formula may be 8. b 34. d 60. b
(a) C2H 7N (b) C2H7N2
9. a 35. a 61. b
(c) CH4N (d) CH5N
71. In Duma’s method for determining the nitrogen 10. a 36. d 62. a
content of an organic compound, the nitrogen
content is determined in the form of 11. a 37. c 63. a
(a) Gaseous NH3 (b) NaCN 12. d 38. b 64. b
(c) Gaseous N2 (d) (NH4)2SO4
13. c 39. d 65. b
72. 0.14g of an acid required 12.5 mL of 0.1N-NaOH
for complete neutralisation. The equivalent weight 14. b 40. d 66. b
of the acid is
(a) 45 (b) 56 15. a 41. d 67. d
(c) 63 (d) 112 16. d 42. d 68. b
73. In the estimation of nitrogen by Duma’s method
1.18 g of an organic compound gave 224 mL of N2 17. b 43. c 69. b
at NTP. The percentage of nitrogen in the compound 70. c
is about 18. d 44. d
(a) 20.0 (b) 11.8 19. b 45. b 71. c
(c) 47.5 (d) 23.7 72. d
20. d 46. b
74. 0.5 g of an organic compound containing nitrogen
on Kjeldahlising required 29 mL of N/5 H2SO4 for 21. b 47. d 73. d
complete neutralisation of ammonia. The
percentage of nitrogen in the compound is 22. b 48. a 74. b
(a) 34.3 (b) 16.2 23. d 49. d
(c) 21.6 (d) 14.8
24. b 50. c
25. b 51. d
26. a 52. d

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 CPC – 7
TEST YOURSELF
1. HgCl2 reacts with KI forming X. X dissolved in ex-
cess of KI to form Y, X and Y are :
(a) HgI2, K2HgI4 (b) Hg2I2, K2HgI4
(c) HgI2, HgI3— (d) Hg2I2, K2HgI4
2. This radical can be identified by Borax Bead test
(a) Mg2+ (b) Ca2+
(c) Cu+ (d) Cu2+
3. NH 4 + salt gives brown colour with alkaline
Nesseler’s reagent to form iodide of Millon’s base
with formula :

(a)

(b) NH2 – Hg – HgI

(c) HgI42—
(d) NH2 – Hg – I
4. When KOH is added to KMnO4, green colour is
formed. This is due to
(a) MnO7 (b) MnO2
2—
(c) MnO 4
(d) Mn2+
5. The sulphur present in an organic compound is
oxidised by fuming nitric acid into
(a) H 2S (b) SO2
(c) SO3 (d) H2SO4
6. Which will give N2O on heating ?
(a) NH4NO2 (b) NH4NO3
(c) NaNO3 (d) LiNO3
7. Which salts are determined by idometric titration
(a) KMnO4 (b) K2Cr2O7
(c) CuSO4 (d) all of these
8. Which compound does not dissolve in hot dilute
HNO3 ?
(a) HgS (b) PbS
(c) CuS (d) CdS
9. In Kjeldahl’s method nitrogen present is
quantitatively converted to
(a) N2 (b) (NH4)2SO4
(c) NO2 (d) None ANSWERS
10. Which of the following reagents is useful for
separating aniline from a mixture of aniline and 1. a 6. b
nitrobenzene
2. d 7. d
(a) NaOH(aq) (b) H2 O
3. a 8. a
(c) NaHCO3(aq) (d) HCl(aq)
4. c 9. b
5. d 10. d

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