Homework 2 Chapter 2 CHE 1400

Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1
By definition, which of the following can be broken down into simpler substances?

1)

_______
A)
compound X

B)

gas
C)
element

D)

liquid

2
Which set of compounds illustrates the law of multiple proportions?

2)

_______
A)
SO2, SO3

B)

H2O, H2O2
C)
N2O, NO, NO2

D)

all of these X

3
John Dalton discovered which of the following laws?

3)

_______
A)
The Law of Conservation of Mass
B)
The Law of Constant Composition
C)
The Law of Definite Proportions
D)
The Law of Multiple Proportions X

4
When 10.00 g of lead and 1.56 grams of sulfur react, 11.56 g of lead sulfide is produced. Suppose 30.00 g of lead and 1.56
g of sulfur are allowed to react. Analysis of the reaction mixture would show

4)

_______
A)
11.56 g of lead sulfide and 20.00 g of lead. X
B)
34.68 g of lead sulfide.
C)
31.56 g of lead sulfide.
D)
no reaction

5
Which one of the following statements IS NOT a correct statement of the Law of Conservation of Mass?

5)

_______
A)
The mass of a system is dependent upon chemical reactions that may occur. X
B)
The mass of a system is conserved in a chemical reaction.
C)
Atoms are conserved in chemical reactions.
D)
Matter cannot be created or destroyed.

6
When electricity is passed through molten potassium bromide, two simpler substances, potassium and bromine, are
produced. Therefore, potassium bromide

6)

_______
A)
must have the formula PB.
B)
cannot be an element. X
C)
must be a mixture.
D)
has less mass than the resulting potassium and bromine do.

7
The "father of modern chemistry" is
7)

_______
A)
Proust.

B)

Lavoisier. X
C)
Boyle.

D)

Mendeleev.

8
Mendeleev's statement of the periodic law is "the properties of the elements are periodic functions of their ________."

8)

_______
A)
both atomic weights and atomic numbers
B)
position in his periodic table
C)
atomic numbers
D)
atomic masses X

9
32 g of sulfur will react with 48 g of oxygen to produce 80 g of sulfur trioxide. If 32 g of sulfur and 100 g of oxygen are
placed into a sealed container and allowed to react, what is the mass of the material in the container after the reaction is
completed?

9)

_______
A)
32 g

B)

132 g X

C)

100 g

D)
80 g

1
No matter how much extra oxygen is available, 12 grams of carbon always combines with 32 grams of oxygen. This best
illustrates the law of

10)

______
A)
multiple proportions.

B)

conservation of mass.
C)
definite proportions. X

D)

conservation of energy.

1
Under conditions of limited oxygen, carbon burns to form carbon monoxide, a poisonous gas. In conditions with
unlimited oxygen, carbon burns to form carbon dioxide. This illustrates the law of

11)

______
A)
definite proportions.

B)

different chemical reactions.

C)
conservation of mass.

D)

multiple proportions. X

1
C always contains 3 g of C for every 8 g of O. This is an example of

12)

______
A)
Dalton's atomic theory.
B)
Proust's Law of Definite Proportions. X
 C)
Dalton's Law of Multiple Proportions.
D)
Lavoisier's Law of Conservation of Mass.

1
Methane can be decomposed into two simpler substances, hydrogen and carbon. Therefore, methane

13)

______
A)
must have the formula CH.

B)

must be a mixture.
C)
is a gas.

D)

cannot be an element. X

1
Which one of the following DOES NOT occur in a chemical reaction?

14)

______
A)
matter is rearranged
B)
atoms are changed into other atoms X
C)
matter is conserved
D)
atoms react with other atoms

1
2 g of sulfur will react with 3 g of oxygen to produce 5 g of sulfur trioxide. If 32 g of sulfur and 100 g of oxygen are placed
into a sealed container and allowed to react, how much sulfur dioxide will be produced?

15)

______
A)
48 g

B)

100 g
 C)

80 g X

D)

32 g

1
By measuring the mass of substances before and after chemical reactions, Lavoisier summarized his observations with
a(n)

16)

______
A)
hypothesis.

B)

theory.
C)
law. X

D)

observation.

1
After many observations, Proust stated that elements combine in definite proportions to form compounds. Dalton
explained these observations by proposing that matter must consist of atoms. Dalton's explanation is called a(n)

17)

______
A)
observation.

B)

theory. X
C)
hypothesis.

D)

law.

1
When added to a sealed flask and heated, 6.0 g of carbon and 16.0 g of oxygen react to form 22.0 g of carbon dioxide.
How much carbon dioxide is formed when 12.0 g of carbon is reacted with 100.0 g of oxygen?

18)
______
A)
44.0 g X

B)

112.0 g

C)

22.0 g

D)

28.0 g

1
Dalton explained the law of conservation of mass by stating that atoms are neither created nor destroyed in a chemical
reaction. Dalton's explanation is an example of a scientific

19)

______
A)
law.

B)

experiment.
C)
theory. X

D)

hypothesis.

2
All of the following are molecules EXCEPT

20)

______
A)
C

B)

CO

C)
 D)

O X

2
The Greek word atomos means

21)

______
A)
atom.

B)

invisible.
C)
continuous.

D)

indivisible. X

2
Leucippus and Democritus proposed the "first" atomic view of matter. They arrived at this view based on

22)

______
A)
many experiments.
B)
philosophical and intuitive speculation. X
C)
careful measurements.
D)
All of the above contributed to their atomic view.

2
The modern periodic law of the elements states that the properties of the element are periodic functions of

23)

______
A)
position in the periodic table.
B)
atomic masses.
C)
atomic numbers. X
 D)
both atomic weights and atomic numbers.

2
The Law of Definite Proportions was first stated by

24)

______
A)
Lavoisier.

B)

Dalton.
C)
Proust. X

D)

Galileo.

2
Lavoisier performed many of the same experiments as his predecessors. The one thing that most distinguished
Lavoisier's work was

25)

______
A)
the results.

B)

the chemicals.
C)
the mass measurements. X

D)

the glassware.

2
Which set of compounds illustrates the law of multiple proportions?

26)

______
A)
NH3, PH3, AsH3

B)
NH3, N2H4 X
C)
NH3, NF3, NCl3

D)

all of these

2
Which of the following people believed that matter was continuous and was not made up of atoms?

27)

______
A)
Dalton

B)

Aristotle X
C)
Lavoisier

D)

Democritus

2
The unit of atomic weight is

28)

______
A)
microgram.

B)

atomic mass unit X.

C)
the mass of an electron.

D)

atomic weight unit.

2
Which set of compounds illustrates the law of multiple proportions?

29)
______
A)
H2O, H2

B)

CH4, C2H6, C3H8 X

C)
NO, NH3, NH4Cl

D)

all of these

3
What is the name of the Russian chemist who was a pioneer in the development of the periodic law?

30)

______
A)
Newlands

B)

D bereiner
C)
Meyerovic

D)

Mendeleev X

3
Mendeleev organized the elements

31)

______
A)
by increasing atomic number and similar properties.
B)
alphabetically by name.
C)
by increasing atomic weight and similar properties. X
D)
by number of electrons.

3
If drops of water are subdivided to the ultimately smallest drops possible, what is the smallest particle of water that
retains the chemical and physical properties of water?
32)

______
A)
mixture

B)

atom

C)

micron

D)

molecule X

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
3
Explain why Mendeleev left gaps in his periodic table of the elements.

33)

_____________

3
Antoine Lavoisier is often credited with doing more than anyone else to establish chemistry as a quantitative science.
What was the significance of Lavoisier's work?

34)

_____________

3
When 10.0 g of lead are heated with 1.6 g of sulfur, 11.6 g of lead sulfide are formed. How many grams of lead sulfide
form when 10.0 g of lead are heated with 3.0 g of sulfur?

35)

_____________

3
Describe what happens in a chemical reaction.

36)

_____________

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.
3
The Law of Constant Composition and the Law of Definite Proportions are different names for the same phenomenon.
37)

______

3
Mendeleev arranged the elements in his periodic table solely in order of increasing atomic mass.

38)

______

3
During a chemical reaction, matter can neither be created nor destroyed.

39)

______

4
Lavoisier's experiments showed that matter can be gained or lost in a chemical change.

40)

______

4
Dalton's atomic theory states that atoms may change into other atoms in a chemical reaction.

41)

______

4
Substance A contains 75% carbon and 25% hydrogen. Substance B contains 80% carbon and 20% hydrogen. A and B are
the same substance.

42)

______

4
A molecule is a group of atoms that are chemically bonded together.

43)

______

4
Mendeleev was the first person to attempt to arrange the elements in a systematic order.

44)

______
 4
Leucippus and Democritus based their ideas about atoms on careful experimental results.

45)

______

4
Ammonia and hydrazine are compounds composed of only hydrogen and nitrogen. These compounds illustrate the law
of multiple proportions.

46)

______

1)

A
2)
D
3)
D
4)
A
5)
A
6)
B
7)
B
8)
D
9)
B
10)
C
11)
D
12)
B
13)
D
14)
B
15)
C
16)
C
17)
B
18)
A
19)
C
20)
D
21)
D
22)
B
23)
C
24)
C
25)
C
26)
B
27)
B
28)
B
29)
B
30)
D
31)
C
32)
D
33)
Mendeleev left gaps in his periodic table so that elements with similar properties could be grouped together. He correctly
predicted that the gaps would correspond to elements that had not been discovered at that time.
34)
careful measurements on chemical reactions
35)
11.6 g
36)
The arrangement of atoms changes.
37)
TRUE
38)
FALSE
39)
TRUE
40)
FALSE
41)
FALSE
42)
FALSE
43)
TRUE
 44)
FALSE
45)
FALSE
46)
TRUE